Genes of corynebacterium

ABSTRACT

Isolated nucleic acid molecules, designated MP nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel MP proteins from  Corynebacterium glutamicum  are described. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing MP nucleic acid molecules, and host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced. The invention still further provides isolated MP proteins, mutated MP proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and methods for the improvement of production of a desired compound from  C. glutamicum  based on genetic engineering of MP genes in this organism.

[0001] Isolated nucleic acid molecules, designated MP nucleic acid molecules, which encode novel MP proteins from Corynebacterium glutamicum are described. The invention also provides antisense nucleic acid molecules, recombinant expression vectors containing MP nucleic acid molecules, and host cells into which the expression vectors have been introduced. The invention still further provides isolated MP proteins, mutated MP proteins, fusion proteins, antigenic peptides and methods for the improvement of production of a desired compound from C. glutamicum based on genetic engineering of MP genes in this organism.

[0002] Certain products and by-products of naturally-occurring metabolic processes in cells have utility in a wide array of industries, including the food, feed, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. These molecules, collectively termed ‘fine chemicals’, include organic acids, both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids, nucleotides and nucleosides, lipids and fatty acids, diols, carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, vitamins and cofactors, and enzymes. Their production is most conveniently performed through large-scale culture of bacteria developed to produce and secrete large quantities of a particular desired molecule. One particularly useful organism for this purpose is Corynebacterium glutamicum, a gram positive, nonpathogenic bacterium. Through strain selection, a number of mutant strains have been developed which produce an array of desirable compounds. However, selection of strains improved for the production of a particular molecule is a time-consuming and difficult process.

[0003] The invention provides novel bacterial nucleic acid molecules which have a variety of uses. These uses include the identification of microorganisms which can be used to produce fine chemicals, the modulation of fine chemical production in C. glutamicum or related bacteria, the typing or identification of C. glutamicum or related bacteria, as reference points for mapping the C. glutamicum genome, and as markers for transformation. These novel nucleic acid molecules encode proteins, referred to herein as metabolic pathway (MP) proteins.

[0004]C. glutamicum is a gram positive, aerobic bacterium which is commonly used in industry for the large-scale production of a variety of fine chemicals, and also for the degradation of hydrocarbons (such as in petroleum spills) and for the oxidation of terpenoids. The MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention, therefore, can be used to identify microorganisms which can be used to produce fine chemicals, e.g., by fermentation processes. Modulation of the expression of the MP nucleic acids of the invention, or modification of the sequence of the MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention, can be used to modulate the production of one or more fine chemicals from a microorganism (e.g., to improve the yield or production of one or more fine chemicals from a Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium species).

[0005] The MP nucleic acids of the invention may also be used to identify an organism as being Corynebacterium glutamicum or a close relative thereof, or to identify the presence of C. glutamicum or a relative thereof in a mixed population of microorganisms. The invention provides the nucleic acid sequences of a number of C. glutamicum genes; by probing the extracted genomic DNA of a culture of a unique or mixed population of microorganisms under stringent conditions with a probe spanning a region of a C. glutamicum gene which is unique to this organism, one can ascertain whether this organism is present. Although Corynebacterium glutamicum itself is nonpathogenic, it is related to species pathogenic in humans, such as Corynebacterium diphtheriae (the causative agent of diphtheria); the detection of such organisms is of significant clinical relevance.

[0006] The MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention may also serve as reference points for mapping of the C. glutamicum genome, or of genomes of related organisms. Similarly, these molecules, or variants or portions thereof, may serve as markers for genetically engineered Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium species.

[0007] The MP proteins encoded by the novel nucleic acid molecules of the invention are capable of, for example, performing an enzymatic step involved in the metabolism of certain fine chemicals, including amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, and trehalose. Given the availability of cloning vectors for use in Corynebacterium glutamicum, such as those disclosed in Sinskey et al., U.S. Pat. No. 4,649,119, and techniques for genetic manipulation of C. glutamicum and the related Brevibacterium species (e.g., lactofermentum) (Yoshihama et al, J. Bacteriol. 162: 591-597 (1985); Katsumata et al., J. Bacteriol. 159: 306-311 (1984); and Santamaria et al., J. Gen. Microbiol. 130: 2237-2246 (1984)), the nucleic acid molecules of the invention may be utilized in the genetic engineering of this organism to make it a better or more efficient producer of one or more fine chemicals.

[0008] This improved production or efficiency of production of a fine chemical may be due to a direct effect of manipulation of a gene of the invention, or it may be due to an indirect effect of such manipulation. Specifically, alterations in C. glutamicum metabolic pathways for amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nucleotides, and trehalose may have a direct impact on the overall production of one or more of these desired compounds from this organism. For example, optimizing the activity of a trehalose or a lysine or a methionine biosynthetic pathway protein or decreasing the activity of a trehalose or a lysine or methionine degradative pathway protein may result in an increase in the yield or efficiency of production of trehalose or lysine or methionine from such an engineered organism. Alterations in the proteins involved in these metabolic pathways may also have an indirect impact on the production or efficiency of production of a desired fine chemical. For example, a reaction which is in competition for an intermediate necessary for the production of a desired molecule may be eliminated, or a pathway necessary for the production of a particular intermediate for a desired compound may be optimized. Further, modulations in the biosynthesis or degradation of, for example, an amino acid, a vitamin, or a nucleotide may increase the overall ability of the microorganism to rapidly grow and divide, thus increasing the number and/or production capacities of the microorganism in culture and thereby increasing the possible yield of the desired fine chemical.

[0009] The nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention may be utilized to directly improve the production or efficiency of production of one or more desired fine chemicals from Corynebacterium glutamicum. Using recombinant genetic techniques well known in the art, one or more of the biosynthetic or degradative enzymes of the invention for amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, or trehalose may be manipulated such that its function is modulated. For example, a biosynthetic enzyme may be improved in efficiency, or its allosteric control region destroyed such that feedback inhibition of production of the compound is prevented. Similarly, a degradative enzyme may be deleted or modified by substitution, deletion, or addition such that its degradative activity is lessened for the desired compound without impairing the viability of the cell. In each case, the overall yield or rate of production of the desired fine chemical may be increased.

[0010] It is also possible that such alterations in the protein and nucleotide molecules of the invention may improve the production of other fine chemicals besides the amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, and trehalose through indirect mechanisms. Metabolism of any one compound is necessarily intertwined with other biosynthetic and degradative pathways within the cell, and necessary cofactors, intermediates, or substrates in one pathway are likely supplied or limited by another such pathway. Therefore, by modulating the activity of one or more of the proteins of the invention, the production or efficiency of activity of another fine chemical biosynthetic or degradative pathway may be impacted. For example, amino acids serve as the structural units of all proteins, yet may be present intracellularly in levels which are limiting for protein synthesis; therefore, by increasing the efficiency of production or the yields of one or more amino acids within the cell, proteins, such as biosynthetic or degradative proteins, may be more readily synthesized. Likewise, an alteration in a metabolic pathway enzyme such that a particular side reaction becomes more or less favored may result in the over- or under-production of one or more compounds which are utilized as intermediates or substrates for the production of a desired fine chemical.

[0011] This invention provides novel nucleic acid molecules which encode proteins, referred to herein as metabolic pathway proteins (MP), which are capable of, for example, performing an enzymatic step involved in the metabolism of molecules important for the normal functioning of cells, such as amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nucleotides and nucleosides, or trehalose. Nucleic acid molecules encoding an MP protein are referred to herein as MP nucleic acid molecules. In a preferred embodiment, the MP protein performs an enzymatic step related to the metabolism of one or more of the following: amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, and trehalose. Examples of such proteins include those encoded by the genes set forth in Table 1. TABLE 1 Genes in the Application Nucleic Acid Amino Acid Gene Function SEQ ID NO SEQ ID NO (identifier) Function 1 2 metH 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-homocysteine methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.13) 3 4 treS Trehalose Synthase

[0012] Accordingly, one aspect of the invention pertains to isolated nucleic acid molecules (e.g., cDNAs, DNAs, or RNAs) comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding an MP protein or biologically active portions thereof, as well as nucleic acid fragments suitable as primers or hybridization probes for the detection or amplification of MP-encoding nucleic acid (e.g., DNA or mRNA). In particularly preferred embodiments, the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises one of the nucleotide sequences set forth as the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs in the Sequence Listing (SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3), or the coding region or a complement thereof of one of these nucleotide sequences. In other particularly preferred embodiments, the isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes to or is at least about 63%, preferably at least about 71%, more preferably at least about 75%, 80% or 90%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to a nucleotide sequence which encodes a proteine sequence set forth as an even-numbered SEQ ID NO in the Sequence Listing (SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4), or a portion thereof. In other preferred embodiments, the isolated nucleic acid molecule encodes one of the amino acid sequences set forth as an even-numbered SEQ ID NO in the Sequence Listing (SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4). The preferred MP proteins of the present invention also preferably possess at least one of the MP activities described herein.

[0013] In another embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule encodes a protein or portion thereof wherein the protein or portion thereof includes an amino acid sequence which is sufficiently homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence having an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: in the Sequence Listing), e.g., sufficiently homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention such that the protein or portion thereof maintains an MP activity. Preferably, the protein or portion thereof encoded by the nucleic acid molecule maintains the ability to perform an enzymatic reaction in a amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway. In one embodiment, the protein encoded by the nucleic acid molecule is at least about 63%, preferably at least about 71%, and more preferably at least about 75%, 80%, or 90% and most preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., an entire amino acid sequence selected from those having an even-numbered SEQ ID NO in the Sequence Listing). In another preferred embodiment, the protein is a full length C. glutamicum protein which is substantially homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention (encoded by an open reading frame shown in the corresponding odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs in the Sequence Listing (SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4).

[0014] In another preferred embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule is derived from C. glutamicum and encodes a protein (e.g., an MP fusion protein) which includes a biologically active domain which is at least about 50% or more homologous to one of the amino acid sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of one of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOs in the Sequence Listing) and is able to catalyze a reaction in a metabolic pathway for an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose, or one or more of the activities set forth in Table 1, and which also includes heterologous nucleic acid sequences encoding a heterologous polypeptide or regulatory regions.

[0015] In another embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule is at least 15 nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO in the Sequence Listing). Preferably, the isolated nucleic acid molecule corresponds to a naturally-occurring nucleic acid molecule. More preferably, the isolated nucleic acid encodes a naturally-occurring C. glutamicum MP protein, or a biologically active portion thereof.

[0016] Another aspect of the invention pertains to vectors, e.g., recombinant expression vectors, containing the nucleic acid molecules of the invention, and host cells into which such vectors have been introduced. In one embodiment, such a host cell is used to produce an MP protein by culturing the host cell in a suitable medium. The MP protein can be then isolated from the medium or the host cell.

[0017] Yet another aspect of the invention pertains to a genetically altered microorganism in which an MP gene has been introduced or altered. In one embodiment, the genome of the microorganism has been altered by introduction of a nucleic acid molecule of the invention encoding wild-type or mutated MP sequence as a transgene. In another embodiment, an endogenous MP gene within the genome of the microorganism has been altered, e.g., functionally disrupted, by homologous recombination with an altered MP gene. In another embodiment, an endogenous or introduced MP gene in a microorganism has been altered by one or more point mutations, deletions, or inversions, but still encodes a functional MP protein. In still another embodiment, one or more of the regulatory regions (e.g., a promoter, repressor, or inducer) of an MP gene in a microorganism has been altered (e.g., by deletion, truncation, inversion, or point mutation) such that the expression of the MP gene is modulated. In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism belongs to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium, with Corynebacterium glutamicum being particularly preferred. In a preferred embodiment, the microorganism is also utilized for the production of a desired compound, such as trehalose or an amino acid, with lysine and methionine being particularly preferred.

[0018] In another aspect, the invention provides a method of identifying the presence or activity of Cornyebacterium diphtheriae in a subject. This method includes detection of one or more of the nucleic acid or amino acid sequences of the invention (e.g., the sequences set forth in the Sequence Listing as SEQ ID NOs 1 through 4) in a subject, thereby detecting the presence or activity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the subject.

[0019] Still another aspect of the invention pertains to an isolated MP protein or a portion, e.g., a biologically active portion, thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the isolated MP protein or portion thereof can catalyze an enzymatic reaction involved in one or more pathways for the metabolism of an amino acid, a vitamin, a cofactor, a nutraceutical, a nucleotide, a nucleoside, or trehalose. In another preferred embodiment, the isolated MP protein or portion thereof is sufficiently homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: in the Sequence Listing) such that the protein or portion thereof maintains the ability to catalyze an enzymatic reaction involved in one or more pathways for the metabolism of an amino acid, a vitamin, a cofactor, a nutraceutical, a nucleotide, a nucleoside, or trehalose.

[0020] The invention also provides an isolated preparation of an MP protein. In preferred embodiments, the MP protein comprises an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing). In another preferred embodiment, the invention pertains to an isolated full length protein which is substantially homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) (encoded by an open reading frame set forth in a corresponding odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing). In yet another embodiment, the protein is at least about 63%, preferably at least about 71%, and more preferably at least about 75%, 80%, or 90%, and most preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% or more homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing). In other embodiments, the isolated MP protein comprises an amino acid sequence which is at least about 63% or more homologous to one of the amino acid sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) and is able to catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway, or has one or more of the activities set forth in Table 1.

[0021] Alternatively, the isolated MP protein can comprise an amino acid sequence which is encoded by a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes, e.g., hybridizes under stringent conditions, or is at least about 63%, preferably at least about 71%, more preferably at least about 70%, 80%, or 90%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98,%, or 99% or more homologous to a nucleotide sequence encoding a proteine of one of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOs set forth in the Sequence Listing. It is also preferred that the preferred forms of MP proteins also have one or more of the MP bioactivities described herein.

[0022] The MP polypeptide, or a biologically active portion thereof, can be operatively linked to a non-MP polypeptide to form a fusion protein. In preferred embodiments, this fusion protein has an activity which differs from that of the MP protein alone. In other preferred embodiments, this fusion protein, when introduced into a C. glutamicum pathway for the metabolism of an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, results in increased yields and/or efficiency of production of a desired fine chemical from C. glutamicum. In particularly preferred embodiments, integration of this fusion protein into an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway of a host cell modulates production of a desired compound from the cell.

[0023] In another aspect, the invention provides methods for screening molecules which modulate the activity of an MP protein, either by interacting with the protein itself or a substrate or binding partner of the MP protein, or by modulating the transcription or translation of an MP nucleic acid molecule of the invention.

[0024] Another aspect of the invention pertains to a method for producing a fine chemical. This method involves the culturing of a cell containing a vector directing the expression of an MP nucleic acid molecule of the invention, such that a fine chemical is produced. In a preferred embodiment, this method further includes the step of obtaining a cell containing such a vector, in which a cell is transfected with a vector directing the expression of an MP nucleic acid. In another preferred embodiment, this method further includes the step of recovering the fine chemical from the culture. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the cell is from the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium, or is selected from those strains set forth in Table 2. TABLE 2 Corynebacterium and Brevibacterium strains which may be used in the practice of the invention Genus Species ATCC FERM NRRL CECT NCIMB CBS NCTC DSMZ Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 21054 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19350 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19351 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19352 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19353 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19354 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19355 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 19356 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 21055 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 21077 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 21553 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 21580 Brevibacterium Ammoniagenes 39101 Brevibacterium Butanicum 21196 Brevibacterium Divaricatum 21792 P928 Brevibacterium Flavum 21474 Brevibacterium Flavum 21129 Brevibacterium Flavum 21518 Brevibacterium Flavum B11474 Brevibacterium Flavum B11472 Brevibacterium Flavum 21127 Brevibacterium Flavum 21128 Brevibacterium Flavum 21427 Brevibacterium Flavum 21475 Brevibacterium Flavum 21517 Brevibacterium Flavum 21528 Brevibacterium Flavum 21529 Brevibacterium Flavum B11477 Brevibacterium Flavum B11478 Brevibacterium Flavum 21127 Brevibacterium Flavum B11474 Brevibacterium Healii 15527 Brevibacterium Ketoglutamicum 21004 Brevibacterium Ketoglutamicum 21089 Brevibacterium Ketosoreductum 21914 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 70 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 74 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 77 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21798 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21799 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21800 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21801 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum B11470 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum B11471 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21086 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21420 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 21086 Brevibacterium Lactofermentum 31269 Brevibacterium Linens 9174 Brevibacterium Linens 19391 Brevibacterium Linens 8377 Brevibacterium Paraffinolyticum 11160 Brevibacterium spec. 717.73 Brevibacterium spec. 717.73 Brevibacterium spec. 14604 Brevibacterium spec. 21860 Brevibacterium spec. 21864 Brevibacterium spec. 21865 Brevibacterium spec. 21866 Brevibacterium spec. 19240 Coryne- Acetoacido- 21476 bacterium philum Coryne- Acetoacido- 13870 bacterium philum Coryne- Aceto- B11473 bacterium glutamicum Coryne- Aceto- B11475 bacterium glutamicum Coryne- Aceto- bacterium glutamicum 15806 Coryne- Aceto- bacterium glutamicum 21491 Coryne- Aceto- bacterium glutamicum 31270 Coryne- Acetophilum B3671 bacterium Coryne- Ammoniagenes 6872 2399 bacterium Coryne- Ammoniagenes 15511 bacterium Coryne- Fujiokense 21496 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 14067 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 39137 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21254 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21255 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 31830 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 13032 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 14305 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 15455 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 13058 bacterium Coryne Glutamicum 13059 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 13060 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21492 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21513 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21526 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21543 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 13287 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21851 bacterium Coryne- Glutamicum 21253 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21514 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21516 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21299 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21300 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 39684 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21488 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21649 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21650 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19223 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 13869 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21157 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21158 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21159 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21355 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 31808 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21674 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21562 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21563 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21564 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21565 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21566 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21567 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21568 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21569 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21570 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21571 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21572 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21573 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21579 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19049 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19050 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19051 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19052 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19053 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19054 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19055 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19056 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19057 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19058 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19059 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19060 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 19185 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 13286 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21515 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21527 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21544 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21492 bacterium Coryne glutamicum B8183 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum B8182 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum B12416 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum B12417 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum B12418 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum B11476 bacterium Coryne- glutamicum 21608 bacterium Coryne- lilium P973 bacterium Coryne- nitrilophilus 21419 11594 bacterium Coryne- spec. P4445 bacterium Coryne- spec. P4446 bacterium Coryne- spec. 31088 bacterium Coryne- spec. 31089 bacterium Coryne- spec. 31090 bacterium Coryne- spec. 31090 bacterium Coryne- spec. 31090 bacterium Coryne- spec. 15954 20145 bacterium Coryne- spec. 21857 bacterium Coryne- spec. 21862 bacterium Coryne- spec. 21863 bacterium

[0025] Another aspect of the invention pertains to methods for modulating production of a molecule from a microorganism. Such methods include contacting the cell with an agent which modulates MP protein activity or MP nucleic acid expression such that a cell associated activity is altered relative to this same activity in the absence of the agent. In a preferred embodiment, the cell is modulated for one or more C. glutamicum amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathways, such that the yields or rate of production of a desired fine chemical by this microorganism is improved. The agent which modulates MP protein activity can be an agent which stimulates MP protein activity or MP nucleic acid expression. Examples of agents which stimulate MP protein activity or MP nucleic acid expression include small molecules, active MP proteins, and nucleic acids encoding MP proteins that have been introduced into the cell. Examples of agents which inhibit MP activity or expression include small molecules, and antisense MP nucleic acid molecules.

[0026] Another aspect of the invention pertains to methods for modulating yields of a desired compound from a cell, involving the introduction of a wild-type or mutant MP gene into a cell, either maintained on a separate plasmid or integrated into the genome of the host cell. If integrated into the genome, such integration can be random, or it can take place by homologous recombination such that the native gene is replaced by the introduced copy, causing the production of the desired compound from the cell to be modulated. In a preferred embodiment, said yields are increased. In another preferred embodiment, said chemical is a fine chemical. In a particularly preferred embodiment, said fine chemical is trehalose or an amino acid. In especially preferred embodiments, said amino acid are L-lysine and L-methionine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0027] The present invention provides MP nucleic acid and protein molecules which are involved in the metabolism of certain fine chemicals in Corynebacterium glutamicum, including amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, and trehalose. The molecules of the invention may be utilized in the modulation of production of fine chemicals from microorganisms, such as C. glutamicum, either directly (e.g., where modulation of the activity of a trehalose or a lysine or methionine biosynthesis protein has a direct impact on the production or efficiency of production of trehalose or lysine or methionine from that organism), or may have an indirect impact which nonetheless results in an increase of yield or efficiency of production of the desired compound (e.g., where modulation of the activity of a nucleotide biosynthesis protein has an impact on the production of an organic acid or a fatty acid from the bacterium, perhaps due to improved growth or an increased supply of necessary co-factors, energy compounds, or precursor molecules). Aspects of the invention are further explicated below.

[0028] 1. Fine Chemicals

[0029] The term ‘fine chemical’ is art-recognized and includes molecules produced by an organism which have applications in various industries, such as, but not limited to, the pharmaceutical, agriculture, and cosmetics industries. Such compounds include organic acids, such as tartaric acid, itaconic acid, and diaminopimelic acid, both proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides, and nucleotides (as described e.g. in Kuninaka, A. (1996) Nucleotides and related compounds, p. 561-612, in Biotechnology vol. 6, Rehm et al., eds. VCH: Weinheim, and references contained therein), lipids, both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid), diols (e.g., propane diol, and butane diol), carbohydrates (e.g., hyaluronic acid and trehalose), aromatic compounds (e.g., aromatic amines, vanillin, and indigo), vitamins and cofactors (as described in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, vol. A27, “Vitamins”, p. 443-613 (1996) VCH: Weinheim and references therein; and Ong, A. S., Niki, E. & Packer, L. (1995) “Nutrition, Lipids, Health, and Disease” Proceedings of the UNESCO/Confederation of Scientific and Technological Associations in Malaysia, and the Society for Free Radical Research—Asia, held Sep. 1-3, 1994 at Penang, Malaysia, AOCS Press, (1995)), enzymes, polyketides (Cane et al. (1998) Science 282: 63-68), and all other chemicals described in Gutcho (1983) Chemicals by Fermentation, Noyes Data Corporation, ISBN: 0818805086 and references therein. The metabolism and uses of certain of these fine chemicals are further explicated below.

[0030] A. Amino Acid Metabolism and Uses

[0031] Amino acids comprise the basic structural units of all proteins, and as such are essential for normal cellular functioning in all organisms. The term “amino acid” is art-recognized. The proteinogenic amino acids, of which there are 20 species, serve as structural units for proteins, in which they are linked by peptide bonds, while the nonproteinogenic amino acids (hundreds of which are known) are not normally found in proteins (see Ulmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, vol. A2, p. 57-97 VCH: Weinheim (1985)). Amino acids may be in the D- or L-optical configuration, though L-amino acids are generally the only type found in naturally-occurring proteins. Biosynthetic and degradative pathways of each of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids have been well characterized in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells (see, for example, Stryer, L. Biochemistry, 3^(rd) edition, pages 578-590 (1988)). The ‘essential’ amino acids (histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine), so named because they are generally a nutritional requirement due to the complexity of their biosyntheses, are readily converted by simple biosynthetic pathways to the remaining 11 ‘nonessential’ amino acids (alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, serine, and tyrosine). Higher animals do retain the ability to synthesize some of these amino acids, but the essential amino acids must be supplied from the diet in order for normal protein synthesis to occur.

[0032] Aside from their function in protein biosynthesis, these amino acids are interesting chemicals in their own right, and many have been found to have various applications in the food, feed, chemical, cosmetics, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries. Lysine is an important amino acid in the nutrition not only of humans, but also of monogastric animals such as poultry and swine. Glutamate is most commonly used as a flavor additive (mono-sodium glutamate, MSG) and is widely used throughout the food industry, as are aspartate, phenylalanine, glycine, and cysteine. Glycine, L-methionine and tryptophan are all utilized in the pharmaceutical industry. Glutamine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, histidine, arginine, proline, serine and alanine are of use in both the pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries. Threonine, tryptophan, and D/L-methionine are common feed additives. (Leuchtenberger, W. (1996) Amino aids—technical production and use, p. 466-502 in Rehm et al. (eds.) Biotechnology vol. 6, chapter 14a, VCH: Weinheim). Additionally, these amino acids have been found to be useful as precursors for the synthesis of synthetic amino acids and proteins, such as N-acetylcysteine, S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine, (S)-5-hydroxytryptophan, and others described in Ulmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, vol. A2, p. 57-97, VCH: Weinheim, 1985.

[0033] The biosynthesis of these natural amino acids in organisms capable of producing them, such as bacteria, has been well characterized (for review of bacterial amino acid biosynthesis and regulation thereof, see Umbarger, H. E. (1978) Ann. Rev. Biochem. 47: 533-606). Glutamate is synthesized by the reductive amination of á-ketoglutarate, an intermediate in the citric acid cycle. Glutamine, proline, and arginine are each subsequently produced from glutamate. The biosynthesis of serine is a three-step process beginning with 3-phosphoglycerate (an intermediate in glycolysis), and resulting in this amino acid after oxidation, transamination, and hydrolysis steps. Both cysteine and glycine are produced from serine; the former by the condensation of homocysteine with serine, and the latter by the transferal of the side-chain â-carbon atom to tetrahydrofolate, in a reaction catalyzed by serine transhydroxymethylase. Phenylalanine, and tyrosine are synthesized from the glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathway precursors erythrose 4-phosphate and phosphoenolpyruvate in a 9-step biosynthetic pathway that differ only at the final two steps after synthesis of prephenate. Tryptophan is also produced from these two initial molecules, but its synthesis is an 11-step pathway. Tyrosine may also be synthesized from phenylalanine, in a reaction catalyzed by phenylalanine hydroxylase. Alanine, valine, and leucine are all biosynthetic products of pyruvate, the final product of glycolysis. Aspartate is formed from oxaloacetate, an intermediate of the citric acid cycle. Asparagine, methionine, threonine, and lysine are each produced by the conversion of aspartate. Isoleucine is formed from threonine. The biosynthetic pathways leading to methionine have been studied in diverse organisms and show similarity as well as differences. The first step, acylation of homoserine, is common to all the organisms, even though the source of the transferred acyl groups is different. Escherichia coli and the related species use succinyl-CoA (Michaeli, S. and Ron, E. Z. (1981) Construction and physical mapping of plasmids containing the metA gene of Escherichia coli K12, Mol. Gen. Genet. 182, 349-354). Construction and physical mapping of plasmids containing the metA gene of Escherichia coli K12, Mol. Gen. Genet. 182, 349-354), while Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Langin, T., Faugeron, G., Goyon, C., Nicolas, A., and Rossignol, J. (1986) The MET2 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence. Gene 49, 283-293), Brevibacterium flavum (Miyajima, R. and Shiio, I. (1973) Regulation of aspartate family of amino acid biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum: properties of homoserine O-transacetylase. J. Biochem. 73, 1061-1068; Ozaki, H. and Shiio, I. (1982) Methionine biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum: properties and essential role of O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. J. Biochem. 91, 1163-1171), C. glutamicum (Park, S.-D., Lee, J.-Y., Kim, Y., Kim, J.-H., and Lee, H.-S. (1998) Isolation and analysis of metA, a methionine biosynthetic gene encoding homoserine acetyltransferase in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol. Cells 8, 286-294), and Leptospira meyeri (Belfaiza, J., Martel, A., Maegarita. D., and Saint Girons, I. (1998) Direct sulfhydrylation for methionine biosynthesis in Leptospira meyeri. J. Bacteriol. 180, 250-255; Bourhy, P., Martel, A., Margarita, D., Saint Girons, I., and Belfaiza, J. (1997) Homoserine O-acetyltransferase, involved in the Leptospira meyeri methionine biosynthetic pathway, is not feedback inhibited. J. Bacteriol. 179, 4396-4398) use acetyl-CoA as the acyl donor. Formation of homocysteine from acylhomoserine can occur in two different ways. E. coli uses the transsulfuration pathway which is catalyzed by cystathionine γ-synthase (the product of metB) and cystathionine β-lyase (the product of metC). S. cerevisiae (Cherest, H. and Surdin-Kerjan, Y. (1992) Genetic analysis of a new mutation conferring cysteine auxotrophy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: updating of the sulfur metabolism pathway. Genetics 130, 51-58), B. flavum (Ozaki, H. and Shiio, I. (1982) Methionine biosynthesis in Brevibacterium flavum: properties and essential role of O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. J. Biochem. 91, 1163-1171), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Foglino, M., Borne, F., Bally, M., Ball, G., and Patte, J. C. (1995) A direct sulfhydrylation pathway is used for methionine biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microbiology 141, 431-439), and L. meyeri (Belfaiza, J., Martel, A., Maegarita. D., and Saint Girons, I. (1998) Direct sulfhydrylation for methionine biosynthesis in Leptospira meyeri. J. Bacteriol. 180, 250-255) utilize the direct sulfhydrylation pathway which is catalyzed by acylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. Unlike closely related B. flavum which uses only the direct sulfhydrylation pathway, enzyme activities of the transsulfuration pathway have been detected in the extracts of the C. glutamicum cells and the pathway has been proposed to be the route for methionine biosynthesis in the organism (Hwang, B-J., Kim, Y., Kim, H.-B., Kim, J., Hwang, H.-J., and Lee, H.-S. (1999) Analysis of Corynebacterium glutamicum methionine biosynthetic pathway: Isolation and analysis of metB encoding cystathionine ã-synthase. Mol. Cells 9, 300-308; Kase, H. and Nakayama, K. (1974) Production of O-acetyl-L-homoserine by methionine analog resistant mutants and regulation of homoserine-O-transacetylase in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Agr. Biol. Chem. 38, 2021-2030; Park, S.-D., Lee, J.-Y., Kim, Y., Kim, J.-H., and Lee, H.-S. (1998) Isolation and analysis of metA, a methionine biosynthetic gene encoding homoserine acetyltransferase in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol. Cells 8, 286-294).

[0034] Even though some genes involved in methionine biosynthesis in C. glutamicum were isolated in recent years, the information on the biosynthesis of methionine in C. glutamicum is still limited. The metA and metB genes have been isolated from the organism and also the metC and the metZ gene are known (table 4), but the final step of the biosynthesis remained unclear. In this invention, the biosynthetic pathway leading to methionine in C. glutamicum is deciphered in total and the biosynthetic gene responsible for the last step of the biosynthesis is defined with the metH gene encoding the enzyme methionine synthase.

[0035] A complex 9-step pathway results in the production of histidine from 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate, an activated sugar.

[0036] Amino acids in excess of the protein synthesis needs of the cell cannot be stored, and are instead degraded to provide intermediates for the major metabolic pathways of the cell (for review see Stryer, L. Biochemistry 3^(rd) ed. Ch. 21 “Amino Acid Degradation and the Urea Cycle” p. 495-516 (1988)). Although the cell is able to convert unwanted amino acids into useful metabolic intermediates, amino acid production is costly in terms of energy, precursor molecules, and the enzymes necessary to synthesize them. Thus it is not surprising that amino acid biosynthesis is regulated by feedback inhibition, in which the presence of a particular amino acid serves to slow or entirely stop its own production (for overview of feedback mechanisms in amino acid biosynthetic pathways, see Stryer, L. Biochemistry, 3^(rd) ed. Ch. 24: “Biosynthesis of Amino Acids and Heme” p. 575-600 (1988)). Thus, the output of any particular amino acid is limited by the amount of that amino acid present in the cell.

[0037] 2.1 Vitamin, Cofactor, and Nutraceutical Metabolism and Uses

[0038] Vitamins, cofactors, and nutraceuticals comprise another group of molecules which the higher animals have lost the ability to synthesize and so must ingest, although they are readily synthesized by other organisms, such as bacteria. These molecules are either bioactive substances themselves, or are precursors of biologically active substances which may serve as electron carriers or intermediates in a variety of metabolic pathways. Aside from their nutritive value, these compounds also have significant industrial value as coloring agents, antioxidants, and catalysts or other processing aids. (For an overview of the structure, activity, and industrial applications of these compounds, see, for example, Ullman's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, “Vitamins” vol. A27, p. 443-613, VCH: Weinheim, 1996.) The term “vitamin” is art-recognized, and includes nutrients which are required by an organism for normal functioning, but which that organism cannot synthesize by itself. The group of vitamins may encompass cofactors and nutraceutical compounds. The language “cofactor” includes nonproteinaceous compounds required for a normal enzymatic activity to occur. Such compounds may be organic or inorganic; the cofactor molecules of the invention are preferably organic. The term “nutraceutical” includes dietary supplements having health benefits in plants and animals, particularly humans. Examples of such molecules are vitamins, antioxidants, and also certain lipids (e.g., polyunsaturated fatty acids).

[0039] The biosynthesis of these molecules in organisms capable of producing them, such as bacteria, has been largely characterized (Ullman's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, “Vitamins” vol. A27, p. 443-613, VCH: Weinheim, 1996; Michal, G. (1999) Biochemical Pathways: An Atlas of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons; Ong, A. S., Niki, E. & Packer, L. (1995) “Nutrition, Lipids, Health, and Disease” Proceedings of the UNESCO/Confederation of Scientific and Technological Associations in Malaysia, and the Society for Free Radical Research—Asia, held Sep. 1-3, 1994 at Penang, Malaysia, AOCS Press: Champaign, Ill. X, 374 S).

[0040] Thiamin (vitamin B₁) is produced by the chemical coupling of pyrimidine and thiazole moieties. Riboflavin (vitamin B₂) is synthesized from guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP) and ribose-5′-phosphate. Riboflavin, in turn, is utilized for the synthesis of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). The family of compounds collectively termed ‘vitamin B₆’ (e.g., pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, pyridoxa-5′-phosphate, and the commercially used pyridoxin hydrochloride) are all derivatives of the common structural unit, 5-hydroxy-6-methylpyridine. Pantothenate (pantothenic acid, (R)-(+)—N-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-â-alanine) can be produced either by chemical synthesis or by fermentation. The final steps in pantothenate biosynthesis consist of the ATP-driven condensation of â-alanine and pantoic acid. The enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis steps for the conversion to pantoic acid, to â-alanine and for the condensation to panthotenic acid are known. The metabolically active form of pantothenate is Coenzyme A, for which the biosynthesis proceeds in 5 enzymatic steps. Pantothenate, pyridoxal-5′-phosphate, cysteine and ATP are the precursors of Coenzyme A. These enzymes not only catalyze the formation of panthothante, but also the production of (R)-pantoic acid, (R)-pantolacton, (R)-panthenol (provitamin B₅), pantetheine (and its derivatives) and coenzyme A.

[0041] Biotin biosynthesis from the precursor molecule pimeloyl-CoA in microorganisms has been studied in detail and several of the genes involved have been identified. Many of the corresponding proteins have been found to also be involved in Fe-cluster synthesis and are members of the nifS class of proteins. Lipoic acid is derived from octanoic acid, and serves as a coenzyme in energy metabolism, where it becomes part of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and the á-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. The folates are a group of substances which are all derivatives of folic acid, which is turn is derived from L-glutamic acid, p-amino-benzoic acid and 6-methylpterin. The biosynthesis of folic acid and its derivatives, starting from metabolism intermediates guanosine-5′-triphosphate (GTP), L-glutamic acid and p-amino-benzoic acid has been studied in detail in certain microorganisms.

[0042] Corrinoids (such as the cobalamines and particularly vitamin B₁₂) and porphyrines belong to a group of chemicals characterized by a tetrapyrole ring system. The biosynthesis of vitamin B₁₂ is sufficiently complex that it has not yet been completely characterized, but many of the enzymes and substrates involved are now known. Nicotinic acid (nicotinate), and nicotinamide are pyridine derivatives which are also termed ‘niacin’. Niacin is the precursor of the important coenzymes NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and their reduced forms.

[0043] The large-scale production of these compounds has largely relied on cell-free chemical syntheses, though some of these chemicals have also been produced by large-scale culture of microorganisms, such as riboflavin, Vitamin B₆, pantothenate, and biotin. Only Vitamin B₁₂ is produced solely by fermentation, due to the complexity of its synthesis. In vitro methodologies require significant inputs of materials and time, often at great cost.

[0044] C. Purine, Pyrimidine, Nucleoside and Nucleotide Metabolism and Uses

[0045] Purine and pyrimidine metabolism genes and their corresponding proteins are important targets for the therapy of tumor diseases and viral infections. The language “purine” or “pyrimidine” includes the nitrogenous bases which are constituents of nucleic acids, co-enzymes, and nucleotides. The term “nucleotide” includes the basic structural units of nucleic acid molecules, which are comprised of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar (in the case of RNA, the sugar is ribose; in the case of DNA, the sugar is D-deoxyribose), and phosphoric acid. The language “nucleoside” includes molecules which serve as precursors to nucleotides, but which are lacking the phosphoric acid moiety that nucleotides possess. By inhibiting the biosynthesis of these molecules, or their mobilization to form nucleic acid molecules, it is possible to inhibit RNA and DNA synthesis; by inhibiting this activity in a fashion targeted to cancerous cells, the ability of tumor cells to divide and replicate may be inhibited. Additionally, there are nucleotides which do not form nucleic acid molecules, but rather serve as energy stores (i.e., AMP) or as coenzymes (i.e., FAD and NAD).

[0046] Several publications have described the use of these chemicals for these medical indications, by influencing purine and/or pyrimidine metabolism (e.g. Christopherson, R. I. and Lyons, S. D. (1990) “Potent inhibitors of de novo pyrimidine and purine biosynthesis as chemotherapeutic agents.” Med. Res. Reviews 10: 505-548). Studies of enzymes involved in purine and pyrimidine metabolism have been focused on the development of new drugs which can be used, for example, as immunosuppressants or anti-proliferants (Smith, J. L., (1995) “Enzymes in nucleotide synthesis.” Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 5: 752-757; (1995) Biochem Soc. Transact. 23: 877-902). However, purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides and nucleotides have other utilities: as intermediates in the biosynthesis of several fine chemicals (e.g., thiamine, S-adenosyl-methionine, folates, or riboflavin), as energy carriers for the cell (e.g., ATP or GTP), and for chemicals themselves, commonly used as flavor enhancers (e.g., IMP or GMP) or for several medicinal applications (see, for example, Kuninaka, A. (1996) Nucleotides and Related Compounds in Biotechnology vol. 6, Rehm et al., eds. VCH: Weinheim, p. 561-612). Also, enzymes involved in purine, pyrimidine, nucleoside, or nucleotide metabolism are increasingly serving as targets against which chemicals for crop protection, including fungicides, herbicides and insecticides, are developed.

[0047] The metabolism of these compounds in bacteria has been characterized (for reviews see, for example, Zalkin, H. and Dixon, J. E. (1992) “de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis”, in: Progress in Nucleic Acid Research and Molecular Biology, vol. 42, Academic Press:, p. 259-287; and Michal, G. (1999) “Nucleotides and Nucleosides”, Chapter 8 in: Biochemical Pathways: An Atlas of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wiley: New York). Purine metabolism has been the subject of intensive research, and is essential to the normal functioning of the cell. Impaired purine metabolism in higher animals can cause severe disease, such as gout. Purine nucleotides are synthesized from ribose-5-phosphate, in a series of steps through the intermediate compound inosine-5′-phosphate (IMP), resulting in the production of guanosine-5′-monophosphate (GMP) or adenosine-5′-monophosphate (AMP), from which the triphosphate forms utilized as nucleotides are readily formed. These compounds are also utilized as energy stores, so their degradation provides energy for many different biochemical processes in the cell. Pyrimidine biosynthesis proceeds by the formation of uridine-5′-monophosphate (UMP) from ribose-5-phosphate. UMP, in turn, is converted to cytidine-5′-triphosphate (CTP) The deoxy-forms of all of these nucleotides are produced in a one step reduction reaction from the diphosphate ribose form of the nucleotide to the diphosphate deoxyribose form of the nucleotide. Upon phosphorylation, these molecules are able to participate in DNA synthesis.

[0048] D. Trehalose Metabolism and Uses

[0049] Trehalose consists of two glucose molecules, bound in á, á-1,1 linkage. It is commonly used in the food industry as a sweetener, an additive for dried or frozen foods, and in beverages. However, it also has applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and biotechnology industries (see, for example, Nishimoto et al., (1998) U.S. Pat. No. 5,759,610; Singer, M. A. and Lindquist, S. (1998) Trends Biotech. 16: 460-467; Paiva, C. L. A. and Panek, A. D. (1996) Biotech. Ann. Rev. 2: 293-314; and Shiosaka, M. (1997) J. Japan 172: 97-102). Trehalose is produced by enzymes from many microorganisms and is naturally released into the surrounding medium, from which it can be collected using methods known in the art.

[0050] II. Elements and Methods of the Invention

[0051] The present invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery of novel molecules, referred to herein as MP nucleic acid and protein molecules, which play a role in or function in one or more cellular metabolic pathways. In one embodiment, the MP molecules catalyze an enzymatic reaction involving one or more amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathways. In a preferred embodiment, the activity of the MP molecules of the present invention in one or more C. glutamicum metabolic pathways for amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides or trehalose has an impact on the production of a desired fine chemical by this organism. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the MP molecules of the invention are modulated in activity, such that the C. glutamicum metabolic pathways in which the MP proteins of the invention are involved are modulated in efficiency or output, which either directly or indirectly modulates the production or efficiency of production of a desired fine chemical by C. glutamicum. The MP molecules may be combined with other MP molecules of the same or different metabolic pathway to increase the yield of a desired fine chemical, preferred trehalose or an amino acid, more preferred lysine or methionine. Alternatively or in addition a byproduct which is not desired may be reduced by combination of disruption of MP molecules or other metabolic molecules. The MP molecules combined with other MP molecules of the same or a different pathway may be altered in their nucleotide and in the corresponding amino acid sequence in such a way that their activity is altered under physiological conditions which leads to an increase in productivity and/or yield of a desired fine chemical. In a further embodiment the MP molecule in its original or in its above described altered form may be combined with other MP molecules of the same or a different pathway wich are altered in their nucleotide sequence in such a way that their activity is altered under physiological conditions which leads to an increase in productivity and/or yield of a desired fine chemical. Preferred combinations are such which combine one ore both MP molecules of table1 with one ore more single or multipe copies of MP proteins of tables 4 and 5 or the respective published MP molecules of the same metabolic pathway (Methionine biosyntesis or trehalose/phosphoenolpyruvat way).

[0052] The language, “MP protein” or “MP polypeptide” includes proteins which play a role in, e.g., catalyze an enzymatic reaction, in one or more amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside or trehalose metabolic pathways. Examples of MP proteins include those encoded by the MP genes set forth in Table 1 and by the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs. The terms “MP gene” or “MP nucleic acid sequence” include nucleic acid sequences encoding an MP protein, which consist of a coding region and also corresponding untranslated 5′ and 3′ sequence regions. Examples of MP genes include those set forth in Table 1. The terms “production” or “productivity” are art-recognized and include the concentration of the fermentation product (for example, the desired fine chemical) formed within a given time and a given fermentation volume (e.g., kg product per hour per liter). The term “efficiency of production” includes the time required for a particular level of production to be achieved (for example, how long it takes for the cell to attain a particular rate of output of a fine chemical). The term “yield” or “product/carbon yield” is art-recognized and includes the efficiency of the conversion of the carbon source into the product (i.e., fine chemical). This is generally written as, for example, kg product per kg carbon source. By increasing the yield or production of the compound, the quantity of recovered molecules, or of useful recovered molecules of that compound in a given amount of culture over a given amount of time is increased. The terms “biosynthesis” or a “biosynthetic pathway” are art-recognized and include the synthesis of a compound, preferably an organic compound, by a cell from intermediate compounds in what may be a multistep and highly regulated process. The terms “degradation” or a “degradation pathway” are art-recognized and include the breakdown of a compound, preferably an organic compound, by a cell to degradation products (generally speaking, smaller or less complex molecules) in what may be a multistep and highly regulated process. The language “metabolism” is art-recognized and includes the totality of the biochemical reactions that take place in an organism. The metabolism of a particular compound, then, (e.g., the metabolism of an amino acid such as glycine) comprises the overall biosynthetic, modification, and degradation pathways in the cell related to this compound.

[0053] In another embodiment, the MP molecules of the invention are capable of modulating the production of a desired molecule, such as a fine chemical, in a microorganism such as C. glutamicum. Using recombinant genetic techniques, one or more of the biosynthetic or degradative enzymes of the invention for amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, or trehalose may be manipulated such that its function is modulated. For example, a biosynthetic enzyme may be improved in efficiency, or its allosteric control region destroyed such that feedback inhibition of production of the compound is prevented. Similarly, a degradative enzyme may be deleted or modified by substitution, deletion, or addition such that its degradative activity is lessened for the desired compound without impairing the viability of the cell. In each case, the overall yield or rate of production of one of these desired fine chemicals may be increased.

[0054] It is also possible that such alterations in the protein and nucleotide molecules of the invention may improve the production of other fine chemicals besides the amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, and trehalose. Metabolism of any one compound is necessarily intertwined with other biosynthetic and degradative pathways within the cell, and necessary cofactors, intermediates, or substrates in one pathway are likely supplied or limited by another such pathway. Therefore, by modulating the activity of one or more of the proteins of the invention, the production or efficiency of activity of another fine chemical biosynthetic or degradative pathway may be impacted. For example, amino acids serve as the structural units of all proteins, yet may be present intracellularly in levels which are limiting for protein synthesis; therefore, by increasing the efficiency of production or the yields of one or more amino acids within the cell, proteins, such as biosynthetic or degradative proteins, may be more readily synthesized. Likewise, an alteration in a metabolic pathway enzyme such that a particular side reaction becomes more or less favored may result in the over- or under-production of one or more compounds which are utilized as intermediates or substrates for the production of a desired fine chemical.

[0055] The isolated nucleic acid sequences of the invention are contained within the genome of a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain available through the American Type Culture Collection, given designation ATCC 13032. The nucleotide sequence of the isolated C. glutamicum MP DNAs and the predicted amino acid sequences of the C. glutamicum MP proteins are shown in the Sequence Listing as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs and even-numbered SEQ ID NOs, respectively. Computational analyses were performed which classified and/or identified these nucleotide sequences as sequences which encode metabolic pathway proteins.

[0056] The present invention also pertains to proteins which have an amino acid sequence which is substantially homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., the sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO of the Sequence Listing). As used herein, a protein which has an amino acid sequence which is substantially homologous to a selected amino acid sequence is least about 50% homologous to the selected amino acid sequence, e.g., the entire selected amino acid sequence. A protein which has an amino acid sequence which is substantially homologous to a selected amino acid sequence can also be least about 50-60%, preferably at least about 60-70%, and more preferably at least about 70-80%, 80-90%, or 90-95%, and most preferably at least about 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to the selected amino acid sequence.

[0057] The MP protein or a biologically active portion or fragment thereof of the invention can catalyze an enzymatic reaction in one or more amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathways, or have one or more of the activities set forth in Table 1.

[0058] Various aspects of the invention are described in further detail in the following subsections:

[0059] A. Isolated Nucleic Acid Molecules

[0060] One aspect of the invention pertains to isolated nucleic acid molecules that encode MP polypeptides or biologically active portions thereof, as well as nucleic acid fragments sufficient for use as hybridization probes or primers for the identification or amplification of MP-encoding nucleic acid (e.g., MP DNA). As used herein, the term “nucleic acid molecule” is intended to include DNA molecules (e.g., cDNA or genomic DNA) and RNA molecules (e.g., mRNA) and analogs of the DNA or RNA generated using nucleotide analogs. This term also encompasses untranslated sequence located at both the 3′ and 5′ ends of the coding region of the gene: at least about 100 nucleotides of sequence upstream from the 5′ end of the coding region and at least about 20 nucleotides of sequence downstream from the 3′end of the coding region of the gene. The nucleic acid molecule can be single-stranded or double-stranded, but preferably is double-stranded DNA. An “isolated” nucleic acid molecule is one which is separated from other nucleic acid molecules which are present in the natural source of the nucleic acid. Preferably, an “isolated” nucleic acid is free of sequences which naturally flank the nucleic acid (i.e., sequences located at the 5′ and 3′ ends of the nucleic acid) in the genomic DNA of the organism from which the nucleic acid is derived. For example, in various embodiments, the isolated MP nucleic acid molecule can contain less than about 5 kb, 4 kb, 3 kb, 2 kb, 1 kb, 0.5 kb or 0.1 kb of nucleotide sequences which naturally flank the nucleic acid molecule in genomic DNA of the cell from which the nucleic acid is derived (e.g, a C. glutamicum cell). Moreover, an “isolated” nucleic acid molecule, such as a DNA molecule, can be substantially free of other cellular material, or culture medium when produced by recombinant techniques, or chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized.

[0061] A nucleic acid molecule of the present invention, e.g., a nucleic acid molecule having a nucleotide sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO of the Sequence Listing, or a portion thereof, can be isolated using standard molecular biology techniques and the sequence information provided herein. For example, a C. glutamicum MP DNA can be isolated from a C. glutamicum library using all or portion of one of the odd-numbered SEQ ID NO sequences of the Sequence Listing as a hybridization probe and standard hybridization techniques (e.g., as described in Sambrook, J., Fritsh, E. F., and Maniatis, T. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd, ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989). Moreover, a nucleic acid molecule encompassing all or a portion of one of the nucleic acid sequences of the invention (e.g., an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO:) can be isolated by the polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers designed based upon this sequence (e.g., a nucleic acid molecule encompassing all or a portion of one of the nucleic acid sequences of the invention (e.g., an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO of the Sequence Listing) can be isolated by the polymerase chain reaction using oligonucleotide primers designed based upon this same sequence). For example, mRNA can be isolated from normal endothelial cells (e.g., by the guanidinium-thiocyanate extraction procedure of Chirgwin et al. (1979) Biochemistry 18: 5294-5299) and DNA can be prepared using reverse transcriptase (e.g., Moloney MLV reverse transcriptase, available from Gibco/BRL, Bethesda, Md.; or AMV reverse transcriptase, available from Seikagaku America, Inc., St. Petersburg, Fla.). Synthetic oligonucleotide primers for polymerase chain reaction amplification can be designed based upon one of the nucleotide sequences shown in the Sequence Listing. A nucleic acid of the invention can be amplified using cDNA or, alternatively, genomic DNA, as a template and appropriate oligonucleotide primers according to standard PCR amplification techniques. The nucleic acid so amplified can be cloned into an appropriate vector and characterized by DNA sequence analysis. Furthermore, oligonucleotides corresponding to an MP nucleotide sequence can be prepared by standard synthetic techniques, e.g., using an automated DNA synthesizer.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises one of the nucleotide sequences shown in the Sequence Listing. The nucleic acid sequences of the invention, as set forth in the Sequence Listing, correspond to the Corynebacterium glutamicum MP DNAs of the invention. This DNA comprises sequences encoding MP proteins (i.e., the “coding region”, indicated in each odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: sequence in the Sequence Listing), as well as 5′ untranslated sequences and 3′ untranslated sequences, also indicated in each odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: in the Sequence Listing. Alternatively, the nucleic acid molecule can comprise only the coding region of any of the nucleic acid sequences of the Sequence Listing.

[0063] In another preferred embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a nucleic acid molecule which is a complement of one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing), or a portion thereof. A nucleic acid molecule which is complementary to one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention is one which is sufficiently complementary to one of the nucleotide sequences shown in the Sequence Listing (e.g., the sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO:) such that it can hybridize to one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention, thereby forming a stable duplex.

[0064] In still another preferred embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a nucleotide sequence which is at least about 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, or 70%%, more preferably at least about 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, or 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, or 90%, or 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to a nucleotide sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing), or a portion thereof. Ranges and identity values intermediate to the above-recited ranges, (e.g., 70-90% identical or 80-95% identical) are also intended to be encompassed by the present invention. For example, ranges of identity values using a combination of any of the above values recited as upper and/or lower limits are intended to be included. In an additional preferred embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention comprises a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes, e.g., hybridizes under stringent conditions, to one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention, or a portion thereof.

[0065] Moreover, the nucleic acid molecule of the invention can comprise only a portion of the coding region of the sequence of one of the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, for example a fragment which can be used as a probe or primer or a fragment encoding a biologically active portion of an MP protein. The nucleotide sequences determined from the cloning of the MP genes from C. glutamicum allows for the generation of probes and primers designed for use in identifying and/or cloning MP homologues in other cell types and organisms, as well as MP homologues from other Corynebacteria or related species. The probe/primer typically comprises substantially purified oligonucleotide. The oligonucleotide typically comprises a region of nucleotide sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions to at least about 12, preferably about 25, more preferably about 40, 50 or 75 consecutive nucleotides of a sense strand of one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of one of the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing), an anti-sense sequence of one of these sequences, or naturally occurring mutants thereof. Primers based on a nucleotide sequence of the invention can be used in PCR reactions to clone MP homologues. Probes based on the MP nucleotide sequences can be used to detect transcripts or genomic sequences encoding the same or homologous proteins. In preferred embodiments, the probe further comprises a label group attached thereto, e.g. the label group can be a radioisotope, a fluorescent compound, an enzyme, or an enzyme co-factor. Such probes can be used as a part of a diagnostic test kit for identifying cells which misexpress an MP protein, such as by measuring a level of an MP-encoding nucleic acid in a sample of cells from a subject e.g., detecting MP mRNA levels or determining whether a genomic MP gene has been mutated or deleted.

[0066] In one embodiment, the nucleic acid molecule of the invention encodes a protein or portion thereof which includes an amino acid sequence which is sufficiently homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO of the Sequence Listing) such that the protein or portion thereof maintains the ability to catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway. As used herein, the language “sufficiently homologous” refers to proteins or portions thereof which have amino acid sequences which include a minimum number of identical or equivalent (e.g., an amino acid residue which has a similar side chain as an amino acid residue in a sequence of one of the even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing) amino acid residues to an amino acid sequence of the invention such that the protein or portion thereof is able to catalyze an enzymatic reaction in a C. glutamicum amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside or trehalose metabolic pathway. Protein members of such metabolic pathways, as described herein, function to catalyze the biosynthesis or degradation of one or more of: amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides, or trehalose. Examples of such activities are also described herein. Thus, “the function of an MP protein” contributes to the overall functioning of one or more such metabolic pathway and contributes, either directly or indirectly, to the yield, production, and/or efficiency of production of one or more fine chemicals. Examples of MP protein activities are set forth in Table 1.

[0067] In another embodiment, the protein is at least about 50-60%, preferably at least about 60-70%, and more preferably at least about 70-80%, 80-90%, 90-95%, and most preferably at least about 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing).

[0068] Portions of proteins encoded by the MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention are preferably biologically active portions of one of the MP proteins. As used herein, the term “biologically active portion of an MP protein” is intended to include a portion, e.g., a domain/motif, of an MP protein that catalyzes an enzymatic reaction in one or more C. glutamicum amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathways, or has an activity as set forth in Table 1. To determine whether an MP protein or a biologically active portion thereof can catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway, an assay of enzymatic activity may be performed. Such assay methods are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, as detailed in Example 8 of the Exemplification.

[0069] Additional nucleic acid fragments encoding biologically active portions of an MP protein can be prepared by isolating a portion of one of the amino acid sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing), expressing the encoded portion of the MP protein or peptide (e.g., by recombinant expression in vitro) and assessing the activity of the encoded portion of the MP protein or peptide.

[0070] The invention further encompasses nucleic acid molecules that differ from one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) (and portions thereof) due to degeneracy of the genetic code and thus encode the same MP protein as that encoded by the nucleotide sequences of the invention. In another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention has a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein having an amino acid sequence shown in the Sequence Listing (e.g., an even-numbered SEQ ID NO:). In a still further embodiment, the nucleic acid molecule of the invention encodes a full length C. glutamicum protein which is substantially homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (encoded by an open reading frame shown in an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing).

[0071] It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that in one embodiment the sequences of the invention are not meant to include the sequences of the prior art, such as those Genbank sequences set forth in Table 3 which were available prior to the present invention. In one embodiment, the invention includes nucleotide and amino acid sequences having a percent identity to a nucleotide or amino acid sequence of the invention which is greater than that of a sequence of the prior art, i.e the invention includes a nucleotide sequence which encodes a proteine sequence which is greater than and/or at least 71% identical to the proteine sequence designated SEQ ID NO:2 and/or a nucleotide sequence which encodes a proteine sequence which is greater than and/or at least 63% identical to the proteine sequence designated SEQ ID NO: 4. TABLE 3 Alignment results Gene name (identifier) Genbank hit Homology Reference metH GB_BA2:MTCY261 70.3% Cole et al. (1998) Mycobacterium Nature 393, tuberculosis H37Rv 537-544 Complete genome treS GB_BA2:MTCY261 62.4% Cole et al. (1998) Mycobacterium Nature 393, tuberculosis H37Rv 537-544 complete genome

[0072] One of ordinary skill in the art would be able to calculate the lower threshold of percent identity for any given sequence of the invention by examining the CLUSTAL-calculated percent identity scores set forth in Table 3 for each of the three top hits for the given sequence. One of ordinary skill in the art will also appreciate that nucleic acid and amino acid sequences having percent identities greater than the lower threshold so calculated (e.g., preferably at least about 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, or 70%, more preferably at least about 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, or 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, or 90%, or 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more identical) are also encompassed by the invention.

[0073] In addition to the C. glutamicum MP nucleotide sequences set forth in the Sequence Listing as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs, it will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that DNA sequence polymorphisms that lead to changes in the amino acid sequences of MP proteins may exist within a population (e.g., the C. glutamicum population). Such genetic polymorphism in the MP gene may exist among individuals within a population due to natural variation. As used herein, the terms “gene” and “recombinant gene” refer to nucleic acid molecules comprising an open reading frame encoding an MP protein, preferably a C. glutamicum MP protein. Such natural variations can typically result in 1-5% variance in the nucleotide sequence of the MP gene. Any and all such nucleotide variations and resulting amino acid polymorphisms in MP that are the result of natural variation and that do not alter the functional activity of MP proteins are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

[0074] Nucleic acid molecules corresponding to natural variants and non-C. glutamicum homologues of the C. glutamicum MP DNA of the invention can be isolated based on their homology to the C. glutamicum MP nucleic acid disclosed herein using the C. glutamicum DNA, or a portion thereof, as a hybridization probe according to standard hybridization techniques under stringent hybridization conditions. Accordingly, in another embodiment, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention is at least 15 nucleotides in length and hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing. In other embodiments, the nucleic acid is at least 30, 50, 100, 250 or more nucleotides in length. As used herein, the term “hybridizes under stringent conditions” is intended to describe conditions for hybridization and washing under which nucleotide sequences at least 60% homologous to each other typically remain hybridized to each other. Preferably, the conditions are such that sequences at least about 65%, more preferably at least about 70%, and even more preferably at least about 75% or more homologous to each other typically remain hybridized to each other. Such stringent conditions are known to one of ordinary skill in the art and can be found in Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, John Wiley & Sons, N.Y. (1989), 6.3.1-6.3.6. A preferred, non-limiting example of stringent hybridization conditions are hybridization in 6× sodium chloride/sodium citrate (SSC) at about 45° C., followed by one or more washes in 0.2×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 50-65° C. Preferably, an isolated nucleic acid molecule of the invention that hybridizes under stringent conditions to a nucleotide sequence of the invention corresponds to a naturally-occurring nucleic acid molecule. As used herein, a “naturally-occurring” nucleic acid molecule refers to an RNA or DNA molecule having a nucleotide sequence that occurs in nature (e.g., encodes a natural protein). In one embodiment, the nucleic acid encodes a natural C. glutamicum MP protein.

[0075] In addition to naturally-occurring variants of the MP sequence that may exist in the population, one of ordinary skill in the art will further appreciate that changes can be introduced by mutation into a nucleotide sequence of the invention, thereby leading to changes in the amino acid sequence of the encoded MP protein, without altering the functional ability of the MP protein. For example, nucleotide substitutions leading to amino acid substitutions at “non-essential” amino acid residues can be made in a nucleotide sequence of the invention. A “non-essential” amino acid residue is a residue that can be altered from the wild-type sequence of one of the MP proteins (e.g., an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) without altering the activity of said MP protein, whereas an “essential” amino acid residue is required for MP protein activity. Other amino acid residues, however, (e.g., those that are not conserved or only semi-conserved in the domain having MP activity) may not be essential for activity and thus are likely to be amenable to alteration without altering MP activity.

[0076] Accordingly, another aspect of the invention pertains to nucleic acid molecules encoding MP proteins that contain changes in amino acid residues that are not essential for MP activity. Such MP proteins differ in amino acid sequence from a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing yet retain at least one of the MP activities described herein. In one embodiment, the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a protein, wherein the protein comprises an amino acid sequence at least about 50% homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention and is capable of catalyzing an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway, or has one or more activities set forth in Table 1. Preferably, the protein encoded by the nucleic acid molecule is at least about 50-60% homologous to the amino acid sequence of one of the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, more preferably at least about 60-70% homologous to one of these sequences, even more preferably at least about 70-80%, 80-90%, 90-95% homologous to one of these sequences, and most preferably at least about 96%, 97%, 98%, or 99% homologous to one of the amino acid sequences of the invention.

[0077] To determine the percent homology of two amino acid sequences (e.g., one of the amino acid sequences of the invention and a mutant form thereof) or of two nucleic acids, the sequences are aligned for optimal comparison purposes (e.g., gaps can be introduced in the sequence of one protein or nucleic acid for optimal alignment with the other protein or nucleic acid). The amino acid residues or nucleotides at corresponding amino acid positions or nucleotide positions are then compared. When a position in one sequence (e.g., one of the amino acid sequences of the invention) is occupied by the same amino acid residue or nucleotide as the corresponding position in the other sequence (e.g., a mutant form of the amino acid sequence), then the molecules are homologous at that position (i.e., as used herein amino acid or nucleic acid “homology” is equivalent to amino acid or nucleic acid “identity”). The percent homology between the two sequences is a function of the number of identical positions shared by the sequences (i.e., % homology=# of identical positions/total # of positions×100).

[0078] An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding an MP protein homologous to a protein sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) can be created by introducing one or more nucleotide substitutions, additions or deletions into a nucleotide sequence of the invention such that one or more amino acid substitutions, additions or deletions are introduced into the encoded protein. Mutations can be introduced into one of the nucleotide sequences of the invention by standard techniques, such as site-directed mutagenesis and PCR-mediated mutagenesis. Preferably, conservative amino acid substitutions are made at one or more predicted non-essential amino acid residues. A “conservative amino acid substitution” is one in which the amino acid residue is replaced with an amino acid residue having a similar side chain. Families of amino acid residues having similar side chains have been defined in the art. These families include amino acids with basic side chains (e.g., lysine, arginine, histidine), acidic side chains (e.g., aspartic acid, glutamic acid), uncharged polar side chains (e.g., glycine, asparagine, glutamine, serine, threonine, tyrosine, cysteine), nonpolar side chains (e.g., alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, methionine, tryptophan), beta-branched side chains (e.g., threonine, valine, isoleucine) and aromatic side chains (e.g., tyrosine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, histidine). Thus, a predicted nonessential amino acid residue in an MP protein is preferably replaced with another amino acid residue from the same side chain family. Alternatively, in another embodiment, mutations can be introduced randomly along all or part of an MP coding sequence, such as by saturation mutagenesis, and the resultant mutants can be screened for an MP activity described herein to identify mutants that retain MP activity. Following mutagenesis of the nucleotide sequence of one of the odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, the encoded protein can be expressed recombinantly and the activity of the protein can be determined using, for example, assays described herein (see Example 8 of the Exemplification).

[0079] In addition to the nucleic acid molecules encoding MP proteins described above, another aspect of the invention pertains to isolated nucleic acid molecules which are antisense thereto. An “antisense” nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence which is complementary to a “sense” nucleic acid encoding a protein, e.g., complementary to the coding strand of a double-stranded DNA molecule or complementary to an mRNA sequence. Accordingly, an antisense nucleic acid can hydrogen bond to a sense nucleic acid. The antisense nucleic acid can be complementary to an entire MP coding strand, or to only a portion thereof. In one embodiment, an antisense nucleic acid molecule is antisense to a “coding region” of the coding strand of a nucleotide sequence encoding an MP protein. The term “coding region” refers to the region of the nucleotide sequence comprising codons which are translated into amino acid residues. In another embodiment, the antisense nucleic acid molecule is antisense to a “noncoding region” of the coding strand of a nucleotide sequence encoding MP. The term “noncoding region” refers to 5′ and 3′ sequences which flank the coding region that are not translated into amino acids (i.e., also referred to as 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions).

[0080] Given the coding strand sequences encoding MP disclosed herein (e.g., the sequences set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs in the Sequence Listing), antisense nucleic acids of the invention can be designed according to the rules of Watson and Crick base pairing. The antisense nucleic acid molecule can be complementary to the entire coding region of MP mRNA, but more preferably is an oligonucleotide which is antisense to only a portion of the coding or noncoding region of MP mRNA. For example, the antisense oligonucleotide can be complementary to the region surrounding the translation start site of MP mRNA. An antisense oligonucleotide can be, for example, about 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 or 50 nucleotides in length. An antisense nucleic acid of the invention can be constructed using chemical synthesis and enzymatic ligation reactions using procedures known in the art. For example, an antisense nucleic acid (e.g., an antisense oligonucleotide) can be chemically synthesized using naturally occurring nucleotides or variously modified nucleotides designed to increase the biological stability of the molecules or to increase the physical stability of the duplex formed between the antisense and sense nucleic acids, e.g., phosphorothioate derivatives and acridine substituted nucleotides can be used. Examples of modified nucleotides which can be used to generate the antisense nucleic acid include 5-fluorouracil, 5-bromouracil, 5-chlorouracil, 5-iodouracil, hypoxanthine, xanthine, 4-acetylcytosine, 5-(carboxyhydroxylmethyl) uracil, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine, 5-carboxymethylaminomethyluracil, dihydrouracil, beta-D-galactosylqueosine, inosine, N6-isopentenyladenine, 1-methylguanine, 1-methylinosine, 2,2-dimethylguanine, 2-methyladenine, 2-methylguanine, 3-methylcytosine, 5-methylcytosine, N6-adenine, 7-methylguanine, 5-methylaminomethyluracil, 5-methoxyaminomethyl-2-thiouracil, beta-D-mannosylqueosine, 5′-methoxycarboxymethyluracil, 5-methoxyuracil, 2-methylthio-N-6-isopentenyladenine, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid (v), wybutoxosine, pseudouracil, queosine, 2-thiocytosine, 5-methyl-2-thiouracil, 2-thiouracil, 4-thiouracil, 5-methyluracil, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid methylester, uracil-5-oxyacetic acid (v), 5-methyl-2-thiouracil, 3-(3-amino-3-N-2-carboxypropyl) uracil, (acp3)w, and 2,6-diaminopurine. Alternatively, the antisense nucleic acid can be produced biologically using an expression vector into which a nucleic acid has been subcloned in an antisense orientation (i.e., RNA transcribed from the inserted nucleic acid will be of an antisense orientation to a target nucleic acid of interest, described further in the following subsection).

[0081] The antisense nucleic acid molecules of the invention are typically administered to a cell or generated in situ such that they hybridize with or bind to cellular mRNA and/or genomic DNA encoding an MP protein to thereby inhibit expression of the protein, e.g., by inhibiting transcription and/or translation. The hybridization can be by conventional nucleotide complementarity to form a stable duplex, or, for example, in the case of an antisense nucleic acid molecule which binds to DNA duplexes, through specific interactions in the major groove of the double helix. The antisense molecule can be modified such that it specifically binds to a receptor or an antigen expressed on a selected cell surface, e.g., by linking the antisense nucleic acid molecule to a peptide or an antibody which binds to a cell surface receptor or antigen. The antisense nucleic acid molecule can also be delivered to cells using the vectors described herein. To achieve sufficient intracellular concentrations of the antisense molecules, vector constructs in which the antisense nucleic acid molecule is placed under the control of a strong prokaryotic, viral, or eukaryotic promoter are preferred.

[0082] In yet another embodiment, the antisense nucleic acid molecule of the invention is an α-anomeric nucleic acid molecule. An anomeric nucleic acid molecule forms specific double-stranded hybrids with complementary RNA in which, contrary to the usual β-units, the strands run parallel to each other (Gaultier et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids. Res. 15:6625-6641). The antisense nucleic acid molecule can also comprise a 2′-o-methylribonucleotide (Inoue et al. (1987) Nucleic Acids Res. 15:6131-6148) or a chimeric RNA-DNA analogue (Inoue et al. (1987) FEBS Lett. 215:327-330).

[0083] In still another embodiment, an antisense nucleic acid of the invention is a ribozyme. Ribozymes are catalytic RNA molecules with ribonuclease activity which are capable of cleaving a single-stranded nucleic acid, such as an mRNA, to which they have a complementary region. Thus, ribozymes (e.g., hammerhead ribozymes (described in Haselhoff and Gerlach (1988) Nature 334:585-591)) can be used to catalytically cleave MP mRNA transcripts to thereby inhibit translation of MP mRNA. A ribozyme having specificity for an MP-encoding nucleic acid can be designed based upon the nucleotide sequence of an MP DNA disclosed herein (i.e., SEQ ID NO: 1 (RXA02229). For example, a derivative of a Tetrahymena L-19 IVS RNA can be constructed in which the nucleotide sequence of the active site is complementary to the nucleotide sequence to be cleaved in an MP-encoding mRNA. See, e.g., Cech et al. U.S. Pat. No. 4,987,071 and Cech et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,116,742. Alternatively, MP mRNA can be used to select a catalytic RNA having a specific ribonuclease activity from a pool of RNA molecules. See, e.g., Bartel, D. and Szostak, J. W. (1993) Science 261:1411-1418.

[0084] Alternatively, MP gene expression can be inhibited by targeting nucleotide sequences complementary to the regulatory region of an MP nucleotide sequence (e.g., an MP promoter and/or enhancers) to form triple helical structures that prevent transcription of an MP gene in target cells. See generally, Helene, C. (1991) Anticancer Drug Des. 6(6):569-84; Helene, C. et al. (1992) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 660:27-36; and Maher, L. J. (1992) Bioassays 14(12):807-15.

[0085] Another aspect of the invention pertains combinations of gene in the methionine and/or lysine metabolism. Preferred combinations are the combination of metZ with metC, metB (encoding Cystathionine-Synthase), metA (encoding homoserine-o-acetyltransferase), metE (encoding Methionine Synthase), metH (encoding Methionine Synthase, herein designated as SEQ ID No: 1), hom (encoding homoserine dehydrogenase), asd (encoding aspartatesemialdehyd dehydrogenase), ask (encoding aspartokinase) and rxa00657 (table 4). TABLE 4 Genes in the Application Nucleic Acid Amino Acid Gene Function SEQ ID NO SEQ ID NO (identifier) Function 5 6 MetZ Acetylhomoserine sulfhydrolase 7 8 RXA00657

[0086] It may be that all of the genes are expressed in a host strain. But it is also possible that only a part of the mentioned genes is chosen, e.g. metZ and metA, or metZ, metA, metH and hom or any other of the possible combinations. The genes may be altered in their nucleotide and in the corresponding amino acid sequence resulting in derivatives in such a way that their activity is altered under physiological conditions which leads to an increase in productivity and/or yield of a desired fine chemical. One class of such alterations or derivatives is well known for the nucleotide sequence of the ask gene encoding aspartokinase. These alterations lead to removal of feed back inhibition by the amino acids lysine and threonine and subsequently to lysine overproduction. In a preferred embodiment the metH gene or altered forms of the metH gene are used in a Corynebacterium strain in combination with ask, hom, metA and metZ or derivatives of these genes. In another preferred embodiment metH or altered forms of the metH gene are used in a Corynebacterium strain in combination with ask, hom, metA, metZ and metE or derivatives of these genes. In a more preferred embodiment the gene combinations metH or altered forms of the metH gene are combined with ask, hom, metA and metZ or derivatives of these genes, or metH is combined with ask, hom, metA, metZ and metE or derivatives of these genes in a Corynebacterium strain and sulfur sources like sulfates, thiosulfates, sulfites and also more reduced sulfur sources like H₂S and sulfides and derivatives are used in the growth medium. Also sulfur sources like methyl mercaptan, methanesulfonic acid, thioglycolates, thiocyanates, thiourea, sulfur containing amino acids like cysteine and other sulfur containing compounds can be fed. Another aspect of the invention pertains to the use of the above mentioned gene combinations in a Corynebacterium strain wich is before or after introduction of the genes mutagenized by radiation or by well known mutagenic chemicals and selected for resistancy against high concentrations of the fine chmical of interest, e.g. lysine or methionine or anologes of the desired fine chemical like the methionine analogons ethionine or methyl methionine or others. In another embodiment the gene combinations mentioned above can be expressed in a Corynebacterium strain having particular gene disruptions. Preferred are gene diruptions that encode proteins that favor carbon flux to undesired metabolites. In case methionine is the desired fine chemical the formation of lysine may be unfavorable. In such a case the combination of the above mentioned genes should proceed in a Corynebacterium strain bearing a gene disruption of the lysA gene (encoding diaminopimelate decarboxylase) or the ddh gene (encoding the meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase catalysing the conversion of tetrahydropicolinate to meso-diaominopimelate). In a preferred embodiment a favorable combination of the above mentioned genes are all altered in such a way that their gene products are not feed back inhibited by endproducts or metabolites of the biosynthetic pathway leading to the desired fine chemical. In the case that the desired fine chemical is methionine, the gene combinations may be expressed in a strain previously treated with mutagenic agents or radiation and selected for the above mentioned resistancies. Additionally the strain should be grown in a growth medium containing one or ore of the above mentioned sulfur sources.

[0087] Another aspect of the invention pertains combinations of genes involved in the metabolism of trehalose and the combination of genes involved in the metabolism of trehalose and other mono-, oligo- or polymeric saccharides. Preferred are combinations of the gene for trehalose synthase (herein designated as SEQ ID No: 3) with genes disclosed in table 5.

[0088] Another aspect of the invention is the combination of the gene for trehalose synthase with genes involved in saccharide import, as e.g. the genes for the PTS system (as disclosed in table 5), other saccharide transport systems or proteins facilitating saccharide efflux from the cell into the surrounding environment. TABLE 5 PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE: SUGAR PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE SYSTEM Amino Nucleotide Acid SEQ SEQ Identification ID NO ID NO code Function 9 10 RXS00315 PTS SYSTEM, SUCROSE-SPECIFIC IIABC COMPONENT (EIIABC SCR) (SUCROSE-PERMEASE IIABC COMPONENT(PHOSPHO- TRANSFERASE ENZYME II, ABC COMPONENT) (EC 2.7.1.69) 11 12 RXN01299 PTS SYSTEM, FRUCTOSE-SPECIFIC IIBC COMPONENT (EC 2.7.1.69) 13 14 RXA00951 PTS SYSTEM, MANNITOL (CRYPTIC)-SPECIFIC IIA COMPO- NENT (EIIA-(C)MTL) (MANNITOL (CRYPTIC)-PERMEASE IIA COMPONENT) (PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE ENZYME II, A COM- PONENT) (EC 2.7.1.69) 15 16 RXN01244 PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE-PROTEIN PHOSPHOTRANSFE- RASE (EC 2.7.3.9) 17 18 RXA01300 PHOSPHOCARRIERPROTEIN HPR 19 20 RXN03002 PTS SYSTEM, MANNITOL (CRYPTIC)-SPECIFIC IIA COMPO- NENT (EHA-(C)MTL) (MANNITOL (CRYPTIC)-PERMEASE IIA COMPONENT) (PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE ENZYME II, A COM- PONENT) (EC 2.7.1.69) 21 22 RXC00953 Membrane Spanning Protein involved in PTS system 23 24 RXC03001 Membrane Spanning Protein involved in PTS system 25 26 RXN01943 PTS SYSTEM, GLUCOSE-SPECIFIC IIABC COMPONENT (EC 2.7.1.69) 27 28 RXA01503 PTS SYSTEM, BETA-GLUCOSIDES-SPECIFIC IIABC COMPO- NENT (EHABC-BGL) (BETA-GLUCOSIDES-PERMEASE IIABC COMPONENT) (PHOSPHOTRANSFERASE ENZYME II, ABC COMPONENT) (EC 2.7.1.69) Trehalose Nucleic Amino Acid Acid SEQ SEQ Identification ID NO ID NO code Function 29 30 RXN00351 ALPHA,ALPHA-TREHALOSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (UDP-FORMING) 56 KD SUBUNIT (EC 2.4.1.15) 31 32 RXA00347 TREHALOSE-PHOSPHATASE (EC 3.1.3.12) 33 34 RXN01239 maltooligosyltrehalose synthase 35 36 RXA02645 maltooligosyltrehalose trehalohydrolase 37 38 RXN02355 TREHALOSE/MALTOSE BINDING PROTEIN 39 40 RXN02909 Hypothetical Trehalose-Binding Protein 41 42 RX500349 Hypothetical Trehalose Transport Protein 43 44 RXS03183 TREHALOSE/MALTOSE BINDING PROTEIN 45 46 RXC00874 transmebrane protein involved in trehalose metabolism

[0089] Another aspect of the invention pertains to the use of the above mentioned gene combinations in a Corynebacterium strain wich is before or after introduction of the genes mutagenized by radiation or by well known mutagenic chemicals and selected for resistancy against high concentrations of feedstock (as e.g. glucose or other saccharides) or the fine chemical of interest, e.g. trehalose or other saccharides.

[0090] In another embodiment the gene combinations mentioned above can be expressed in a Corynebacterium strain having particular gene disruptions or gene attenuations (i.e. genes which biological activity is reduced compared to the normal level). Preferred are disruptions or attenuations of genes that encode proteins that favor carbon flux to metabolic pathways which do not lead to the desired fine chemical. In case of trehalose being the desired fine chemical, such less desired metabolic pathways may be e.g. glycolysis or pentose phosphate cycle.

[0091] B. Recombinant Expression Vectors and Host Cells

[0092] Another aspect of the invention pertains to vectors, preferably expression vectors, containing a nucleic acid encoding an MP protein (or a portion thereof) or combinations of genes wherein at least one gene encodes for an MP protein. As used herein, the term “vector” refers to a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another nucleic acid to which it has been linked. One type of vector is a “plasmid”, which refers to a circular double stranded DNA loop into which additional DNA segments can be ligated. Another type of vector is a viral vector, wherein additional DNA segments can be ligated into the viral genome. Certain vectors are capable of autonomous replication in a host cell into which they are introduced (e.g., bacterial vectors having a bacterial origin of replication and episomal mammalian vectors). Other vectors (e.g., non-episomal mammalian vectors) are integrated into the genome of a host cell upon introduction into the host cell, and thereby are replicated along with the host genome. Moreover, certain vectors are capable of directing the expression of genes to which they are operatively linked. Such vectors are referred to herein as “expression vectors”. In general, expression vectors of utility in recombinant DNA techniques are often in the form of plasmids. In the present specification, “plasmid” and “vector” can be used interchangeably as the plasmid is the most commonly used form of vector. However, the invention is intended to include such other forms of expression vectors, such as viral vectors (e.g., replication defective retroviruses, adenoviruses and adeno-associated viruses), which serve equivalent functions.

[0093] The recombinant expression vectors of the invention comprise a nucleic acid of the invention in a form suitable for expression of the nucleic acid in a host cell, which means that the recombinant expression vectors include one or more regulatory sequences, selected on the basis of the host cells to be used for expression, which is operatively linked to the nucleic acid sequence to be expressed. Within a recombinant expression vector, “operably linked” is intended to mean that the nucleotide sequence of interest is linked to the regulatory sequence(s) in a manner which allows for expression of the nucleotide sequence (e.g., in an in vitro transcription/translation system or in a host cell when the vector is introduced into the host cell). The term “regulatory sequence” is intended to include promoters, repressor binding sites, activator binding sites, enhancers and other expression control elements (e.g., terminators, polyadenylation signals, or other elements of mRNA secondary structure). Such regulatory sequences are described, for example, in Goeddel; Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990). Regulatory sequences include those which direct constitutive expression of a nucleotide sequence in many types of host cell and those which direct expression of the nucleotide sequence only in certain host cells. Preferred regulatory sequences are, for example, promoters such as cos-, tac-, trp-, tet-, trp-tet-, lpp-, lac-, lpp-lac-, laciq-, T7-, T5-, T3-, gal-, trc-, ara-, SP6-, arny, SPO₂, ë-P_(R)- or ë P_(L), which are used preferably in bacteria. Additional regulatory sequences are, for example, promoters from yeasts and fungi, such as ADCl, MFá, AC, P-60, CYC1, GAPDH, TEF, rp28, ADH, promoters from plants such as CaMV/35S, SSU, OCS, lib4, usp, STLS1, B33, nos or ubiquitin- or phaseolin-promoters. It is also possible to use artificial promoters. It will be appreciated by one of ordinary skill in the art that the design of the expression vector can depend on such factors as the choice of the host cell to be transformed, the level of expression of protein desired, etc. The expression vectors of the invention can be introduced into host cells to thereby produce proteins or peptides, including fusion proteins or peptides, encoded by nucleic acids as described herein (e.g., MP proteins, mutant forms of MP proteins, fusion proteins, etc.).

[0094] The recombinant expression vectors of the invention can be designed for expression of MP proteins in prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells. For example, MP genes can be expressed in bacterial cells such as C. glutamicum, insect cells (using baculovirus expression vectors), yeast and other fungal cells (see Romanos, M. A. et al. (1992) “Foreign gene expression in yeast: a review”, Yeast 8: 423-488; van den Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. et al. (1991) “Heterologous gene expression in filamentous fungi” in: More Gene Manipulations in Fungi, J. W. Bennet & L. L. Lasure, eds., p. 396-428: Academic Press: San Diego; and van den Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. & Punt, P. J. (1991) “Gene transfer systems and vector development for filamentous fungi, in: Applied Molecular Genetics of Fungi, Peberdy, J. F. et al., eds., p. 1-28, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge), algae and multicellular plant cells (see Schmidt, R. and Willmitzer, L. (1988) High efficiency Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana leaf and cotyledon explants” Plant Cell Rep.: 583-586), or mammalian cells. Suitable host cells are discussed further in Goeddel, Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990). Alternatively, the recombinant expression vector can be transcribed and translated in vitro, for example using T7 promoter regulatory sequences and T7 polymerase.

[0095] Expression of proteins in prokaryotes is most often carried out with vectors containing constitutive or inducible promoters directing the expression of either fusion or non-fusion proteins. Fusion vectors add a number of amino acids to a protein encoded therein, usually to the amino terminus of the recombinant protein but also to the C-terminus or fused within suitable regions in the proteins. Such fusion vectors typically serve three purposes: 1) to increase expression of recombinant protein; 2) to increase the solubility of the recombinant protein; and 3) to aid in the purification of the recombinant protein by acting as a ligand in affinity purification. Often, in fusion expression vectors, a proteolytic cleavage site is introduced at the junction of the fusion moiety and the recombinant protein to enable separation of the recombinant protein from the fusion moiety subsequent to purification of the fusion protein. Such enzymes, and their cognate recognition sequences, include Factor Xa, thrombin and enterokinase.

[0096] Typical fusion expression vectors include PGEX (Pharmacia Biotech Inc; Smith, D. B. and Johnson, K. S. (1988) Gene 67:31-40), pMAL (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.) and pRIT5 (Pharmacia, Piscataway, N.J.) which fuse glutathione S-transferase (GST), maltose E binding protein, or protein A, respectively, to the target recombinant protein. In one embodiment, the coding sequence of the MP protein is cloned into a PGEX expression vector to create a vector encoding a fusion protein comprising, from the N-terminus to the C-terminus, GST-thrombin cleavage site-X protein. The fusion protein can be purified by affinity chromatography using glutathione-agarose resin. Recombinant MP protein unfused to GST can be recovered by cleavage of the fusion protein with thrombin.

[0097] Examples of suitable inducible non-fusion E. coli expression vectors include pTrc (Amann et al., (1988) Gene 69:301-315) pLG338, pACYC184, pBR322, pUC18, pUC19, pKC30, pRep4, pHS1, pHS2, pPLc236, pMBL24, pLG200, pUR290, pIN-III113-B1, ëgt11, pBdCl, and pET 11d (Studier et al., Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990) 60-89; and Pouwels et al., eds. (1985) Cloning Vectors. Elsevier: New York IBSN 0 444 904018). Target gene expression from the pTrc vector relies on host RNA polymerase transcription from a hybrid trp-lac fusion promoter. Target gene expression from the pET 11d vector relies on transcription from a T7 gn10-lac fusion promoter mediated by a coexpressed viral RNA polymerase (T7 gn1). This viral polymerase is supplied by host strains BL21(DE3) or HMS174(DE3) from a resident λ prophage harboring a T7 gn1 gene under the transcriptional control of the lacUV 5 promoter. For transformation of other varieties of bacteria, appropriate vectors may be selected. For example, the plasmids pIJ101, pIJ364, pIJ702 and pIJ361 are known to be useful in transforming Streptomyces, while plasmids pUB110, pC194, or pBD214 are suited for transformation of Bacillus species. Several plasmids of use in the transfer of genetic information into Corynebacterium include pHM1519, pBL1, pSA77, or pAJ667 (Pouwels et al., eds. (1985) Cloning Vectors. Elsevier: New York IBSN 0 444 904018).

[0098] One strategy to maximize recombinant protein expression is to express the protein in a host bacteria with an impaired capacity to proteolytically cleave the recombinant protein (Gottesman, S., Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185, Academic Press, San Diego, Calif. (1990) 119-128). Another strategy is to alter the nucleic acid sequence of the nucleic acid to be inserted into an expression vector so that the individual codons for each amino acid are those preferentially utilized in the bacterium chosen for expression, such as C. glutamicum (Wada et al. (1992) Nucleic Acids Res. 20:2111-2118). Such alteration of nucleic acid sequences of the invention can be carried out by standard DNA synthesis techniques.

[0099] In another embodiment, the MP protein expression vector is a yeast expression vector. Examples of vectors for expression in yeast S. cerevisiae include pYepSec1 (Baldari, et al., (1987) Embo J. 6:229-234), , 2 i, pAG-1, Yep6, Yep13, pEMBLYe23, pMFa (Kurjan and Herskowitz, (1982) Cell 30:933-943), pJRY88 (Schultz et al., (1987) Gene 54:113-123), and pYES2 (Invitrogen Corporation, San Diego, Calif.). Vectors and methods for the construction of vectors appropriate for use in other fungi, such as the filamentous fungi, include those detailed in: van den Hondel, C. A. M. J. J. & Punt, P. J. (1991) “Gene transfer systems and vector development for filamentous fungi, in: Applied Molecular Genetics of Fungi, J. F. Peberdy, et al., eds., p. 1-28, Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, and Pouwels et al., eds. (1985) Cloning Vectors. Elsevier: New York (IBSN 0 444 904018).

[0100] Alternatively, the MP proteins of the invention can be expressed in insect cells using baculovirus expression vectors. Baculovirus vectors available for expression of proteins in cultured insect cells (e.g., Sf 9 cells) include the pAc series (Smith et al. (1983) Mol. Cell Biol. 3:2156-2165) and the pVL series (Lucklow and Summers (1989) Virology 170:31-39).

[0101] In another embodiment, the MP proteins of the invention may be expressed in unicellular plant cells (such as algae) or in plant cells from higher plants (e.g., the spermatophytes, such as crop plants). Examples of plant expression vectors include those detailed in: Becker, D., Kemper, E., Schell, J. and Masterson, R. (1992) “New plant binary vectors with selectable markers located proximal to the left border”, Plant Mol. Biol. 20: 1195-1197; and Bevan, M. W. (1984) “Binary Agrobacterium vectors for plant transformation”, Nucl. Acid. Res. 12: 8711-8721, and include LGV23, pGHlac+, pBIN19, pAK2004, and pDH51 (Pouwels et al., eds. (1985) Cloning Vectors. Elsevier: New York IBSN 0 444 904018).

[0102] In yet another embodiment, a nucleic acid of the invention is expressed in mammalian cells using a mammalian expression vector. Examples of mammalian expression vectors include pCDM8 (Seed, B. (1987) Nature 329:840) and pMT2PC (Kaufman et al. (1987) EMBO J. 6:187-195). When used in mammalian cells, the expression vector's control functions are often provided by viral regulatory elements. For example, commonly used promoters are derived from polyoma, Adenovirus 2, cytomegalovirus and Simian Virus 40. For other suitable expression systems for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells see chapters 16 and 17 of Sambrook, J., Fritsh, E. F., and Maniatis, T. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd, ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989.

[0103] In another embodiment, the recombinant mammalian expression vector is capable of directing expression of the nucleic acid preferentially in a particular cell type (e.g., tissue-specific regulatory elements are used to express the nucleic acid). Tissue-specific regulatory elements are known in the art. Non-limiting examples of suitable tissue-specific promoters include the albumin promoter (liver-specific; Pinkert et al. (1987) Genes Dev. 1:268-277), lymphoid-specific promoters (Calame and Eaton (1988) Adv. Immunol. 43:235-275), in particular promoters of T cell receptors (Winoto and Baltimore (1989) EMBO J. 8:729-733) and immunoglobulins (Banerji et al. (1983) Cell 33:729-740; Queen and Baltimore (1983) Cell 33:741-748), neuron-specific promoters (e.g., the neurofilament promoter; Byrne and Ruddle (1989) PNAS 86:5473-5477), pancreas-specific promoters (Edlund et al. (1985) Science 230:912-916), and mammary gland-specific promoters (e.g., milk whey promoter; U.S. Pat. No. 4,873,316 and European Application Publication No. 264,166). Developmentally-regulated promoters are also encompassed, for example the murine hox promoters (Kessel and Gruss (1990) Science 249:374-379) and the α-fetoprotein promoter (Campes and Tilghman (1989) Genes Dev. 3:537-546).

[0104] The invention further provides a recombinant expression vector comprising a DNA molecule of the invention cloned into the expression vector in an antisense orientation. That is, the DNA molecule is operatively linked to a regulatory sequence in a manner which allows for expression (by transcription of the DNA molecule) of an RNA molecule which is antisense to MP mRNA. Regulatory sequences operatively linked to a nucleic acid cloned in the antisense orientation can be chosen which direct the continuous expression of the antisense RNA molecule in a variety of cell types, for instance viral promoters and/or enhancers, or regulatory sequences can be chosen which direct constitutive, tissue specific or cell type specific expression of antisense RNA. The antisense expression vector can be in the form of a recombinant plasmid, phagemid or attenuated virus in which antisense nucleic acids are produced under the control of a high efficiency regulatory region, the activity of which can be determined by the cell type into which the vector is introduced. For a discussion of the regulation of gene expression using antisense genes see Weintraub, H. et al., Antisense RNA as a molecular tool for genetic analysis, Reviews—Trends in Genetics, Vol. 1(1) 1986.

[0105] Another aspect of the invention pertains to host cells into which a recombinant expression vector of the invention has been introduced. The terms “host cell” and “recombinant host cell” are used interchangeably herein. It is understood that such terms refer not only to the particular subject cell but to the progeny or potential progeny of such a cell. Because certain modifications may occur in succeeding generations due to either mutation or environmental influences, such progeny may not, in fact, be identical to the parent cell, but are still included within the scope of the term as used herein.

[0106] A host cell can be any prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. For example, an MP protein can be expressed in bacterial cells such as C. glutamicum, insect cells, yeast or mammalian cells (such as Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO) or COS cells). Other suitable host cells are known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Microorganisms related to Corynebacterium glutamicum which may be conveniently used as host cells for the nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention are set forth in Table 2.

[0107] Vector DNA can be introduced into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells via conventional transformation or transfection techniques. As used herein, the terms “transformation” and “transfection”, “conjugation” and “transduction” are intended to refer to a variety of art-recognized techniques for introducing foreign nucleic acid (e.g., linear DNA or RNA (e.g., a linearized vector or a gene construct alone without a vector) or nucleic acid in the form of a vector (e.g., a plasmid, phage, phasmid, phagemid, transposon or other DNA) into a host cell, including calcium phosphate or calcium chloride co-precipitation, DEAE-dextran-mediated transfection, lipofection, natural competence, chemical-mediated transfer, or electroporation. Suitable methods for transforming or transfecting host cells can be found in Sambrook, et al. (Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. 2nd, ed., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1989), and other laboratory manuals.

[0108] For stable transfection of mammalian cells, it is known that, depending upon the expression vector and transfection technique used, only a small fraction of cells may integrate the foreign DNA into their genome. In order to identify and select these integrants, a gene that encodes a selectable marker (e.g., resistance to antibiotics) is generally introduced into the host cells along with the gene of interest. Preferred selectable markers include those which confer resistance to drugs, such as G418, hygromycin and methotrexate. Nucleic acid encoding a selectable marker can be introduced into a host cell on the same vector as that encoding an MP protein or can be introduced on a separate vector. Cells stably transfected with the introduced nucleic acid can be identified by drug selection (e.g., cells that have incorporated the selectable marker gene will survive, while the other cells die).

[0109] To create a homologous recombinant microorganism, a vector is prepared which contains at least a portion of an MP gene into which a deletion, addition or substitution has been introduced to thereby alter, e.g., functionally disrupt, the MP gene.

[0110] Preferably, this MP gene is a Corynebacterium glutamicum MP gene, but it can be a homologue from a related bacterium or even from a mammalian, yeast, or insect source. In a preferred embodiment, the vector is designed such that, upon homologous recombination, the endogenous MP gene is functionally disrupted (i.e., no longer encodes a functional protein; also referred to as a “knock out” vector). Alternatively, the vector can be designed such that, upon homologous recombination, the endogenous MP gene is mutated or otherwise altered but still encodes functional protein (e.g., the upstream regulatory region can be altered to thereby alter the expression of the endogenous MP protein). In the homologous recombination vector, the altered portion of the MP gene is flanked at its 5′ and 3′ ends by additional nucleic acid of the MP gene to allow for homologous recombination to occur between the exogenous MP gene carried by the vector and an endogenous MP gene in a microorganism. The additional flanking MP nucleic acid is of sufficient length for successful homologous recombination with the endogenous gene. Typically, several kilobases of flanking DNA (both at the 5′ and 3′ ends) are included in the vector (see e.g., Thomas, K. R., and Capecchi, M. R. (1987) Cell 51: 503 for a description of homologous recombination vectors). The vector is introduced into a microorganism (e.g., by electroporation) and cells in which the introduced MP gene has homologously recombined with the endogenous MP gene are selected, using art-known techniques.

[0111] In another embodiment, recombinant microorganisms can be produced which contain selected systems which allow for regulated expression of the introduced gene. For example, inclusion of an MP gene on a vector placing it under control of the lac operon permits expression of the MP gene only in the presence of IPTG. Such regulatory systems are well known in the art.

[0112] In another embodiment, an endogenous MP gene in a host cell is disrupted (e.g., by homologous recombination or other genetic means known in the art) such that expression of its protein product does not occur. In another embodiment, an endogenous or introduced MP gene in a host cell has been altered by one or more point mutations, deletions, or inversions, but still encodes a functional MP protein. In still another embodiment, one or more of the regulatory regions (e.g., a promoter, repressor, or inducer) of an MP gene in a microorganism has been altered (e.g., by deletion, truncation, inversion, or point mutation) such that the expression of the MP gene is modulated. One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that host cells containing more than one of the described MP gene and protein modifications may be readily produced using the methods of the invention, and are meant to be included in the present invention.

[0113] A host cell of the invention, such as a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell in culture, can be used to produce (i.e., express) an MP protein. Accordingly, the invention further provides methods for producing MP proteins using the host cells of the invention. In one embodiment, the method comprises culturing the host cell of invention (into which a recombinant expression vector encoding an MP protein has been introduced, or into which genome has been introduced a gene encoding a wild-type or altered MP protein) in a suitable medium until MP protein is produced. In another embodiment, the method further comprises isolating MP proteins from the medium or the host cell.

[0114] C. Isolated MP Proteins

[0115] Another aspect of the invention pertains to isolated MP proteins, and biologically active portions thereof. An “isolated” or “purified” protein or biologically active portion thereof is substantially free of cellular material when produced by recombinant DNA techniques, or chemical precursors or other chemicals when chemically synthesized. The language “substantially free of cellular material” includes preparations of MP protein in which the protein is separated from cellular components of the cells in which it is naturally or recombinantly produced. In one embodiment, the language “substantially free of cellular material” includes preparations of MP protein having less than about 30% (by dry weight) of non-MP protein (also referred to herein as a “contaminating protein”), more preferably less than about 20% of non-MP protein, still more preferably less than about 10% of non-MP protein, and most preferably less than about 5% non-MP protein. When the MP protein or biologically active portion thereof is recombinantly produced, it is also preferably substantially free of culture medium, i.e., culture medium represents less than about 20%, more preferably less than about 10%, and most preferably less than about 5% of the volume of the protein preparation. The language “substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals” includes preparations of MP protein in which the protein is separated from chemical precursors or other chemicals which are involved in the synthesis of the protein. In one embodiment, the language “substantially free of chemical precursors or other chemicals” includes preparations of MP protein having less than about 30% (by dry weight) of chemical precursors or non-MP chemicals, more preferably less than about 20% chemical precursors or non-MP chemicals, still more preferably less than about 10% chemical precursors or non-MP chemicals, and most preferably less than about 5% chemical precursors or non-MP chemicals. In preferred embodiments, isolated proteins or biologically active portions thereof lack contaminating proteins from the same organism from which the MP protein is derived. Typically, such proteins are produced by recombinant expression of, for example, a C. glutamicum MP protein in a microorganism such as C. glutamicum.

[0116] An isolated MP protein or a portion thereof of the invention can catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway, or has one or more of the activities set forth in Table 1. In preferred embodiments, the protein or portion thereof comprises an amino acid sequence which is sufficiently homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) such that the protein or portion thereof maintains the ability to catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway. The portion of the protein is preferably a biologically active portion as described herein. In another preferred embodiment, an MP protein of the invention has an amino acid sequence set forth as an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing. In yet another preferred embodiment, the MP protein has an amino acid sequence which is encoded by a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes, e.g., hybridizes under stringent conditions, to a nucleotide sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an odd-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing). In still another preferred embodiment, the MP protein has an amino acid sequence which is encoded by a nucleotide sequence that is preferably at least about 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, or 70%, more preferably at least about 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, or 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, or 90%, or 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to one of the nucleic acid sequences of the invention, or a portion thereof. Ranges and identity values intermediate to the above-recited values, (e.g., 70-90% identical or 80-95% identical) are also intended to be encompassed by the present invention. For example, ranges of identity values using a combination of any of the above values recited as upper and/or lower limits are intended to be included. The preferred MP proteins of the present invention also preferably possess at least one of the MP activities described herein. For example, a preferred MP protein of the present invention includes an amino acid sequence encoded by a nucleotide sequence which hybridizes, e.g., hybridizes under stringent conditions, to a nucleotide sequence of the invention, and which can catalyze an enzymatic reaction in an amino acid, vitamin, cofactor, nutraceutical, nucleotide, nucleoside, or trehalose metabolic pathway, or which has one or more of the activities set forth in Table 1.

[0117] In other embodiments, the MP protein is substantially homologous to an amino acid sequence of the invention (e.g., a sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing) and retains the functional activity of the protein of one of the amino acid sequences of the invention yet differs in amino acid sequence due to natural variation or mutagenesis, as described in detail in subsection I above. Accordingly, in another embodiment, the MP protein is a protein which comprises an amino acid sequence which is preferably at least about 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, or 70%, more preferably at least about 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, or 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, or 90%, or 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, and even more preferably at least about 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99% or more homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention and which has at least one of the MP activities described herein. Ranges and identity values intermediate to the above-recited values, (e.g., 70-90% identical or 80-95% identical) are also intended to be encompassed by the present invention. For example, ranges of identity values using a combination of any of the above values recited as upper and/or lower limits are intended to be included. In another embodiment, the invention pertains to a full length C. glutamicum protein which is substantially homologous to an entire amino acid sequence of the invention.

[0118] Biologically active portions of an MP protein include peptides comprising amino acid sequences derived from the amino acid sequence of an MP protein, e.g., an amino acid sequence of an even-numbered SEQ ID NO: of the Sequence Listing or the amino acid sequence of a protein homologous to an MP protein, which include fewer amino acids than a full length MP protein or the full length protein which is homologous to an MP protein, and exhibit at least one activity of an MP protein. Typically, biologically active portions (peptides, e.g., peptides which are, for example, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 50, 100 or more amino acids in length) comprise a domain or motif with at least one activity of an MP protein. Moreover, other biologically active portions, in which other regions of the protein are deleted, can be prepared by recombinant techniques and evaluated for one or more of the activities described herein. Preferably, the biologically active portions of an MP protein include one or more selected domains/motifs or portions thereof having biological activity.

[0119] MP proteins are preferably produced by recombinant DNA techniques. For example, a nucleic acid molecule encoding the protein is cloned into an expression vector (as described above), the expression vector is introduced into a host cell (as described above) and the MP protein is expressed in the host cell. The MP protein can then be isolated from the cells by an appropriate purification scheme using standard protein purification techniques. Alternative to recombinant expression, an MP protein, polypeptide, or peptide can be synthesized chemically using standard peptide synthesis techniques. Moreover, native MP protein can be isolated from cells (e.g., endothelial cells), for example using an anti-MP antibody, which can be produced by standard techniques utilizing an MP protein or fragment thereof of this invention.

[0120] The invention also provides MP chimeric or fusion proteins. As used herein, an MP “chimeric protein” or “fusion protein” comprises an MP polypeptide operatively linked to a non-MP polypeptide. An “MP polypeptide” refers to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence corresponding to MP, whereas a “non-MP polypeptide” refers to a polypeptide having an amino acid sequence corresponding to a protein which is not substantially homologous to the MP protein, e.g., a protein which is different from the MP protein and which is derived from the same or a different organism. Within the fusion protein, the term “operatively linked” is intended to indicate that the MP polypeptide and the non-MP polypeptide are fused in-frame to each other. The non-MP polypeptide can be fused to the N-terminus or C-terminus of the MP polypeptide. For example, in one embodiment the fusion protein is a GST-MP fusion protein in which the MP sequences are fused to the C-terminus of the GST sequences. Such fusion proteins can facilitate the purification of recombinant MP proteins. In another embodiment, the fusion protein is an MP protein containing a heterologous signal sequence at its N-terminus. In certain host cells (e.g., mammalian host cells), expression and/or secretion of an MP protein can be increased through use of a heterologous signal sequence.

[0121] Preferably, an MP chimeric or fusion protein of the invention is produced by standard recombinant DNA techniques. For example, DNA fragments coding for the different polypeptide sequences are ligated together in-frame in accordance with conventional techniques, for example by employing blunt-ended or stagger-ended termini for ligation, restriction enzyme digestion to provide for appropriate termini, filling-in of cohesive ends as appropriate, alkaline phosphatase treatment to avoid undesirable joining, and enzymatic ligation. In another embodiment, the fusion gene can be synthesized by conventional techniques including automated DNA synthesizers. Alternatively, PCR amplification of gene fragments can be carried out using anchor primers which give rise to complementary overhangs between two consecutive gene fragments which can subsequently be annealed and reamplified to generate a chimeric gene sequence (see, for example, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, eds. Ausubel et al. John Wiley & Sons: 1992). Moreover, many expression vectors are commercially available that already encode a fusion moiety (e.g., a GST polypeptide). An MP-encoding nucleic acid can be cloned into such an expression vector such that the fusion moiety is linked in-frame to the MP protein.

[0122] Homologues of the MP protein can be generated by mutagenesis, e.g., discrete point mutation or truncation of the MP protein. As used herein, the term “homologue” refers to a variant form of the MP protein which acts as an agonist or antagonist of the activity of the MP protein. An agonist of the MP protein can retain substantially the same, or a subset, of the biological activities of the MP protein. An antagonist of the MP protein can inhibit one or more of the activities of the naturally occurring form of the MP protein, by, for example, competitively binding to a downstream or upstream member of the MP cascade which includes the MP protein. Thus, the C. glutamicum MP protein and homologues thereof of the present invention may modulate the activity of one or more metabolic pathways in which MP proteins play a role in this microorganism.

[0123] In an alternative embodiment, homologues of the MP protein can be identified by screening combinatorial libraries of mutants, e.g., truncation mutants, of the MP protein for MP protein agonist or antagonist activity. In one embodiment, a variegated library of MP variants is generated by combinatorial mutagenesis at the nucleic acid level and is encoded by a variegated gene library. A variegated library of MP variants can be produced by, for example, enzymatically ligating a mixture of synthetic oligonucleotides into gene sequences such that a degenerate set of potential MP sequences is expressible as individual polypeptides, or alternatively, as a set of larger fusion proteins (e.g., for phage display) containing the set of MP sequences therein. There are a variety of methods which can be used to produce libraries of potential MP homologues from a degenerate oligonucleotide sequence. Chemical synthesis of a degenerate gene sequence can be performed in an automatic DNA synthesizer, and the synthetic gene then ligated into an appropriate expression vector. Use of a degenerate set of genes allows for the provision, in one mixture, of all of the sequences encoding the desired set of potential MP sequences. Methods for synthesizing degenerate oligonucleotides are known in the art (see, e.g., Narang, S. A. (1983) Tetrahedron 39:3; Itakura et al. (1984) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 53:323; Itakura et al. (1984) Science 198:1056; Ike et al. (1983) Nucleic Acid Res. 11:477.

[0124] In addition, libraries of fragments of the MP protein coding can be used to generate a variegated population of MP fragments for screening and subsequent selection of homologues of an MP protein. In one embodiment, a library of coding sequence fragments can be generated by treating a double stranded PCR fragment of an MP coding sequence with a nuclease under conditions wherein nicking occurs only about once per molecule, denaturing the double stranded DNA, renaturing the DNA to form double stranded DNA which can include sense/antisense pairs from different nicked products, removing single stranded portions from reformed duplexes by treatment with S1 nuclease, and ligating the resulting fragment library into an expression vector. By this method, an expression library can be derived which encodes N-terminal, C-terminal and internal fragments of various sizes of the MP protein.

[0125] Several techniques are known in the art for screening gene products of combinatorial libraries made by point mutations or truncation, and for screening cDNA libraries for gene products having a selected property. Such techniques are adaptable for rapid screening of the gene libraries generated by the combinatorial mutagenesis of MP homologues. The most widely used techniques, which are amenable to high through-put analysis, for screening large gene libraries typically include cloning the gene library into replicable expression vectors, transforming appropriate cells with the resulting library of vectors, and expressing the combinatorial genes under conditions in which detection of a desired activity facilitates isolation of the vector encoding the gene whose product was detected. Recursive ensemble mutagenesis (REM), a new technique which enhances the frequency of functional mutants in the libraries, can be used in combination with the screening assays to identify MP homologues (Arkin and Yourvan (1992) PNAS 89:7811-7815; Delgrave et al. (1993) Protein Engineering 6(3):327-331).

[0126] In another embodiment, cell based assays can be exploited to analyze a variegated MP library, using methods well known in the art.

[0127] D. Uses and Methods of the Invention

[0128] The nucleic acid molecules, proteins, protein homologues, fusion proteins, primers, vectors, and host cells described herein can be used in one or more of the following methods: identification of C. glutamicum and related organisms; mapping of genomes of organisms related to C. glutamicum; identification and localization of C. glutamicum sequences of interest; evolutionary studies; determination of MP protein regions required for function; modulation of an MP protein activity; modulation of the activity of an MP pathway; and modulation of cellular production of a desired compound, such as a fine chemical. The MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention have a variety of uses. First, they may be used to identify an organism as being Corynebacterium glutamicum or a close relative thereof. Also, they may be used to identify the presence of C. glutamicum or a relative thereof in a mixed population of microorganisms. The invention provides the nucleic acid sequences of a number of C. glutamicum genes; by probing the extracted genomic DNA of a culture of a unique or mixed population of microorganisms under stringent conditions with a probe spanning a region of a C. glutamicum gene which is unique to this organism, one can ascertain whether this organism is present. Although Corynebacterium glutamicum itself is not pathogenic to humans, it is related to species which are human pathogens, such as Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Corynebacterium diphtheriae is the causative agent of diphtheria, a rapidly developing, acute, febrile infection which involves both local and systemic pathology. In this disease, a local lesion develops in the upper respiratory tract and involves necrotic injury to epithelial cells; the bacilli secrete toxin which is disseminated through this lesion to distal susceptible tissues of the body. Degenerative changes brought about by the inhibition of protein synthesis in these tissues, which include heart, muscle, peripheral nerves, adrenals, kidneys, liver and spleen, result in the systemic pathology of the disease. Diphtheria continues to have high incidence in many parts of the world, including Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and the independent states of the former Soviet Union. An ongoing epidemic of diphtheria in the latter two regions has resulted in at least 5,000 deaths since 1990.

[0129] In one embodiment, the invention provides a method of identifying the presence or activity of Cornyebacterium diphtheriae in a subject. This method includes detection of one or more of the nucleic acid or amino acid sequences of the invention (e.g., the sequences set forth as odd-numbered or even-numbered SEQ ID NOs, respectively, in the Sequence Listing) in a subject, thereby detecting the presence or activity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the subject. C. glutamicum and C. diphtheriae are related bacteria, and many of the nucleic acid and protein molecules in C. glutamicum are homologous to C. diphtheriae nucleic acid and protein molecules, and can therefore be used to detect C. diphtheriae in a subject.

[0130] The nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention may also serve as markers for specific regions of the genome. This has utility not only in the mapping of the genome, but also for functional studies of C. glutamicum proteins. For example, to identify the region of the genome to which a particular C. glutamicum DNA-binding protein binds, the C. glutamicum genome could be digested, and the fragments incubated with the DNA-binding protein. Those which bind the protein may be additionally probed with the nucleic acid molecules of the invention, preferably with readily detectable labels; binding of such a nucleic acid molecule to the genome fragment enables the localization of the fragment to the genome map of C. glutamicum, and, when performed multiple times with different enzymes, facilitates a rapid determination of the nucleic acid sequence to which the protein binds. Further, the nucleic acid molecules of the invention may be sufficiently homologous to the sequences of related species such that these nucleic acid molecules may serve as markers for the construction of a genomic map in related bacteria, such as Brevibacterium lactofermentum.

[0131] The MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention are also useful for evolutionary and protein structural studies. The metabolic processes in which the molecules of the invention participate are utilized by a wide variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; by comparing the sequences of the nucleic acid molecules of the present invention to those encoding similar enzymes from other organisms, the evolutionary relatedness of the organisms can be assessed. Similarly, such a comparison permits an assessment of which regions of the sequence are conserved and which are not, which may aid in determining those regions of the protein which are essential for the functioning of the enzyme. This type of determination is of value for protein engineering studies and may give an indication of what the protein can tolerate in terms of mutagenesis without losing function.

[0132] Manipulation of the MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention may result in the production of MP proteins having functional differences from the wild-type MP proteins. These proteins may be improved in efficiency or activity, may be present in greater numbers in the cell than is usual, or may be decreased in efficiency or activity.

[0133] The invention also provides methods for screening molecules which modulate the activity of an MP protein, either by interacting with the protein itself or a substrate or binding partner of the MP protein, or by modulating the transcription or translation of an MP nucleic acid molecule of the invention. In such methods, a microorganism expressing one or more MP proteins of the invention is contacted with one or more test compounds, and the effect of each test compound on the activity or level of expression of the MP protein is assessed.

[0134] When the desired fine chemical to be isolated from large-scale fermentative culture of C. glutamicum is an amino acid, a vitamin, a cofactor, a nutraceutical, a nucleotide, a nucleoside, or trehalose, modulation of the activity or efficiency of activity of one or more of the proteins of the invention by recombinant genetic mechanisms may directly impact the production of one of these fine chemicals. For example, in the case of an enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway for a desired amino acid, improvement in efficiency or activity of the enzyme (including the presence of multiple copies of the gene) should lead to an increased production or efficiency of production of that desired amino acid. In the case of an enzyme in a biosynthetic pathway for an amino acid whose synthesis is in competition with the synthesis of a desired amino acid, any decrease in the efficiency or activity of this enzyme (including deletion of the gene) should result in an increase in production or efficiency of production of the desired amino acid, due to decreased competition for intermediate compounds and/or energy. In the case of an enzyme in a degradation pathway for a desired amino acid, any decrease in efficiency or activity of the enzyme should result in a greater yield or efficiency of production of the desired product due to a decrease in its degradation. Lastly, mutagenesis of an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of a desired amino acid such that this enzyme is no longer is capable of feedback inhibition should result in increased yields or efficiency of production of the desired amino acid. The same should apply to the biosynthetic and degradative enzymes of the invention involved in the metabolism of vitamins, cofactors, nutraceuticals, nucleotides, nucleosides and trehalose.

[0135] Similarly, when the desired fine chemical is not one of the aforementioned compounds, the modulation of activity of one of the proteins of the invention may still impact the yield and/or efficiency of production of the compound from large-scale culture of C. glutamicum. The metabolic pathways of any organism are closely interconnected; the intermediate used by one pathway is often supplied by a different pathway. Enzyme expression and function may be regulated based on the cellular levels of a compound from a different metabolic process, and the cellular levels of molecules necessary for basic growth, such as amino acids and nucleotides, may critically affect the viability of the microorganism in large-scale culture. Thus, modulation of an amino acid biosynthesis enzyme, for example, such that it is no longer responsive to feedback inhibition or such that it is improved in efficiency or turnover may result in increased cellular levels of one or more amino acids. In turn, this increased pool of amino acids provides not only an increased supply of molecules necessary for protein synthesis, but also of molecules which are utilized as intermediates and precursors in a number of other biosynthetic pathways. If a particular amino acid had been limiting in the cell, its increased production might increase the ability of the cell to perform numerous other metabolic reactions, as well as enabling the cell to more efficiently produce proteins of all kinds, possibly increasing the overall growth rate or survival ability of the cell in large scale culture. Increased viability improves the number of cells capable of producing the desired fine chemical in fermentative culture, thereby increasing the yield of this compound. Similar processes are possible by the modulation of activity of a degradative enzyme of the invention such that the enzyme no longer catalyzes, or catalyzes less efficiently, the degradation of a cellular compound which is important for the biosynthesis of a desired compound, or which will enable the cell to grow and reproduce more efficiently in large-scale culture. It should be emphasized that optimizing the degradative activity or decreasing the biosynthetic activity of certain molecules of the invention may also have a beneficial effect on the production of certain fine chemicals from C. glutamicum. For example, by decreasing the efficiency of activity of a biosynthetic enzyme in a pathway which competes with the biosynthetic pathway of a desired compound for one or more intermediates, more of those intermediates should be available for conversion to the desired product. A similar situation may call for the improvement of degradative ability or efficiency of one or more proteins of the invention.

[0136] This aforementioned list of mutagenesis strategies for MP proteins to result in increased yields of a desired compound is not meant to be limiting; variations on these mutagenesis strategies will be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. By these mechanisms, the nucleic acid and protein molecules of the invention may be utilized to generate C. glutamicum or related strains of bacteria expressing mutated MP nucleic acid and protein molecules such that the yield, production, and/or efficiency of production of a desired compound is improved. This desired compound may be any natural product of C. glutamicum, which includes the final products of biosynthesis pathways and intermediates of naturally-occurring metabolic pathways, as well as molecules which do not naturally occur in the metabolism of C. glutamicum, but which are produced by a C. glutamicum strain of the invention. Preferred compounds to be produced by Corynebacterium glutamicum strains are trehalose and/or the amino acids L-lysine and L-methionine.

[0137] In one embodiment the metC gene encoding cystathionine â-lyase, the third enzyme in the methionine biosynthetic pathway, was isolated from Corynebacterium glutamicum. The translational product of the gene showed no significant homology with that of metC gene from other organisms. Introduction of the plasmid containing the metC gene into C. glutamicum resulted in 5-fold increase in the activity of cystathionine â-lyase. The protein product now designated MetC encoding a protein product of 35,574 Dalton consisted of 325 amino acids was identical to the previously reported aecD gene except the existence of two different amino acids. Like aecD gene, when present in multiple copies, metC gene conferred resistance to S-(â-aminoethyl)-cysteine which is a toxic lysine analog. However, genetic and biochemical evidences suggest that the natural activity of metC gene product is to mediate methionine biosynthesis in C. glutamicum. Mutant strains of metC were constructed and the strains showed methionine prototrophy. The mutant strains completely lost their ability to show resistance to S-(ã-aminoethyl)-cysteine. These results show that, in addition to the transsulfuration, another biosynthetic pathway—the direct sulfhydrylation pathway is functional in C. glutamicum as a parallel biosynthetic route for methionine.

[0138] In yet another embodiment it is also shown that the additional sulfhydrylation pathway is catalyzed by O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase. The presence of the pathway is demonstrated by the isolation of the corresponding metZ (or metY) gene and enzyme. Among the eukaryotes, fungi and yeast species have been reported to have both the transsulfuration and direct sulfhydrylation pathway (Marzluf, 1997). So far, no prokaryotic organism which possesses both pathways has been found. Unlike E. coli which only possesses single biosynthetic route for lysine, C. glutamicum possesses two parallel biosynthetic pathways for the amino acid. The biosynthetic pathway for methionine in C. glutamicum is analogous to that of lysine in that aspect.

[0139] The Gene metZ was found because it was located in the upstream region of metA. We sequenced regions upstream and downstream of metA—the gene encoding the enzyme catalysing the first step of methionine biosynthesis (Park, S.-D., Lee, J.-Y., Kim, Y., Kim, J.-H., and Lee, H.-S. (1998) Isolation and analysis of metA, a methionine biosynthetic gene encoding homoserine acetyltransferase in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol. Cells 8, 286-294)—to find possible other met genes. It appears that metZ and metA form an operon. Expression of the genes encoding MetA and MetZ leads to overproduction of the corresponding polypeptides as can shown by gel electrophoresis.

[0140] Surprisingly, metZ clones can complement methiononine auxotrophic Escherichia coli metB mutant strains. This shows that the protein product of metZ catalyzes a step that can bypass the step catalyzed by the protein product of metB.

[0141] MetZ was also disrupted and the mutant strain showed methionine prototrophy. Corynebacterium glutamicum metB and metZ double mutants were also constructed. The double mutant is auxotrophic for methionine. Thus, metZ encodes a protein catalysing the reaction from O-Acetyl-Homoserine to Homocysteine, which is one step in the sulfhydrylation pathway of methionine biosynthesis. Corynebacterium glutamicum contains both, the transsulfuration and the sulfhydrylation pathway of methionine biosynthesis.

[0142] Introduction of metZ into C. glutamicum resulted in the expression of a 47,000 Dalton protein. Combined introduction of metZ and metA in C. glutamicum resulted in the appearance of metA and metZ proteins as showed by gel electrophoresis. If the Corynebacterium strain is a lysine overproducer, introduction of a plasmid containing metZ and metA resulted in a lower lysine titer but accumulation of homocysteine and methionine is detected.

[0143] In another embodiment metZ and metA were introduced into Corynebacterium glutamicum strains together with the hom gene, encoding the homoserine dehydrogenase, catalysing the conversion from aspartate semialdehyde to homoserine. Different hom genes from different organisms were chosen for this experiment. The Corynebacterium glutamicum hom gene can be used as well as hom genes from other procaryotes like Escherichia coli or Bacillus subtilis or even the hom gene of eukaryotes like Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Shizosaccharomyces pombe, Ashbya gossypii or algae, higher plants or animals. It may be that the hom gene is insensitive against feed back inhibition mediated by any metabolites that occur in the biosynthetic routes of the amino acids of the aspartate familiy, like aspatrate, lysine, threonine or methionine. Such metabolites are for example aspartate, lysine, methionine, threonine, aspartyl-phosphate, aspartate semialdehyd, homoserine, cystathionine, homocysteine or any other metabolite that occurs in this biosynthetic routes. In addition to the metabolites the homoserine dehydrogenase may be insensitive against inhibition by anologes of all those metabolites or even against other compunds involved in this metabolism as there are other amino acids like cysteine or cofactors like vitamin B12 and all of its derivatives and S-adenosylmethionine and its metabolites and derivatives and anologons. The insensitivity of the homoserine dehydrogenase against all these, a part of these or only one of these compounts may either be its natural attitude or it may be the result from one or more mutations that resulted from classical mutation and selection using chemicals or irradiation or other mutagens. The mutations could also be introduced into the hom gene using gene technology, for example the introduction of site specific point mutations or by any method afore mentioned for the MP ore MP encoding DNA-sequences.

[0144] When a hom gene was combined with the metZ and metA genes and introduced into a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain that is a lysine overproducer, lysine accumulation was reduced and homocysteine and methionine accumulation was enhanced. A further enhancement of homocysteine and methionine concentrations can be achieved, if a lysine overproducing Corynebacterium glutamicum strain is used and a disruption of the ddh gene or the lysA gene was introduced prior to the transformation with DNA containing a hom gene and metZ and metA in combination. The overproduction of homocysteine and methionine was possible using different sulfur sources. Sulfates, thiosulfates, sulfites and also more reduced sulfur sources like H₂S and sulfides and derivatives could be used. Also organic sulfur sources like methyl mercaptan, thioglycolates, thiocyanates, thiourea, sulfur containing amino acids like cysteine and other sulfur containing compounds can be used to achieve homocysteine and methionine overproduction.

[0145] In another embodiment the metC gene was introduced into a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain using methods wich are afore mentioned. The metC gene can be transformed into the strain in combination with other genes like metB, metA and metA. Even the hom gene can be added. If the hom gene, the met C, metA and metB genes were combined on a vector and introduced into a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain homocysteine and methionine overproduction was achieved. The overproduction of homocysteine and methionine was possible using different sulfur sources. Sulfates, thiosulfates, sulfites and also more reduced sulfur sources like H₂S and sulfides and derivatives could be used. Also organic sulfur sources like methyl mercaptan, thioglycolates, thiocyanates, thiourea, sulfur containing amino acids like cysteine and other sulfur containing compounds can be used to achieve homocysteine and methionine overproduction.

[0146] This invention is further illustrated by the following examples which should not be construed as limiting. The contents of all references, patent applications, patents, published patent applications, Tables, and the sequence listing cited throughout this application are hereby incorporated by reference.

EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of Total Genomic DNA of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032

[0147] A culture of Corynebacterium glutamicum (ATCC 13032) was grown overnight at 30° C. with vigorous shaking in BHI medium (Difco). The cells were harvested by centrifugation, the supernatant was discarded and the cells were resuspended in 5 ml buffer-I (5% of the original volume of the culture—all indicated volumes have been calculated for 100 ml of culture volume). Composition of buffer-I: 140.34 g/l sucrose, 2.46 g/l MgSO₄×7H₂O, 10 ml/l KH₂PO₄ solution (100 g/l, adjusted to pH 6.7 with KOH), 50 ml/l M12 concentrate (10 g/l (NH₄)₂SO₄, 1 g/l NaCl, 2 g/l MgSO₄×7H₂O, 0.2 g/l CaCl₂, 0.5 g/l yeast extract (Difco), 10 ml/l trace-elements-mix (200 mg/l FeSO₄×H₂O, 10 mg/l ZnSO₄×7H₂O, 3 mg/l MnCl₂×4H₂O, 30 mg/l H₃BO₃ 20 mg/l CoCl₂×6H₂₀, 1 mg/l NiCl₂×6H₂O, 3 mg/l Na₂MoO₄×2H₂O, 500 mg/l complexing agent (EDTA or critic acid), 100 ml/l vitamins-mix (0.2 mg/l biotin, 0.2 mg/l folic acid, 20 mg/l p-amino benzoic acid, 20 mg/l riboflavin, 40 mg/l ca-panthothenate, 140 mg/l nicotinic acid, 40 mg/l pyridoxole hydrochloride, 200 mg/l myo-inositol). Lysozyme was added to the suspension to a final concentration of 2.5 mg/ml. After an approximately 4 h incubation at 37° C., the cell wall was degraded and the resulting protoplasts are harvested by centrifugation. The pellet was washed once with 5 ml buffer-I and once with 5 ml TE-buffer (10 mM Tris-HCl, 1 mM EDTA, pH 8). The pellet was resuspended in 4 ml TE-buffer and 0.5 ml SDS solution (10%) and 0.5 ml NaCl solution (5 M) are added. After adding of proteinase K to a final concentration of 200 μg/ml, the suspension is incubated for ca.18 h at 37° C. The DNA was purified by extraction with phenol, phenol-chloroform-isoamylalcohol and chloroform-isoamylalcohol using standard procedures. Then, the DNA was precipitated by adding 1/50 volume of 3 M sodium acetate and 2 volumes of ethanol, followed by a 30 min incubation at −20° C. and a 30 min centrifugation at 12,000 rpm in a high speed centrifuge using a SS34 rotor (Sorvall). The DNA was dissolved in 1 ml TE-buffer containing 20 μg/ml RNaseA and dialysed at 4° C. against 1000 ml TE-buffer for at least 3 hours. During this time, the buffer was exchanged 3 times. To aliquots of 0.4 ml of the dialysed DNA solution, 0.4 ml of 2 M LiCl and 0.8 ml of ethanol are added. After a 30 min incubation at −20° C., the DNA was collected by centrifugation (13,000 rpm, Biofuge Fresco, Heraeus, Hanau, Germany). The DNA pellet was dissolved in TE-buffer. DNA prepared by this procedure could be used for all purposes, including southern blotting or construction of genomic libraries.

EXAMPLE 2 Construction of Genomic Libraries in Escherichia coli of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13032.

[0148] Using DNA prepared as described in Example 1, cosmid and plasmid libraries were constructed according to known and well established methods (see e.g., Sambrook, J. et al. (1989) “Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual”, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, or Ausubel, F. M. et al. (1994) “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology”, John Wiley & Sons.)

[0149] Any plasmid or cosmid could be used. Of particular use were the plasmids pBR322 (Sutcliffe, J. G. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 75:3737-3741); pACYC177 (Change & Cohen (1978) J. Bacteriol 134:1141-1156), plasmids of the pBS series (pBSSK+, pBSSK− and others; Stratagene, LaJolla, USA), or cosmids as SuperCos1 (Stratagene, LaJolla, USA) or Lorist6 (Gibson, T. J., Rosenthal A. and Waterson, R. H. (1987) Gene 53:283-286. Gene libraries specifically for use in C. glutamicum may be constructed using plasmid pSL109 (Lee, H.-S. and A. J. Sinskey (1994) J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 4: 256-263).

EXAMPLE 3 DNA Sequencing and Computational Functional Analysis

[0150] Genomic libraries as described in Example 2 were used for DNA sequencing according to standard methods, in particular by the chain termination method using ABI377 sequencing machines (see e.g., Fleischman, R. D. et al. (1995) “Whole-genome Random Sequencing and Assembly of Haemophilus Influenzae Rd., Science, 269:496-512). Sequencing primers with the following nucleotide sequences were used: 5′-GGAAACAGTATGACCATG-3′ or 5′-GTAAAACGACGGCCAGT-3′.

EXAMPLE 4 In Vivo Mutagenesis

[0151] In vivo mutagenesis of Corynebacterium glutamicum can be performed by passage of plasmid (or other vector) DNA through E. coli or other microorganisms (e.g. Bacillus spp. or yeasts such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae) which are impaired in their capabilities to maintain the integrity of their genetic information. Typical mutator strains have mutations in the genes for the DNA repair system (e.g., mutHLS, mutD, mutT, etc.; for reference, see Rupp, W. D. (1996) DNA repair mechanisms, in: Escherichia coli and Salmonella, p. 2277-2294, ASM: Washington.) Such strains are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The use of such strains is illustrated, for example, in Greener, A. and Callahan, M. (1994) Strategies 7: 32-34.

EXAMPLE 5 DNA Transfer Between Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum

[0152] Several Corynebacterium and Brevibacterium species contain endogenous plasmids (as e.g., pHM1519 or pBL1) which replicate autonomously (for review see, e.g., Martin, J. F. et al. (1987) Biotechnology, 5:137-146). Shuttle vectors for Escherichia coli and Corynebacterium glutamicum can be readily constructed by using standard vectors for E. coli (Sambrook, J. et al. (1989), “Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual”, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press or Ausubel, F. M. et al. (1994) “Current Protocols in Molecular Biology”, John Wiley & Sons) to which a origin or replication for and a suitable marker from Corynebacterium glutamicum is added. Such origins of replication are preferably taken from endogenous plasmids isolated from Corynebacterium and Brevibacterium species. Of particular use as transformation markers for these species are genes for kanamycin resistance (such as those derived from the Tn5 or Tn903 transposons) or chloramphenicol (Winnacker, E. L. (1987) “From Genes to Clones—Introduction to Gene Technology, VCH, Weinheim). There are numerous examples in the literature of the construction of a wide variety of shuttle vectors which replicate in both E. coli and C. glutamicum, and which can be used for several purposes, including gene over-expression (for reference, see e.g., Yoshihama, M. et al. (1985) J. Bacteriol. 162:591-597, Martin J. F. et al. (1987) Biotechnology, 5:137-146 and Eikmanns, B. J. et al. (1991) Gene, 102:93-98).

[0153] Using standard methods, it is possible to clone a gene of interest into one of the shuttle vectors described above and to introduce such a hybrid vectors into strains of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Transformation of C. glutamicum can be achieved by protoplast transformation (Kastsumata, R. et al. (1984) J. Bacteriol. 159306-311), electroporation (Liebl, E. et al. (1989) FEMS Microbiol. Letters, 53:399-303) and in cases where special vectors are used, also by conjugation (as described e.g. in Schafer, A et al. (1990) J. Bacteriol. 172:1663-1666). It is also possible to transfer the shuttle vectors for C. glutamicum to E. coli by preparing plasmid DNA from C. glutamicum (using standard methods well-known in the art) and transforming it into E. coli. This transformation step can be performed using standard methods, but it is advantageous to use an Mcr-deficient E. coli strain, such as NM522 (Gough & Murray (1983) J. Mol. Biol. 166:1-19).

[0154] Genes may be overexpressed in C. glutamicum strains using plasmids which comprise pCG1 (U.S. Pat. No. 4,617,267) or fragments thereof, and optionally the gene for kanamycin resistance from TN903 (Grindley, N. D. and Joyce, C. M. (1980) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77(12): 7176-7180). In addition, genes may be overexpressed in C. glutamicum strains using plasmid pSL109 (Lee, H.-S. and A. J. Sinskey (1994) J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 4: 256-263).

[0155] Aside from the use of replicative plasmids, gene overexpression can also be achieved by integration into the genome. Genomic integration in C. glutamicum or other Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium species may be accomplished by well-known methods, such as homologous recombination with genomic region(s), restriction endonuclease mediated integration (REMI) (see, e.g., DE Patent 19823834), or through the use of transposons. It is also possible to modulate the activity of a gene of interest by modifying the regulatory regions (e.g., a promoter, a repressor, and/or an enhancer) by sequence modification, insertion, or deletion using site-directed methods (such as homologous recombination) or methods based on random events (such as transposon mutagenesis or REMI). Nucleic acid sequences which function as transcriptional terminators may also be inserted 3′ to the coding region of one or more genes of the invention; such terminators are well-known in the art and are described, for example, in Winnacker, E. L. (1987) From Genes to Clones—Introduction to Gene Technology. VCH: Weinheim.

EXAMPLE 6 Assessment of the Expression of the Mutant Protein

[0156] Observations of the activity of a mutated protein in a transformed host cell rely on the fact that the mutant protein is expressed in a similar fashion and in a similar quantity to that of the wild-type protein. A useful method to ascertain the level of transcription of the mutant gene (an indicator of the amount of mRNA available for translation to the gene product) is to perform a Northern blot (for reference see, for example, Ausubel et al. (1988) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Wiley: New York), in which a primer designed to bind to the gene of interest is labeled with a detectable tag (usually radioactive or chemiluminescent), such that when the total RNA of a culture of the organism is extracted, run on gel, transferred to a stable matrix and incubated with this probe, the binding and quantity of binding of the probe indicates the presence and also the quantity of mRNA for this gene. This information is evidence of the degree of transcription of the mutant gene. Total cellular RNA can be prepared from Corynebacterium glutamicum by several methods, all well-known in the art, such as that described in Bormann, E. R. et al. (1992) Mol. Microbiol. 6: 317-326.

[0157] To assess the presence or relative quantity of protein translated from this mRNA, standard techniques, such as a SDS-Polyacrylamide Gelelectrophoresis and Western blot, may be employed (see, for example, Ausubel et al. (1988) Current Protocols in Molecular Biology, Wiley: New York). In this process, total cellular proteins are extracted, separated by gel electrophoresis, transferred to a matrix such as nitrocellulose, and incubated with a probe, such as an antibody, which specifically binds to the desired protein. This probe is generally tagged with a chemiluminescent or calorimetric label which may be readily detected. The presence and quantity of label observed indicates the presence and quantity of the desired mutant protein present in the cell.

EXAMPLE 7 Growth of Escherichia coli and Genetically Modified Corynebacterium glutamicum—Media and Culture Conditions

[0158]E. coli strains are routinely grown in MB and LB broth, respectively (Follettie, M. T., Peoples, O., Agoropoulou, C., and Sinskey, A J. (1993) Gene structure and expression of the Corynebacterium flavum N13 ask-asd operon. J. Bacteriol. 175, 4096-4103). Minimal media for E. coli is M9 and modified MCGC (Yoshihama, M., Higashiro, K., Rao, E. A., Akedo, M., Shanabruch, W G., Follettie, M. T., Walker, G. C., and Sinskey, A. J. (1985) Cloning vector system for Corynebacterium glutamicum. J. Bacteriol. 162, 591-507), respectively. Glucose was added a final concentration of 1%. Antibiotics were added in the following amounts (micrograms per milliliter): ampicillin, 50; kanamycin, 25; nalidixic acid, 25. Amino acids, vitamins, and other supplements were added in the following amounts: methionine, 9.3 mM; arginine, 9.3 mM; histidine, 9.3 mM; thiamine, 0.05 mM. E. coli cells were routinely grown at 37° C., respectively.

[0159] Genetically modified Corynebacteria are cultured in synthetic or natural growth media. A number of different growth media for Corynebacteria are both well-known and readily available (Lieb et al. (1989) Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 32:205-210; von der Osten et al. (1998) Biotechnology Letters, 11:11-16; Pat. No. DE 4,120,867; Liebl (1992) “The Genus Corynebacterium, in: The Procaryotes, Volume II, Balows, A. et al., eds. Springer-Verlag). These media consist of one or more carbon sources, nitrogen sources, inorganic salts, vitamins and trace elements. Preferred carbon sources are sugars, such as mono-, di-, or polysaccharides. For example, glucose, fructose, mannose, galactose, ribose, sorbose, ribulose, lactose, maltose, sucrose, raffinose, starch or cellulose serve as very good carbon sources. It is also possible to supply sugar to the media via complex compounds such as molasses or other by-products from sugar refinement. It can also be advantageous to supply mixtures of different carbon sources. Other possible carbon sources are alcohols and organic acids, such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid or lactic acid. Nitrogen sources are usually organic or inorganic nitrogen compounds, or materials which contain these compounds. Exemplary nitrogen sources include ammonia gas or ammonia salts, such as NH₄Cl or (NH₄)₂SO₄, NH₄OH, nitrates, urea, amino acids or complex nitrogen sources like corn steep liquor, soy bean flour, soy bean protein, yeast extract, meat extract and others.

[0160] The overproduction of sulfur containig amino acids like homocysteine and methionine was possible using different sulfur sources. Sulfates, thiosulfates, sulfites and also more reduced sulfur sources like H₂S and sulfides and derivatives can be used. Also organic sulfur sources like methyl mercaptan, thioglycolates, thiocyanates, thiourea, sulfur containing amino acids like cysteine and other sulfur containing compounds can be used to achieve homocysteine and methionine overproduction. Inorganic salt compounds which may be included in the media include the chloride-, phosphorous- or sulfate-salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium, cobalt, molybdenum, potassium, manganese, zinc, copper and iron. Chelating compounds can be added to the medium to keep the metal ions in solution. Particularly useful chelating compounds include dihydroxyphenols, like catechol or protocatechuate, or organic acids, such as citric acid. It is typical for the media to also contain other growth factors, such as vitamins or growth promoters, examples of which include biotin, riboflavin, thiamin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenate and pyridoxin. Growth factors and salts frequently originate from complex media components such as yeast extract, molasses, corn steep liquor and others. The exact composition of the media compounds depends strongly on the immediate experiment and is individually decided for each specific case. Information about media optimization is available in the textbook “Applied Microbiol. Physiology, A Practical Approach (eds. P. M. Rhodes, P. F. Stanbury, IRL Press (1997) pp. 53-73, ISBN 0 19 963577 3). It is also possible to select growth media from commercial suppliers, like standard 1 (Merck) or BHI (grain heart infusion, DIFCO) or others.

[0161] All medium components are sterilized, either by heat (20 minutes at 1.5 bar and 121° C.) or by sterile filtration. The components can either be sterilized together or, if necessary, separately. All media components can be present at the beginning of growth, or they can optionally be added continuously or batchwise.

[0162] Culture conditions are defined separately for each experiment. The temperature should be in a range between 15° C. and 45° C. The temperature can be kept constant or can be altered during the experiment. The pH of the medium should be in the range of 5 to 8.5, preferably around 7.0, and can be maintained by the addition of buffers to the media. An exemplary buffer for this purpose is a potassium phosphate buffer. Synthetic buffers such as MOPS, HEPES, ACES and others can alternatively or simultaneously be used. It is also possible to maintain a constant culture pH through the addition of NaOH or NH₄OH during growth. If complex medium components such as yeast extract are utilized, the necessity for additional buffers may be reduced, due to the fact that many complex compounds have high buffer capacities. If a fermentor is utilized for culturing the micro-organisms, the pH can also be controlled using gaseous ammonia.

[0163] The incubation time is usually in a range from several hours to several days. This time is selected in order to permit the maximal amount of product to accumulate in the broth. The disclosed growth experiments can be carried out in a variety of vessels, such as microtiter plates, glass tubes, glass flasks or glass or metal fermentors of different sizes. For screening a large number of clones, the microorganisms should be cultured in microtiter plates, glass tubes or shake flasks, either with or without baffles. Preferably 100 ml shake flasks are used, filled with 10% (by volume) of the required growth medium. The flasks should be shaken on a rotary shaker (amplitude 25 mm) using a speed-range of 100-300 rpm. Evaporation losses can be diminished by the maintenance of a humid atmosphere; alternatively, a mathematical correction for evaporation losses should be performed.

[0164] If genetically modified clones are tested, an unmodified control clone or a control clone containing the basic plasmid without any insert should also be tested. The medium is inoculated to an OD₆₀₀ of 0.5-1.5 using cells grown on agar plates, such as CM plates (10 g/l glucose, 2,5 g/l NaCl, 2 g/l urea, 10 g/l polypeptone, 5 g/l yeast extract, 5 g/l meat extract, 22 g/l NaCl, 2 g/l urea, 10 g/l polypeptone, 5 g/l yeast extract, 5 g/l meat extract, 22 g/l agar, pH 6.8 with 2M NaOH) that had been incubated at 30° C. Inoculation of the media is accomplished by either introduction of a saline suspension of C. glutamicum cells from CM plates or addition of a liquid preculture of this bacterium.

EXAMPLE 8 In vitro Analysis of the Function of Mutant Proteins

[0165] The determination of activities and kinetic parameters of enzymes is well established in the art. Experiments to determine the activity of any given altered enzyme must be tailored to the specific activity of the wild-type enzyme, which is well within the ability of one of ordinary skill in the art. Overviews about enzymes in general, as well as specific details concerning structure, kinetics, principles, methods, applications and examples for the determination of many enzyme activities may be found, for example, in the following references: Dixon, M., and Webb, E. C., (1979) Enzymes. Longmans: London; Fersht, (1985) Enzyme Structure and Mechanism. Freeman: New York; Walsh, (1979) Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms. Freeman: San Francisco; Price, N. C., Stevens, L. (1982) Fundamentals of Enzymology. Oxford Univ. Press: Oxford; Boyer, P. D., ed. (1983) The Enzymes, 3^(rd) ed. Academic Press: New York; Bisswanger, H., (1994) Enzymkinetik, 2nd ed. VCH: Weinheim (ISBN 3527300325); Bergmeyer, H. U., Bergmeyer, J., Grail, M., eds. (1983-1986) Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, 3^(rd) ed., vol. I-XII, Verlag Chemie: Weinheim; and Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (1987) vol. A9, “Enzymes”. VCH: Weinheim, p. 352-363.

[0166] The activity of proteins which bind to DNA can be measured by several well-established methods, such as DNA band-shift assays (also called gel retardation assays). The effect of such proteins on the expression of other molecules can be measured using reporter gene assays (such as that described in Kolmar, H. et al. (1995) EMBO J. 14: 3895-3904 and references cited therein). Reporter gene test systems are well known and established for applications in both pro- and eukaryotic cells, using enzymes such as beta-galactosidase, green fluorescent protein, and several others.

[0167] The determination of activity of membrane-transport proteins can be performed according to techniques such as those described in Gennis, R. B. (1989) “Pores, Channels and Transporters”, in Biomembranes, Molecular Structure and Function, Springer: Heidelberg, p. 85-137; 199-234; and 270-322.

EXAMPLE 9 Analysis of Impact of Mutant Protein on the Production of the Desired Product

[0168] The effect of the genetic modification in C. glutamicum on production of a desired compound (such as an amino acid) can be assessed by growing the modified microorganism under suitable conditions (such as those described above) and analyzing the medium and/or the cellular component for increased production of the desired product (i.e., an amino acid). Such analysis techniques are well known to one of ordinary skill in the art, and include spectroscopy, thin layer chromatography, staining methods of various kinds, enzymatic and microbiological methods, and analytical chromatography such as high performance liquid chromatography (see, for example, Ullman, Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, vol. A2, p. 89-90 and p. 443-613, VCH: Weinheim (1985); Fallon, A. et al., (1987) “Applications of HPLC in Biochemistry” in: Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol. 17; Rehm et al. (1993) Biotechnology, vol. 3, Chapter III: “Product recovery and purification”, page 469-714, VCH: Weinheim; Belter, P. A. et al. (1988) Bioseparations: downstream processing for biotechnology, John Wiley and Sons; Kennedy, J. F. and Cabral, J. M. S. (1992) Recovery processes for biological materials, John Wiley and Sons; Shaeiwitz, J. A. and Henry, J. D. (1988) Biochemical separations, in: Ulmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, vol. B3, Chapter 11, page 1-27, VCH: Weinheim; and Dechow, F. J. (1989) Separation and purification techniques in biotechnology, Noyes Publications.)

[0169] In addition to the measurement of the final product of fermentation, it is also possible to analyze other components of the metabolic pathways utilized for the production of the desired compound, such as intermediates and side-products, to determine the overall efficiency of production of the compound. Analysis methods include measurements of nutrient levels in the medium (e.g., sugars, hydrocarbons, nitrogen sources, phosphate, and other ions), measurements of biomass composition and growth, analysis of the production of common metabolites of biosynthetic pathways, and measurement of gasses produced during fermentation. Standard methods for these measurements are outlined in Applied Microbial Physiology, A Practical Approach, P. M. Rhodes and P. F. Stanbury, eds., IRL Press, p. 103-129; 131-163; and 165-192 (ISBN: 0199635773) and references cited therein.

EXAMPLE 10 Purification of the Desired Product from C. glutamicum Culture

[0170] Recovery of the desired product from the C. glutamicum cells or supernatant of the above-described culture can be performed by various methods well known in the art. If the desired product is not secreted from the cells, the cells can be harvested from the culture by low-speed centrifugation, the cells can be lysed by standard techniques, such as mechanical force or sonication. The cellular debris is removed by centrifugation, and the supernatant fraction containing the soluble proteins is retained for further purification of the desired compound. If the product is secreted from the C. glutamicum cells, then the cells are removed from the culture by low-speed centrifugation, and the supernate fraction is retained for further purification.

[0171] The supernatant fraction from either purification method is subjected to chromatography with a suitable resin, in which the desired molecule is either retained on a chromatography resin while many of the impurities in the sample are not, or where the impurities are retained by the resin while the sample is not. Such chromatography steps may be repeated as necessary, using the same or different chromatography resins. One of ordinary skill in the art would be well-versed in the selection of appropriate chromatography resins and in their most efficacious application for a particular molecule to be purified. The purified product may be concentrated by filtration or ultrafiltration, and stored at a temperature at which the stability of the product is maximized.

[0172] There are a wide array of purification methods known to the art and the preceding method of purification is not meant to be limiting. Such purification techniques are described, for example, in Bailey, J. E. & Ollis, D. F. Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals, McGraw-Hill: New York (1986).

[0173] The identity and purity of the isolated compounds may be assessed by techniques standard in the art. These include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), spectroscopic methods, staining methods, thin layer chromatography, NIRS, enzymatic assay, or microbiologically. Such analysis methods are reviewed in: Patek et al. (1994) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60: 133-140; Malakhova et al. (1996) Biotekhnologiya 11: 27-32; and Schmidt et al. (1998) Bioprocess Engineer. 19: 67-70. Ulmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, (1996) vol. A27, VCH: Weinheim, p. 89-90, p. 521-540, p. 540-547, p. 559-566, 575-581 and p. 581-587; Michal, G. (1999) Biochemical Pathways: An Atlas of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, John Wiley and Sons; Fallon, A. et al. (1987) Applications of HPLC in Biochemistry in: Laboratory Techniques in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, vol. 17.

EXAMPLE 11 Analysis of the Gene Sequences of the Invention

[0174] The comparison of sequences and determination of percent homology between two sequences are art-known techniques, and can be accomplished using a mathematical algorithm, such as the algorithm of Karlin and Altschul (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87:2264-68, modified as in Karlin and Altschul (1993) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 90:5873-77. Such an algorithm is incorporated into the NBLAST and XBLAST programs (version 2.0) of Altschul, et al. (1990) J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-10. BLAST nucleotide searches can be performed with the NBLAST program, score=100, wordlength=12 to obtain nucleotide sequences homologous to MP nucleic acid molecules of the invention. BLAST protein searches can be performed with the XBLAST program, score=50, wordlength=3 to obtain amino acid sequences homologous to MP protein molecules of the invention. To obtain gapped alignments for comparison purposes, Gapped BLAST can be utilized as described in Altschul et al., (1997) Nucleic Acids Res. 25(17):3389-3402. When utilizing BLAST and Gapped BLAST programs, one of ordinary skill in the art will know how to optimize the parameters of the program (e.g., XBLAST and NBLAST) for the specific sequence being analyzed.

[0175] Another example of a mathematical algorithm utilized for the comparison of sequences is the algorithm of Meyers and Miller ((1988) Comput. Appl. Biosci. 4: 11-17). Such an algorithm is incorporated into the ALIGN program (version 2.0) which is part of the GCG sequence alignment software package. When utilizing the ALIGN program for comparing amino acid sequences, a PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12, and a gap penalty of 4 can be used. Additional algorithms for sequence analysis are known in the art, and include ADVANCE and ADAM. described in Torelli and Robotti (1994) Comput. Appl. Biosci. 10:3-5; and FASTA, described in Pearson and Lipman (1988) P.N.A.S. 85:2444-8.

[0176] The percent homology between two amino acid sequences can also be accomplished using the GAP program in the GCG software package (available at http://www.gcg.com), using either a Blosum 62 matrix or a PAM250 matrix, and a gap weight of 12, 10, 8, 6, or 4 and a length weight of 2, 3, or 4. The percent homology between two nucleic acid sequences can be accomplished using the GAP program in the GCG software package, using standard parameters, such as a gap weight of 50 and a length weight of 3.

[0177] A comparative analysis of the gene sequences of the invention with those present in Genbank has been performed using techniques known in the art (see, e.g., Bexevanis and Ouellette, eds. (1998) Bioinformatics: A Practical Guide to the Analysis of Genes and Proteins. John Wiley and Sons: New York).

[0178] The gene sequences of the invention were compared on basis of their amino acid sequences to known genes by using the program CLUSTAL (Higgins et al. (1996) Using CLUSTAL for multiple sequence alignments, Methods in Enzymology 266, 383-402) using the standard parameters (PAIRWISE ALIGNMENT PARAMETERS: Gap penalty=3, K-tuple (word) size=1, No. of top diagonals=5, Window size=5; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENT PARAMETERS: Gap Opening Penalty=10.00, Gap Extension Penalty=0.05, Protein weight matrix=PAM250). Homology between two sequences is the function of the number of identical positions in all sequences (i.e. % homology=number of identical positions/total number of positions×100). The results of this analysis are set forth in Table 3.

EXAMPLE 12 Construction and Operation of DNA Microarrays

[0179] The sequences of the invention may additionally be used in the construction and application of DNA microarrays (the design, methodology, and uses of DNA arrays are well known in the art, and are described, for example, in Schena, M. et al. (1995) Science 270: 467-470; Wodicka, L. et al. (1997) Nature Biotechnology 15: 1359-1367; DeSaizieu, A. et al. (1998) Nature Biotechnology 16: 45-48; and DeRisi, J. L. et al. (1997) Science 278: 680-686).

[0180] DNA microarrays are solid or flexible supports consisting of nitrocellulose, nylon, glass, silicone, or other materials. Nucleic acid molecules may be attached to the surface in an ordered manner. After appropriate labeling, other nucleic acids or nucleic acid mixtures can be hybridized to the immobilized nucleic acid molecules, and the label may be used to monitor and measure the individual signal intensities of the hybridized molecules at defined regions. This methodology allows the simultaneous quantification of the relative or absolute amount of all or selected nucleic acids in the applied nucleic acid sample or mixture. DNA microarrays, therefore, permit an analysis of the expression of multiple (as many as 6800 or more) nucleic acids in parallel (see, e.g., Schena, M. (1996) BioEssays 18(5): 427-431).

[0181] The sequences of the invention may be used to design oligonucleotide primers which are able to amplify defined regions of one or more C. glutamicum genes by a nucleic acid amplification reaction such as the polymerase chain reaction. The choice and design of the 5′ or 3′ oligonucleotide primers or of appropriate linkers allows the covalent attachment of the resulting PCR products to the surface of a support medium described above (and also described, for example, Schena, M. et al. (1995) Science 270: 467-470).

[0182] Nucleic acid microarrays may also be constructed by in situ oligonucleotide synthesis as described by Wodicka, L. et al. (1997) Nature Biotechnology 15: 1359-1367. By photolithographic methods, precisely defined regions of the matrix are exposed to light. Protective groups which are photolabile are thereby activated and undergo nucleotide addition, whereas regions that are masked from light do not undergo any modification. Subsequent cycles of protection and light activation permit the synthesis of different oligonucleotides at defined positions. Small, defined regions of the genes of the invention may be synthesized on microarrays by solid phase oligonucleotide synthesis.

[0183] The nucleic acid molecules of the invention present in a sample or mixture of nucleotides may be hybridized to the microarrays. These nucleic acid molecules can be labeled according to standard methods. In brief, nucleic acid molecules (e.g., mRNA molecules or DNA molecules) are labeled by the incorporation of isotopically or fluorescently labeled nucleotides, e.g., during reverse transcription or DNA synthesis. Hybridization of labeled nucleic acids to microarrays is described (e.g., in Schena, M. et al. (1995) supra; Wodicka, L. et al. (1997), supra; and DeSaizieu A. et al. (1998), supra). The detection and quantification of the hybridized molecule are tailored to the specific incorporated label. Radioactive labels can be detected, for example, as described in Schena, M. et al. (1995) supra) and fluorescent labels may be detected, for example, by the method of Shalon et al. (1996) Genome Research 6: 639-645).

[0184] The application of the sequences of the invention to DNA microarray technology, as described above, permits comparative analyses of different strains of C. glutamicum or other Corynebacteria. For example, studies of inter-strain variations based on individual transcript profiles and the identification of genes that are important for specific and/or desired strain properties such as pathogenicity, productivity and stress tolerance are facilitated by nucleic acid array methodologies. Also, comparisons of the profile of expression of genes of the invention during the course of a fermentation reaction are possible using nucleic acid array technology.

EXAMPLE 13 Analysis of the Dynamics of Cellular Protein Populations (Proteomics)

[0185] The genes, compositions, and methods of the invention may be applied to study the interactions and dynamics of populations of proteins, termed ‘proteomics’. Protein populations of interest include, but are not limited to, the total protein population of C. glutamicum (e.g., in comparison with the protein populations of other organisms), those proteins which are active under specific environmental or metabolic conditions (e.g., during fermentation, at high or low temperature, or at high or low pH), or those proteins which are active during specific phases of growth and development.

[0186] Protein populations can be analyzed by various well-known techniques, such as gel electrophoresis. Cellular proteins may be obtained, for example, by lysis or extraction, and may be separated from one another using a variety of electrophoretic techniques. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) separates proteins largely on the basis of their molecular weight. Isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (IEF-PAGE) separates proteins by their isoelectric point (which reflects not only the amino acid sequence but also posttranslational modifications of the protein). Another, more preferred method of protein analysis is the consecutive combination of both IEF-PAGE and SDS-PAGE, known as 2-D-gel electrophoresis (described, for example, in Hermann et al. (1998) Electrophoresis 19: 3217-3221; Fountoulakis et al. (1998) Electrophoresis 19: 1193-1202; Langen et al. (1997) Electrophoresis 18: 1184-1192; Antelmann et al. (1997) Electrophoresis 18: 1451-1463). Other separation techniques may also be utilized for protein separation, such as capillary gel electrophoresis; such techniques are well known in the art.

[0187] Proteins separated by these methodologies can be visualized by standard techniques, such as by staining or labeling. Suitable stains are known in the art, and include Coomassie Brilliant Blue, silver stain, or fluorescent dyes such as Sypro Ruby (Molecular Probes). The inclusion of radioactively labeled amino acids or other protein precursors (e.g., ³⁵S-methionine, ³⁵S-cysteine, ¹⁴C-labelled amino acids, ¹⁵N-amino acids, ¹⁵NO₃ or 15NH₄ ⁺ or ¹³C-labelled amino acids) in the medium of C. glutamicum permits the labeling of proteins from these cells prior to their separation. Similarly, fluorescent labels may be employed. These labeled proteins can be extracted, isolated and separated according to the previously described techniques.

[0188] Proteins visualized by these techniques can be further analyzed by measuring the amount of dye or label used. The amount of a given protein can be determined quantitatively using, for example, optical methods and can be compared to the amount of other proteins in the same gel or in other gels. Comparisons of proteins on gels can be made, for example, by optical comparison, by spectroscopy, by image scanning and analysis of gels, or through the use of photographic films and screens. Such techniques are well-known in the art.

[0189] To determine the identity of any given protein, direct sequencing or other standard techniques may be employed. For example, N- and/or C-terminal amino acid sequencing (such as Edman degradation) may be used, as may mass spectrometry (in particular MALDI or ESI techniques (see, e.g., Langen et al. (1997) Electrophoresis 18: 1184-1192)). The protein sequences provided herein can be used for the identification of C. glutamicum proteins by these techniques.

[0190] The information obtained by these methods can be used to compare patterns of protein presence, activity, or modification between different samples from various biological conditions (e.g., different organisms, time points of fermentation, media conditions, or different biotopes, among others). Data obtained from such experiments alone, or in combination with other techniques, can be used for various applications, such as to compare the behavior of various organisms in a given (e.g., metabolic) situation, to increase the productivity of strains which produce fine chemicals or to increase the efficiency of the production of fine chemicals.

[0191] Equivalents

[0192] Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, or will be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.

1 46 1 3793 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(3763) Xaa(834)= Met or Ile 1 agactagtgg cgctttgcct gtgttgctta ggcggcgttg aaaatgaact acgaatgaaa 60 agttcgggaa ttgtctaatc cgtactaagc tgtctacaca atg tct act tca gtt 115 Met Ser Thr Ser Val 1 5 act tca cca gcc cac aac aac gca cat tcc tcc gaa ttt ttg gat gcg 163 Thr Ser Pro Ala His Asn Asn Ala His Ser Ser Glu Phe Leu Asp Ala 10 15 20 ttg gca aac cat gtg ttg atc ggc gac ggc gcc atg ggc acc cag ctc 211 Leu Ala Asn His Val Leu Ile Gly Asp Gly Ala Met Gly Thr Gln Leu 25 30 35 caa ggc ttt gac ctg gac gtg gaa aag gat ttc ctt gat ctg gag ggg 259 Gln Gly Phe Asp Leu Asp Val Glu Lys Asp Phe Leu Asp Leu Glu Gly 40 45 50 tgt aat gag att ctc aac gac acc cgc cct gat gtg ttg agg cag att 307 Cys Asn Glu Ile Leu Asn Asp Thr Arg Pro Asp Val Leu Arg Gln Ile 55 60 65 cac cgc gcc tac ttt gag gcg gga gct gac ttg gtt gag acc aat act 355 His Arg Ala Tyr Phe Glu Ala Gly Ala Asp Leu Val Glu Thr Asn Thr 70 75 80 85 ttt ggt tgc aac ctg ccg aac ttg gcg gat tat gac atc gct gat cgt 403 Phe Gly Cys Asn Leu Pro Asn Leu Ala Asp Tyr Asp Ile Ala Asp Arg 90 95 100 tgc cgt gag ctt gcc tac aag ggc act gca gtg gct agg gaa gtg gct 451 Cys Arg Glu Leu Ala Tyr Lys Gly Thr Ala Val Ala Arg Glu Val Ala 105 110 115 gat gag atg ggg ccg ggc cga aac ggc atg cgg cgt ttc gtg gtt ggt 499 Asp Glu Met Gly Pro Gly Arg Asn Gly Met Arg Arg Phe Val Val Gly 120 125 130 tcc ctg gga cct gga acg aag ctt cca tcg ctg ggc cat gca ccg tat 547 Ser Leu Gly Pro Gly Thr Lys Leu Pro Ser Leu Gly His Ala Pro Tyr 135 140 145 gca gat ttg cgt ggg cac tac aag gaa gca gcg ctt ggc atc atc gac 595 Ala Asp Leu Arg Gly His Tyr Lys Glu Ala Ala Leu Gly Ile Ile Asp 150 155 160 165 ggt ggt ggc gat gcc ttt ttg att gag act gct cag gac ttg ctt cag 643 Gly Gly Gly Asp Ala Phe Leu Ile Glu Thr Ala Gln Asp Leu Leu Gln 170 175 180 gtc aag gct gcg gtt cac ggc gtt caa gat gcc atg gct gaa ctt gat 691 Val Lys Ala Ala Val His Gly Val Gln Asp Ala Met Ala Glu Leu Asp 185 190 195 aca ttc ttg ccc att att tgc cac gtc acc gta gag acc acc ggc acc 739 Thr Phe Leu Pro Ile Ile Cys His Val Thr Val Glu Thr Thr Gly Thr 200 205 210 atg ctc atg ggt tct gag atc ggt gcc gcg ttg aca gcg ctg cag cca 787 Met Leu Met Gly Ser Glu Ile Gly Ala Ala Leu Thr Ala Leu Gln Pro 215 220 225 ctg ggt atc gac atg att ggt ctg aac tgc gcc acc ggc cca gat gag 835 Leu Gly Ile Asp Met Ile Gly Leu Asn Cys Ala Thr Gly Pro Asp Glu 230 235 240 245 atg agc gag cac ctg cgt tac ctg tcc aag cac gcc gat att cct gtg 883 Met Ser Glu His Leu Arg Tyr Leu Ser Lys His Ala Asp Ile Pro Val 250 255 260 tcg gtg atg cct aac gca ggt ctt cct gtc ctg ggt aaa aac ggt gca 931 Ser Val Met Pro Asn Ala Gly Leu Pro Val Leu Gly Lys Asn Gly Ala 265 270 275 gaa tac cca ctt gag gct gag gat ttg gcg cag gcg ctg gct gga ttc 979 Glu Tyr Pro Leu Glu Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Gln Ala Leu Ala Gly Phe 280 285 290 gtc tcc gaa tat ggc ctg tcc atg gtg ggt ggt tgt tgt ggc acc aca 1027 Val Ser Glu Tyr Gly Leu Ser Met Val Gly Gly Cys Cys Gly Thr Thr 295 300 305 cct gag cac atc cgt gcg gtc cgc gat gcg gtg gtt ggt gtt cca gag 1075 Pro Glu His Ile Arg Ala Val Arg Asp Ala Val Val Gly Val Pro Glu 310 315 320 325 cag gaa acc tcc aca ctg acc aag atc cct gca ggc cct gtt gag cag 1123 Gln Glu Thr Ser Thr Leu Thr Lys Ile Pro Ala Gly Pro Val Glu Gln 330 335 340 gcc tcc cgc gag gtg gag aaa gag gac tcc gtc gcg tcg ctg tac acc 1171 Ala Ser Arg Glu Val Glu Lys Glu Asp Ser Val Ala Ser Leu Tyr Thr 345 350 355 tcg gtg cca ttg tcc cag gaa acc ggc att tcc atg atc ggt gag cgc 1219 Ser Val Pro Leu Ser Gln Glu Thr Gly Ile Ser Met Ile Gly Glu Arg 360 365 370 acc aac tcc aac ggt tcc aag gca ttc cgt gag gca atg ctg tct ggc 1267 Thr Asn Ser Asn Gly Ser Lys Ala Phe Arg Glu Ala Met Leu Ser Gly 375 380 385 gat tgg gaa aag tgt gtg gat att gcc aag cag caa acc cgc gat ggt 1315 Asp Trp Glu Lys Cys Val Asp Ile Ala Lys Gln Gln Thr Arg Asp Gly 390 395 400 405 gca cac atg ctg gat ctt tgt gtg gat tac gtg gga cga gac ggc acc 1363 Ala His Met Leu Asp Leu Cys Val Asp Tyr Val Gly Arg Asp Gly Thr 410 415 420 gcc gat atg gcg acc ttg gca gca ctt ctt gct acc agc tcc act ttg 1411 Ala Asp Met Ala Thr Leu Ala Ala Leu Leu Ala Thr Ser Ser Thr Leu 425 430 435 cca atc atg att gac tcc acc gag cca gag gtt att cgc aca ggc ctt 1459 Pro Ile Met Ile Asp Ser Thr Glu Pro Glu Val Ile Arg Thr Gly Leu 440 445 450 gag cac ttg ggt gga cga agc atc gtt aac tcc gtc aac ttt gaa gac 1507 Glu His Leu Gly Gly Arg Ser Ile Val Asn Ser Val Asn Phe Glu Asp 455 460 465 ggc gat ggc cct gag tcc cgc tac cag cgc atc atg aaa ctg gta aag 1555 Gly Asp Gly Pro Glu Ser Arg Tyr Gln Arg Ile Met Lys Leu Val Lys 470 475 480 485 cag cac ggt gcg gcc gtg gtt gcg ctg acc att gat gag gaa ggc cag 1603 Gln His Gly Ala Ala Val Val Ala Leu Thr Ile Asp Glu Glu Gly Gln 490 495 500 gca cgt acc gct gag cac aag gtg cgc att gct aaa cga ctg att gac 1651 Ala Arg Thr Ala Glu His Lys Val Arg Ile Ala Lys Arg Leu Ile Asp 505 510 515 gat atc acc ggc agc tac ggc ctg gat atc aaa gac atc gtt gtg gac 1699 Asp Ile Thr Gly Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asp Ile Lys Asp Ile Val Val Asp 520 525 530 tgc ctg acc ttc ccg atc tct act ggc cag gaa gaa acc agg cga gat 1747 Cys Leu Thr Phe Pro Ile Ser Thr Gly Gln Glu Glu Thr Arg Arg Asp 535 540 545 ggc att gaa acc atc gaa gcc atc cgc gag ctg aag aag ctc tac cca 1795 Gly Ile Glu Thr Ile Glu Ala Ile Arg Glu Leu Lys Lys Leu Tyr Pro 550 555 560 565 gaa atc cac acc acc ctg ggt ctg tcc aat att tcc ttc ggc ctg aac 1843 Glu Ile His Thr Thr Leu Gly Leu Ser Asn Ile Ser Phe Gly Leu Asn 570 575 580 cct gct gca cgc cag gtt ctt aac tct gtg ttc ctc aat gag tgc att 1891 Pro Ala Ala Arg Gln Val Leu Asn Ser Val Phe Leu Asn Glu Cys Ile 585 590 595 gag gct ggt ctg gac tct gcg att gcg cac agc tcc aag att ttg ccg 1939 Glu Ala Gly Leu Asp Ser Ala Ile Ala His Ser Ser Lys Ile Leu Pro 600 605 610 atg aac cgc att gat gat cgc cag cgc gaa gtg gcg ttg gat atg gtc 1987 Met Asn Arg Ile Asp Asp Arg Gln Arg Glu Val Ala Leu Asp Met Val 615 620 625 tat gat cgc cgc acc gag gat tac gat ccg ctg cag gaa ttc atg cag 2035 Tyr Asp Arg Arg Thr Glu Asp Tyr Asp Pro Leu Gln Glu Phe Met Gln 630 635 640 645 ctg ttt gag ggc gtt tct gct gcc gat gcc aag gat gct cgc gct gaa 2083 Leu Phe Glu Gly Val Ser Ala Ala Asp Ala Lys Asp Ala Arg Ala Glu 650 655 660 cag ctg gcc gct atg cct ttg ttt gag cgt ttg gca cag cgc atc atc 2131 Gln Leu Ala Ala Met Pro Leu Phe Glu Arg Leu Ala Gln Arg Ile Ile 665 670 675 gac ggc gat aag aat ggc ctt gag gat gat ctg gaa gca ggc atg aag 2179 Asp Gly Asp Lys Asn Gly Leu Glu Asp Asp Leu Glu Ala Gly Met Lys 680 685 690 gag aag tct cct att gcg atc atc aac gag gac ctt ctc aac ggc atg 2227 Glu Lys Ser Pro Ile Ala Ile Ile Asn Glu Asp Leu Leu Asn Gly Met 695 700 705 aag acc gtg ggt gag ctg ttt ggt tcc gga cag atg cag ctg cca ttc 2275 Lys Thr Val Gly Glu Leu Phe Gly Ser Gly Gln Met Gln Leu Pro Phe 710 715 720 725 gtg ctg caa tcg gca gaa acc atg aaa act gcg gtg gcc tat ttg gaa 2323 Val Leu Gln Ser Ala Glu Thr Met Lys Thr Ala Val Ala Tyr Leu Glu 730 735 740 ccg ttc atg gaa gag gaa gca gaa gct acc gga tct gcg cag gca gag 2371 Pro Phe Met Glu Glu Glu Ala Glu Ala Thr Gly Ser Ala Gln Ala Glu 745 750 755 ggc aag ggc aaa atc gtc gtg gcc acc gtc aag ggt gac gtg cac gat 2419 Gly Lys Gly Lys Ile Val Val Ala Thr Val Lys Gly Asp Val His Asp 760 765 770 atc ggc aag aac ttg gtg gac atc att ttg tcc aac aac ggt tac gac 2467 Ile Gly Lys Asn Leu Val Asp Ile Ile Leu Ser Asn Asn Gly Tyr Asp 775 780 785 gtg gtg aac ttg ggc atc aag cag cca ctg tcc gcc atg ttg gaa gca 2515 Val Val Asn Leu Gly Ile Lys Gln Pro Leu Ser Ala Met Leu Glu Ala 790 795 800 805 gcg gaa gaa cac aaa gca gac gtc atc ggc atg tcg gga ctt ctt gtg 2563 Ala Glu Glu His Lys Ala Asp Val Ile Gly Met Ser Gly Leu Leu Val 810 815 820 aag tcc acc gtg gtg atg aag gaa aac ctt gag gag atk aac aac gcc 2611 Lys Ser Thr Val Val Met Lys Glu Asn Leu Glu Glu Xaa Asn Asn Ala 825 830 835 ggc gca tcc aat tac cca gtc att ttg ggt ggc gct gcg ctg acg cgt 2659 Gly Ala Ser Asn Tyr Pro Val Ile Leu Gly Gly Ala Ala Leu Thr Arg 840 845 850 acc tac gtg gaa aac gat ctc aac gag gtg tac acc ggt gag gtg tac 2707 Thr Tyr Val Glu Asn Asp Leu Asn Glu Val Tyr Thr Gly Glu Val Tyr 855 860 865 tac gcc cgt gat gct ttc gag ggc ctg cgc ctg atg gat gag gtg atg 2755 Tyr Ala Arg Asp Ala Phe Glu Gly Leu Arg Leu Met Asp Glu Val Met 870 875 880 885 gca gaa aag cgt ggt gaa gga ctt gat ccc aac tca cca gaa gct att 2803 Ala Glu Lys Arg Gly Glu Gly Leu Asp Pro Asn Ser Pro Glu Ala Ile 890 895 900 gag cag gcg aag aag aag gcg gaa cgt aag gct cgt aat gag cgt tcc 2851 Glu Gln Ala Lys Lys Lys Ala Glu Arg Lys Ala Arg Asn Glu Arg Ser 905 910 915 cgc aag att gcc gcg gag cgt aaa gct aat gcg gct ccc gtg att gtt 2899 Arg Lys Ile Ala Ala Glu Arg Lys Ala Asn Ala Ala Pro Val Ile Val 920 925 930 ccg gag cgt tct gat gtc tcc acc gat act cca acc gcg gca cca ccg 2947 Pro Glu Arg Ser Asp Val Ser Thr Asp Thr Pro Thr Ala Ala Pro Pro 935 940 945 ttc tgg gga acc cgc att gtc aag ggt ctg ccc ttg gcg gag ttc ttg 2995 Phe Trp Gly Thr Arg Ile Val Lys Gly Leu Pro Leu Ala Glu Phe Leu 950 955 960 965 ggc aac ctt gat gag cgc gcc ttg ttc atg ggg cag tgg ggt ctg aaa 3043 Gly Asn Leu Asp Glu Arg Ala Leu Phe Met Gly Gln Trp Gly Leu Lys 970 975 980 tcc acc cgc ggc aac gag ggt cca agc tat gag gat ttg gtg gaa act 3091 Ser Thr Arg Gly Asn Glu Gly Pro Ser Tyr Glu Asp Leu Val Glu Thr 985 990 995 gaa ggc cga cca cgc ctg cgc tac tgg ctg gat cgc ctg aag tct gag 3139 Glu Gly Arg Pro Arg Leu Arg Tyr Trp Leu Asp Arg Leu Lys Ser Glu 1000 1005 1010 ggc att ttg gac cac gtg gcc ttg gtg tat ggc tac ttc cca gcg gtc 3187 Gly Ile Leu Asp His Val Ala Leu Val Tyr Gly Tyr Phe Pro Ala Val 1015 1020 1025 gcg gaa ggc gat gac gtg gtg atc ttg gaa tcc ccg gat cca cac gca 3235 Ala Glu Gly Asp Asp Val Val Ile Leu Glu Ser Pro Asp Pro His Ala 1030 1035 1040 1045 gcc gaa cgc atg cgc ttt agc ttc cca cgc cag cag cgc ggc agg ttc 3283 Ala Glu Arg Met Arg Phe Ser Phe Pro Arg Gln Gln Arg Gly Arg Phe 1050 1055 1060 ttg tgc atc gcg gat ttc att cgc cca cgc gag caa gct gtc aag gac 3331 Leu Cys Ile Ala Asp Phe Ile Arg Pro Arg Glu Gln Ala Val Lys Asp 1065 1070 1075 ggc caa gtg gac gtc atg cca ttc cag ctg gtc acc atg ggt aat cct 3379 Gly Gln Val Asp Val Met Pro Phe Gln Leu Val Thr Met Gly Asn Pro 1080 1085 1090 att gct gat ttc gcc aac gag ttg ttc gca gcc aat gaa tac cgc gag 3427 Ile Ala Asp Phe Ala Asn Glu Leu Phe Ala Ala Asn Glu Tyr Arg Glu 1095 1100 1105 tac ttg gaa gtt cac ggc atc ggc gtg cag ctc acc gaa gca ttg gcc 3475 Tyr Leu Glu Val His Gly Ile Gly Val Gln Leu Thr Glu Ala Leu Ala 1110 1115 1120 1125 gag tac tgg cac tcc cga gtg cgc agc gaa ctc aag ctg aac gac ggt 3523 Glu Tyr Trp His Ser Arg Val Arg Ser Glu Leu Lys Leu Asn Asp Gly 1130 1135 1140 gga tct gtc gct gat ttt gat cca gaa gac aag acc aag ttc ttc gac 3571 Gly Ser Val Ala Asp Phe Asp Pro Glu Asp Lys Thr Lys Phe Phe Asp 1145 1150 1155 ctg gat tac cgc ggc gcc cgc ttc tcc ttt ggt tac ggt tct tgc cct 3619 Leu Asp Tyr Arg Gly Ala Arg Phe Ser Phe Gly Tyr Gly Ser Cys Pro 1160 1165 1170 gat ctg gaa gac cgc gca aag ctg gtg gaa ttg ctc gag cca ggc cgt 3667 Asp Leu Glu Asp Arg Ala Lys Leu Val Glu Leu Leu Glu Pro Gly Arg 1175 1180 1185 atc ggc gtg gag ttg tcc gag gaa ctc cag ctg cac cca gag cag tcc 3715 Ile Gly Val Glu Leu Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Leu His Pro Glu Gln Ser 1190 1195 1200 1205 aca gac gcg ttt gtg ctc tac cac cca gag gca aag tac ttt aac gtc 3763 Thr Asp Ala Phe Val Leu Tyr His Pro Glu Ala Lys Tyr Phe Asn Val 1210 1215 1220 taacaccttt gagagggaaa actttcccgc 3793 2 1221 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (1)..(1221) Xaa(834)= Met or Ile 2 Met Ser Thr Ser Val Thr Ser Pro Ala His Asn Asn Ala His Ser Ser 1 5 10 15 Glu Phe Leu Asp Ala Leu Ala Asn His Val Leu Ile Gly Asp Gly Ala 20 25 30 Met Gly Thr Gln Leu Gln Gly Phe Asp Leu Asp Val Glu Lys Asp Phe 35 40 45 Leu Asp Leu Glu Gly Cys Asn Glu Ile Leu Asn Asp Thr Arg Pro Asp 50 55 60 Val Leu Arg Gln Ile His Arg Ala Tyr Phe Glu Ala Gly Ala Asp Leu 65 70 75 80 Val Glu Thr Asn Thr Phe Gly Cys Asn Leu Pro Asn Leu Ala Asp Tyr 85 90 95 Asp Ile Ala Asp Arg Cys Arg Glu Leu Ala Tyr Lys Gly Thr Ala Val 100 105 110 Ala Arg Glu Val Ala Asp Glu Met Gly Pro Gly Arg Asn Gly Met Arg 115 120 125 Arg Phe Val Val Gly Ser Leu Gly Pro Gly Thr Lys Leu Pro Ser Leu 130 135 140 Gly His Ala Pro Tyr Ala Asp Leu Arg Gly His Tyr Lys Glu Ala Ala 145 150 155 160 Leu Gly Ile Ile Asp Gly Gly Gly Asp Ala Phe Leu Ile Glu Thr Ala 165 170 175 Gln Asp Leu Leu Gln Val Lys Ala Ala Val His Gly Val Gln Asp Ala 180 185 190 Met Ala Glu Leu Asp Thr Phe Leu Pro Ile Ile Cys His Val Thr Val 195 200 205 Glu Thr Thr Gly Thr Met Leu Met Gly Ser Glu Ile Gly Ala Ala Leu 210 215 220 Thr Ala Leu Gln Pro Leu Gly Ile Asp Met Ile Gly Leu Asn Cys Ala 225 230 235 240 Thr Gly Pro Asp Glu Met Ser Glu His Leu Arg Tyr Leu Ser Lys His 245 250 255 Ala Asp Ile Pro Val Ser Val Met Pro Asn Ala Gly Leu Pro Val Leu 260 265 270 Gly Lys Asn Gly Ala Glu Tyr Pro Leu Glu Ala Glu Asp Leu Ala Gln 275 280 285 Ala Leu Ala Gly Phe Val Ser Glu Tyr Gly Leu Ser Met Val Gly Gly 290 295 300 Cys Cys Gly Thr Thr Pro Glu His Ile Arg Ala Val Arg Asp Ala Val 305 310 315 320 Val Gly Val Pro Glu Gln Glu Thr Ser Thr Leu Thr Lys Ile Pro Ala 325 330 335 Gly Pro Val Glu Gln Ala Ser Arg Glu Val Glu Lys Glu Asp Ser Val 340 345 350 Ala Ser Leu Tyr Thr Ser Val Pro Leu Ser Gln Glu Thr Gly Ile Ser 355 360 365 Met Ile Gly Glu Arg Thr Asn Ser Asn Gly Ser Lys Ala Phe Arg Glu 370 375 380 Ala Met Leu Ser Gly Asp Trp Glu Lys Cys Val Asp Ile Ala Lys Gln 385 390 395 400 Gln Thr Arg Asp Gly Ala His Met Leu Asp Leu Cys Val Asp Tyr Val 405 410 415 Gly Arg Asp Gly Thr Ala Asp Met Ala Thr Leu Ala Ala Leu Leu Ala 420 425 430 Thr Ser Ser Thr Leu Pro Ile Met Ile Asp Ser Thr Glu Pro Glu Val 435 440 445 Ile Arg Thr Gly Leu Glu His Leu Gly Gly Arg Ser Ile Val Asn Ser 450 455 460 Val Asn Phe Glu Asp Gly Asp Gly Pro Glu Ser Arg Tyr Gln Arg Ile 465 470 475 480 Met Lys Leu Val Lys Gln His Gly Ala Ala Val Val Ala Leu Thr Ile 485 490 495 Asp Glu Glu Gly Gln Ala Arg Thr Ala Glu His Lys Val Arg Ile Ala 500 505 510 Lys Arg Leu Ile Asp Asp Ile Thr Gly Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asp Ile Lys 515 520 525 Asp Ile Val Val Asp Cys Leu Thr Phe Pro Ile Ser Thr Gly Gln Glu 530 535 540 Glu Thr Arg Arg Asp Gly Ile Glu Thr Ile Glu Ala Ile Arg Glu Leu 545 550 555 560 Lys Lys Leu Tyr Pro Glu Ile His Thr Thr Leu Gly Leu Ser Asn Ile 565 570 575 Ser Phe Gly Leu Asn Pro Ala Ala Arg Gln Val Leu Asn Ser Val Phe 580 585 590 Leu Asn Glu Cys Ile Glu Ala Gly Leu Asp Ser Ala Ile Ala His Ser 595 600 605 Ser Lys Ile Leu Pro Met Asn Arg Ile Asp Asp Arg Gln Arg Glu Val 610 615 620 Ala Leu Asp Met Val Tyr Asp Arg Arg Thr Glu Asp Tyr Asp Pro Leu 625 630 635 640 Gln Glu Phe Met Gln Leu Phe Glu Gly Val Ser Ala Ala Asp Ala Lys 645 650 655 Asp Ala Arg Ala Glu Gln Leu Ala Ala Met Pro Leu Phe Glu Arg Leu 660 665 670 Ala Gln Arg Ile Ile Asp Gly Asp Lys Asn Gly Leu Glu Asp Asp Leu 675 680 685 Glu Ala Gly Met Lys Glu Lys Ser Pro Ile Ala Ile Ile Asn Glu Asp 690 695 700 Leu Leu Asn Gly Met Lys Thr Val Gly Glu Leu Phe Gly Ser Gly Gln 705 710 715 720 Met Gln Leu Pro Phe Val Leu Gln Ser Ala Glu Thr Met Lys Thr Ala 725 730 735 Val Ala Tyr Leu Glu Pro Phe Met Glu Glu Glu Ala Glu Ala Thr Gly 740 745 750 Ser Ala Gln Ala Glu Gly Lys Gly Lys Ile Val Val Ala Thr Val Lys 755 760 765 Gly Asp Val His Asp Ile Gly Lys Asn Leu Val Asp Ile Ile Leu Ser 770 775 780 Asn Asn Gly Tyr Asp Val Val Asn Leu Gly Ile Lys Gln Pro Leu Ser 785 790 795 800 Ala Met Leu Glu Ala Ala Glu Glu His Lys Ala Asp Val Ile Gly Met 805 810 815 Ser Gly Leu Leu Val Lys Ser Thr Val Val Met Lys Glu Asn Leu Glu 820 825 830 Glu Xaa Asn Asn Ala Gly Ala Ser Asn Tyr Pro Val Ile Leu Gly Gly 835 840 845 Ala Ala Leu Thr Arg Thr Tyr Val Glu Asn Asp Leu Asn Glu Val Tyr 850 855 860 Thr Gly Glu Val Tyr Tyr Ala Arg Asp Ala Phe Glu Gly Leu Arg Leu 865 870 875 880 Met Asp Glu Val Met Ala Glu Lys Arg Gly Glu Gly Leu Asp Pro Asn 885 890 895 Ser Pro Glu Ala Ile Glu Gln Ala Lys Lys Lys Ala Glu Arg Lys Ala 900 905 910 Arg Asn Glu Arg Ser Arg Lys Ile Ala Ala Glu Arg Lys Ala Asn Ala 915 920 925 Ala Pro Val Ile Val Pro Glu Arg Ser Asp Val Ser Thr Asp Thr Pro 930 935 940 Thr Ala Ala Pro Pro Phe Trp Gly Thr Arg Ile Val Lys Gly Leu Pro 945 950 955 960 Leu Ala Glu Phe Leu Gly Asn Leu Asp Glu Arg Ala Leu Phe Met Gly 965 970 975 Gln Trp Gly Leu Lys Ser Thr Arg Gly Asn Glu Gly Pro Ser Tyr Glu 980 985 990 Asp Leu Val Glu Thr Glu Gly Arg Pro Arg Leu Arg Tyr Trp Leu Asp 995 1000 1005 Arg Leu Lys Ser Glu Gly Ile Leu Asp His Val Ala Leu Val Tyr Gly 1010 1015 1020 Tyr Phe Pro Ala Val Ala Glu Gly Asp Asp Val Val Ile Leu Glu Ser 1025 1030 1035 1040 Pro Asp Pro His Ala Ala Glu Arg Met Arg Phe Ser Phe Pro Arg Gln 1045 1050 1055 Gln Arg Gly Arg Phe Leu Cys Ile Ala Asp Phe Ile Arg Pro Arg Glu 1060 1065 1070 Gln Ala Val Lys Asp Gly Gln Val Asp Val Met Pro Phe Gln Leu Val 1075 1080 1085 Thr Met Gly Asn Pro Ile Ala Asp Phe Ala Asn Glu Leu Phe Ala Ala 1090 1095 1100 Asn Glu Tyr Arg Glu Tyr Leu Glu Val His Gly Ile Gly Val Gln Leu 1105 1110 1115 1120 Thr Glu Ala Leu Ala Glu Tyr Trp His Ser Arg Val Arg Ser Glu Leu 1125 1130 1135 Lys Leu Asn Asp Gly Gly Ser Val Ala Asp Phe Asp Pro Glu Asp Lys 1140 1145 1150 Thr Lys Phe Phe Asp Leu Asp Tyr Arg Gly Ala Arg Phe Ser Phe Gly 1155 1160 1165 Tyr Gly Ser Cys Pro Asp Leu Glu Asp Arg Ala Lys Leu Val Glu Leu 1170 1175 1180 Leu Glu Pro Gly Arg Ile Gly Val Glu Leu Ser Glu Glu Leu Gln Leu 1185 1190 1195 1200 His Pro Glu Gln Ser Thr Asp Ala Phe Val Leu Tyr His Pro Glu Ala 1205 1210 1215 Lys Tyr Phe Asn Val 1220 3 1981 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1951) 3 tcaatattcc gaagaaaacc gcgcagctct ctcactagtc tcaggtgagg cgaaagtggt 60 gaaagacccg ctacgcatgg tgcgcctggc tttttagaat gtg ctg caa acc tcc 115 Val Leu Gln Thr Ser 1 5 tgg cat ttc tct atc ctg gca ggc atg act gat acc tct ccg ttg aat 163 Trp His Phe Ser Ile Leu Ala Gly Met Thr Asp Thr Ser Pro Leu Asn 10 15 20 tct cag ccg agt gca gat cac cac cct gat cac gcg gct cgc cca gtt 211 Ser Gln Pro Ser Ala Asp His His Pro Asp His Ala Ala Arg Pro Val 25 30 35 ctt gat gcc cac ggc ttg atc gtt gag cac gaa tcg gaa gag ttt cca 259 Leu Asp Ala His Gly Leu Ile Val Glu His Glu Ser Glu Glu Phe Pro 40 45 50 gtc ccc gca ccc gct ccc ggt gaa cag ccc tgg gag aag aaa aac cgc 307 Val Pro Ala Pro Ala Pro Gly Glu Gln Pro Trp Glu Lys Lys Asn Arg 55 60 65 gag tgg tac aaa gac gcc gtt ttc tac gaa gtg ctg gtt cgt gcc ttc 355 Glu Trp Tyr Lys Asp Ala Val Phe Tyr Glu Val Leu Val Arg Ala Phe 70 75 80 85 tac gat cca gaa ggc aac gga gtc gga tcg ttg aaa ggc ctg acc gaa 403 Tyr Asp Pro Glu Gly Asn Gly Val Gly Ser Leu Lys Gly Leu Thr Glu 90 95 100 aaa ctg gat tac atc cag tgg ctc ggc gtg gat tgc att tgg atc cca 451 Lys Leu Asp Tyr Ile Gln Trp Leu Gly Val Asp Cys Ile Trp Ile Pro 105 110 115 ccg ttt tat gat tcc cca ctg cgc gac ggc ggt tac gat atc cgc aac 499 Pro Phe Tyr Asp Ser Pro Leu Arg Asp Gly Gly Tyr Asp Ile Arg Asn 120 125 130 ttc cgt gaa atc ctg ccc gaa ttc ggc acc gtc gat gac ttc gtg gaa 547 Phe Arg Glu Ile Leu Pro Glu Phe Gly Thr Val Asp Asp Phe Val Glu 135 140 145 ctc gtt gac cac gcc cac cgc cgt ggc ctg cgt gtt atc acc gac ttg 595 Leu Val Asp His Ala His Arg Arg Gly Leu Arg Val Ile Thr Asp Leu 150 155 160 165 gtc atg aat cac acc tcc gac cag cac gca tgg ttc caa gaa tcc cgg 643 Val Met Asn His Thr Ser Asp Gln His Ala Trp Phe Gln Glu Ser Arg 170 175 180 cgc gac cca acc ggc ccc tac gga gat ttc tat gtg tgg agc gat gat 691 Arg Asp Pro Thr Gly Pro Tyr Gly Asp Phe Tyr Val Trp Ser Asp Asp 185 190 195 ccc acc ctg tac aac gaa gcc cgc atc atc ttt gta gat aca gaa gaa 739 Pro Thr Leu Tyr Asn Glu Ala Arg Ile Ile Phe Val Asp Thr Glu Glu 200 205 210 tcc aac tgg acc tat gat ccg gtg cgt ggc cag tac ttc tgg cac cgc 787 Ser Asn Trp Thr Tyr Asp Pro Val Arg Gly Gln Tyr Phe Trp His Arg 215 220 225 ttc ttc tcc cac caa cca gac ctc aac tac gac aac ccc gca gtc caa 835 Phe Phe Ser His Gln Pro Asp Leu Asn Tyr Asp Asn Pro Ala Val Gln 230 235 240 245 gag gcc atg cta gat gtc ttg cgt ttc tgg ctg gac ctg gga ctt gat 883 Glu Ala Met Leu Asp Val Leu Arg Phe Trp Leu Asp Leu Gly Leu Asp 250 255 260 ggt ttc cga cta gat gcc gtt cct tat ctt ttt gaa cgc gaa ggc acc 931 Gly Phe Arg Leu Asp Ala Val Pro Tyr Leu Phe Glu Arg Glu Gly Thr 265 270 275 aac ggc gaa aac ctc aaa gaa acc cac gat ttc ctc aaa ctg tgt cgc 979 Asn Gly Glu Asn Leu Lys Glu Thr His Asp Phe Leu Lys Leu Cys Arg 280 285 290 tct gtc att gag aag gaa tac ccc ggc cga atc ctg ctc gca gaa gcc 1027 Ser Val Ile Glu Lys Glu Tyr Pro Gly Arg Ile Leu Leu Ala Glu Ala 295 300 305 aac caa tgg ccc caa gat gtg gtc gaa tac ttc ggt gaa aaa gac aaa 1075 Asn Gln Trp Pro Gln Asp Val Val Glu Tyr Phe Gly Glu Lys Asp Lys 310 315 320 325 ggc gat gaa tgc cac atg gcc ttc cac ttc cct ttg atg ccg cgc atc 1123 Gly Asp Glu Cys His Met Ala Phe His Phe Pro Leu Met Pro Arg Ile 330 335 340 ttc atg gga gtt cgc caa ggt tca cgc acc ccg atc agt gag atc ctg 1171 Phe Met Gly Val Arg Gln Gly Ser Arg Thr Pro Ile Ser Glu Ile Leu 345 350 355 gcc aac acc ccg gag att ccc aag act gcc caa tgg ggt att ttc ctg 1219 Ala Asn Thr Pro Glu Ile Pro Lys Thr Ala Gln Trp Gly Ile Phe Leu 360 365 370 cgt aat cat gat gag ctc acc ctt gaa atg gtc tcc gat gag gaa cgc 1267 Arg Asn His Asp Glu Leu Thr Leu Glu Met Val Ser Asp Glu Glu Arg 375 380 385 agc tac atg tac tcc caa ttc gcc tcc gaa cct cgc atg cgc gcc aac 1315 Ser Tyr Met Tyr Ser Gln Phe Ala Ser Glu Pro Arg Met Arg Ala Asn 390 395 400 405 gta gga atc cgc agg cgc ctt tcc cca ctg ctt gaa ggc gac cgc aac 1363 Val Gly Ile Arg Arg Arg Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu Glu Gly Asp Arg Asn 410 415 420 cag ctg gaa ctc ctt cac ggt ttg ttg ctg tct cta cct ggc tca ccc 1411 Gln Leu Glu Leu Leu His Gly Leu Leu Leu Ser Leu Pro Gly Ser Pro 425 430 435 gtg ttg tat tac ggt gat gaa att ggc atg ggc gac aat atc tgg ctc 1459 Val Leu Tyr Tyr Gly Asp Glu Ile Gly Met Gly Asp Asn Ile Trp Leu 440 445 450 cac gac cgc gac gga gtg cgc acc ccc atg cag tgg tcc aac gac cgc 1507 His Asp Arg Asp Gly Val Arg Thr Pro Met Gln Trp Ser Asn Asp Arg 455 460 465 aac ggt ggt ttc tcc aaa gct gat cct gaa cgc ctg tac ctt cca gcg 1555 Asn Gly Gly Phe Ser Lys Ala Asp Pro Glu Arg Leu Tyr Leu Pro Ala 470 475 480 485 atc caa aat gat caa tac ggc tac gcc caa gta aac gtg gaa agc caa 1603 Ile Gln Asn Asp Gln Tyr Gly Tyr Ala Gln Val Asn Val Glu Ser Gln 490 495 500 ctc aac cgc gaa aac tcc ctg ctg cgc tgg ctc cga aac caa atc ctt 1651 Leu Asn Arg Glu Asn Ser Leu Leu Arg Trp Leu Arg Asn Gln Ile Leu 505 510 515 atc cgc aag cag tac cgc gca ttt ggt gcc gga acc tac cgt gaa gtg 1699 Ile Arg Lys Gln Tyr Arg Ala Phe Gly Ala Gly Thr Tyr Arg Glu Val 520 525 530 tcc tcc acc aat gag tca gtg ttg aca ttt tta cga gaa cac aag ggc 1747 Ser Ser Thr Asn Glu Ser Val Leu Thr Phe Leu Arg Glu His Lys Gly 535 540 545 caa acc att ttg tgt gtc aac aac atg agc aaa tat cct cag gca gtc 1795 Gln Thr Ile Leu Cys Val Asn Asn Met Ser Lys Tyr Pro Gln Ala Val 550 555 560 565 tcg ctt gat ttg cgt gaa ttt gca gga cac acc cct cga gag atg tcg 1843 Ser Leu Asp Leu Arg Glu Phe Ala Gly His Thr Pro Arg Glu Met Ser 570 575 580 ggc ggg cag ctg ttc cct acc att gct gaa cgg gag tgg att gtc act 1891 Gly Gly Gln Leu Phe Pro Thr Ile Ala Glu Arg Glu Trp Ile Val Thr 585 590 595 tta gcc cct cac gga ttc ttc tgg ttt gat ctc acc gcc gat gaa aag 1939 Leu Ala Pro His Gly Phe Phe Trp Phe Asp Leu Thr Ala Asp Glu Lys 600 605 610 gac gat atg gaa tgagcattgg ccaacacatc atcaccgagc 1981 Asp Asp Met Glu 615 4 617 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 4 Val Leu Gln Thr Ser Trp His Phe Ser Ile Leu Ala Gly Met Thr Asp 1 5 10 15 Thr Ser Pro Leu Asn Ser Gln Pro Ser Ala Asp His His Pro Asp His 20 25 30 Ala Ala Arg Pro Val Leu Asp Ala His Gly Leu Ile Val Glu His Glu 35 40 45 Ser Glu Glu Phe Pro Val Pro Ala Pro Ala Pro Gly Glu Gln Pro Trp 50 55 60 Glu Lys Lys Asn Arg Glu Trp Tyr Lys Asp Ala Val Phe Tyr Glu Val 65 70 75 80 Leu Val Arg Ala Phe Tyr Asp Pro Glu Gly Asn Gly Val Gly Ser Leu 85 90 95 Lys Gly Leu Thr Glu Lys Leu Asp Tyr Ile Gln Trp Leu Gly Val Asp 100 105 110 Cys Ile Trp Ile Pro Pro Phe Tyr Asp Ser Pro Leu Arg Asp Gly Gly 115 120 125 Tyr Asp Ile Arg Asn Phe Arg Glu Ile Leu Pro Glu Phe Gly Thr Val 130 135 140 Asp Asp Phe Val Glu Leu Val Asp His Ala His Arg Arg Gly Leu Arg 145 150 155 160 Val Ile Thr Asp Leu Val Met Asn His Thr Ser Asp Gln His Ala Trp 165 170 175 Phe Gln Glu Ser Arg Arg Asp Pro Thr Gly Pro Tyr Gly Asp Phe Tyr 180 185 190 Val Trp Ser Asp Asp Pro Thr Leu Tyr Asn Glu Ala Arg Ile Ile Phe 195 200 205 Val Asp Thr Glu Glu Ser Asn Trp Thr Tyr Asp Pro Val Arg Gly Gln 210 215 220 Tyr Phe Trp His Arg Phe Phe Ser His Gln Pro Asp Leu Asn Tyr Asp 225 230 235 240 Asn Pro Ala Val Gln Glu Ala Met Leu Asp Val Leu Arg Phe Trp Leu 245 250 255 Asp Leu Gly Leu Asp Gly Phe Arg Leu Asp Ala Val Pro Tyr Leu Phe 260 265 270 Glu Arg Glu Gly Thr Asn Gly Glu Asn Leu Lys Glu Thr His Asp Phe 275 280 285 Leu Lys Leu Cys Arg Ser Val Ile Glu Lys Glu Tyr Pro Gly Arg Ile 290 295 300 Leu Leu Ala Glu Ala Asn Gln Trp Pro Gln Asp Val Val Glu Tyr Phe 305 310 315 320 Gly Glu Lys Asp Lys Gly Asp Glu Cys His Met Ala Phe His Phe Pro 325 330 335 Leu Met Pro Arg Ile Phe Met Gly Val Arg Gln Gly Ser Arg Thr Pro 340 345 350 Ile Ser Glu Ile Leu Ala Asn Thr Pro Glu Ile Pro Lys Thr Ala Gln 355 360 365 Trp Gly Ile Phe Leu Arg Asn His Asp Glu Leu Thr Leu Glu Met Val 370 375 380 Ser Asp Glu Glu Arg Ser Tyr Met Tyr Ser Gln Phe Ala Ser Glu Pro 385 390 395 400 Arg Met Arg Ala Asn Val Gly Ile Arg Arg Arg Leu Ser Pro Leu Leu 405 410 415 Glu Gly Asp Arg Asn Gln Leu Glu Leu Leu His Gly Leu Leu Leu Ser 420 425 430 Leu Pro Gly Ser Pro Val Leu Tyr Tyr Gly Asp Glu Ile Gly Met Gly 435 440 445 Asp Asn Ile Trp Leu His Asp Arg Asp Gly Val Arg Thr Pro Met Gln 450 455 460 Trp Ser Asn Asp Arg Asn Gly Gly Phe Ser Lys Ala Asp Pro Glu Arg 465 470 475 480 Leu Tyr Leu Pro Ala Ile Gln Asn Asp Gln Tyr Gly Tyr Ala Gln Val 485 490 495 Asn Val Glu Ser Gln Leu Asn Arg Glu Asn Ser Leu Leu Arg Trp Leu 500 505 510 Arg Asn Gln Ile Leu Ile Arg Lys Gln Tyr Arg Ala Phe Gly Ala Gly 515 520 525 Thr Tyr Arg Glu Val Ser Ser Thr Asn Glu Ser Val Leu Thr Phe Leu 530 535 540 Arg Glu His Lys Gly Gln Thr Ile Leu Cys Val Asn Asn Met Ser Lys 545 550 555 560 Tyr Pro Gln Ala Val Ser Leu Asp Leu Arg Glu Phe Ala Gly His Thr 565 570 575 Pro Arg Glu Met Ser Gly Gly Gln Leu Phe Pro Thr Ile Ala Glu Arg 580 585 590 Glu Trp Ile Val Thr Leu Ala Pro His Gly Phe Phe Trp Phe Asp Leu 595 600 605 Thr Ala Asp Glu Lys Asp Asp Met Glu 610 615 5 1840 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (363)..(1676) 5 cagaaactgt gtgcagaaat gcatgcagaa aaaggaaagt tcgggccaag atgggtgttt 60 ctgtatgccg atgatcggat ctttgacagc tgggtatgcg acaaatcacc gagagttgtt 120 aattcttaac aatggaaaag taacattgag agatgattta taccatcctg caccatttag 180 agtggggcta gtcatacccc cataacccta gctgtacgca atcgatttca aatcagttgg 240 aaaaagtcaa gaaaattacc cgagaattaa tttataccac acagtctatt gcaatagacc 300 aagctgttca gtagggtgca tgggagaaga atttcctaat aaaaactctt aaggacctcc 360 aa atg cca aag tac gac aat tcc aat gct gac cag tgg ggc ttt gaa 407 Met Pro Lys Tyr Asp Asn Ser Asn Ala Asp Gln Trp Gly Phe Glu 1 5 10 15 acc cgc tcc att cac gca ggc cag tca gta gac gca cag acc agc gca 455 Thr Arg Ser Ile His Ala Gly Gln Ser Val Asp Ala Gln Thr Ser Ala 20 25 30 cga aac ctt ccg atc tac caa tcc acc gct ttc gtg ttc gac tcc gct 503 Arg Asn Leu Pro Ile Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ala Phe Val Phe Asp Ser Ala 35 40 45 gag cac gcc aag cag cgt ttc gca ctt gag gat cta ggc cct gtt tac 551 Glu His Ala Lys Gln Arg Phe Ala Leu Glu Asp Leu Gly Pro Val Tyr 50 55 60 tcc cgc ctc acc aac cca acc gtt gag gct ttg gaa aac cgc atc gct 599 Ser Arg Leu Thr Asn Pro Thr Val Glu Ala Leu Glu Asn Arg Ile Ala 65 70 75 tcc ctc gaa ggt ggc gtc cac gct gta gcg ttc tcc tcc gga cag gcc 647 Ser Leu Glu Gly Gly Val His Ala Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Gly Gln Ala 80 85 90 95 gca acc acc aac gcc att ttg aac ctg gca gga gcg ggc gac cac atc 695 Ala Thr Thr Asn Ala Ile Leu Asn Leu Ala Gly Ala Gly Asp His Ile 100 105 110 gtc acc tcc cca cgc ctc tac ggt ggc acc gag act cta ttc ctt atc 743 Val Thr Ser Pro Arg Leu Tyr Gly Gly Thr Glu Thr Leu Phe Leu Ile 115 120 125 act ctt aac cgc ctg ggt atc gat gtt tcc ttc gtg gaa aac ccc gac 791 Thr Leu Asn Arg Leu Gly Ile Asp Val Ser Phe Val Glu Asn Pro Asp 130 135 140 gac cct gag tcc tgg cag gca gcc gtt cag cca aac acc aaa gca ttc 839 Asp Pro Glu Ser Trp Gln Ala Ala Val Gln Pro Asn Thr Lys Ala Phe 145 150 155 ttc ggc gag act ttc gcc aac cca cag gca gac gtc ctg gat att cct 887 Phe Gly Glu Thr Phe Ala Asn Pro Gln Ala Asp Val Leu Asp Ile Pro 160 165 170 175 gcg gtg gct gaa gtt gcg cac cgc aac agc gtt cca ctg atc atc gac 935 Ala Val Ala Glu Val Ala His Arg Asn Ser Val Pro Leu Ile Ile Asp 180 185 190 aac acc atc gct acc gca gcg ctc gtg cgc ccg ctc gag ctc ggc gca 983 Asn Thr Ile Ala Thr Ala Ala Leu Val Arg Pro Leu Glu Leu Gly Ala 195 200 205 gac gtt gtc gtc gct tcc ctc acc aag ttc tac acc ggc aac ggc tcc 1031 Asp Val Val Val Ala Ser Leu Thr Lys Phe Tyr Thr Gly Asn Gly Ser 210 215 220 gga ctg ggc ggc gtg ctt atc gac ggc gga aag ttc gat tgg act gtc 1079 Gly Leu Gly Gly Val Leu Ile Asp Gly Gly Lys Phe Asp Trp Thr Val 225 230 235 gaa aag gat gga aag cca gta ttc ccc tac ttc gtc act cca gat gct 1127 Glu Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro Val Phe Pro Tyr Phe Val Thr Pro Asp Ala 240 245 250 255 gct tac cac gga ttg aag tac gca gac ctt ggt gca cca gcc ttc ggc 1175 Ala Tyr His Gly Leu Lys Tyr Ala Asp Leu Gly Ala Pro Ala Phe Gly 260 265 270 ctc aag gtt cgc gtt ggc ctt cta cgc gac acc ggc tcc acc ctc tcc 1223 Leu Lys Val Arg Val Gly Leu Leu Arg Asp Thr Gly Ser Thr Leu Ser 275 280 285 gca ttc aac gca tgg gct gca gtc cag ggc atc gac acc ctt tcc ctg 1271 Ala Phe Asn Ala Trp Ala Ala Val Gln Gly Ile Asp Thr Leu Ser Leu 290 295 300 cgc ctg gag cgc cac aac gaa aac gcc atc aag gtt gca gaa ttc ctc 1319 Arg Leu Glu Arg His Asn Glu Asn Ala Ile Lys Val Ala Glu Phe Leu 305 310 315 aac aac cac gag aag gtg gaa aag gtt aac ttc gca ggc ctg aag gat 1367 Asn Asn His Glu Lys Val Glu Lys Val Asn Phe Ala Gly Leu Lys Asp 320 325 330 335 tcc cct tgg tac gca acc aag gaa aag ctt ggc ctg aag tac acc ggc 1415 Ser Pro Trp Tyr Ala Thr Lys Glu Lys Leu Gly Leu Lys Tyr Thr Gly 340 345 350 tcc gtt ctc acc ttc gag atc aag ggc ggc aag gat gag gct tgg gca 1463 Ser Val Leu Thr Phe Glu Ile Lys Gly Gly Lys Asp Glu Ala Trp Ala 355 360 365 ttt atc gac gcc ctg aag cta cac tcc aac ctt gca aac atc ggc gat 1511 Phe Ile Asp Ala Leu Lys Leu His Ser Asn Leu Ala Asn Ile Gly Asp 370 375 380 gtt cgc tcc ctc gtt gtt cac cca gca acc acc acc cat tca cag tcc 1559 Val Arg Ser Leu Val Val His Pro Ala Thr Thr Thr His Ser Gln Ser 385 390 395 gac gaa gct ggc ctg gca cgc gcg ggc gtt acc cag tcc acc gtc cgc 1607 Asp Glu Ala Gly Leu Ala Arg Ala Gly Val Thr Gln Ser Thr Val Arg 400 405 410 415 ctg tcc gtt ggc atc gag acc att gat gat atc atc gct gac ctc gaa 1655 Leu Ser Val Gly Ile Glu Thr Ile Asp Asp Ile Ile Ala Asp Leu Glu 420 425 430 ggc ggc ttt gct gca atc tag ctttaaatag actcacccca gtgcttaaag 1706 Gly Gly Phe Ala Ala Ile 435 cgctgggttt ttctttttca gactcgtgag aatgcaaact agactagaca gagctgtcca 1766 tatacactgg acgaagtttt agtcttgtcc acccagaaca ggcggttatt ttcatgccca 1826 ccctcgcgcc ttca 1840 6 437 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 6 Met Pro Lys Tyr Asp Asn Ser Asn Ala Asp Gln Trp Gly Phe Glu Thr 1 5 10 15 Arg Ser Ile His Ala Gly Gln Ser Val Asp Ala Gln Thr Ser Ala Arg 20 25 30 Asn Leu Pro Ile Tyr Gln Ser Thr Ala Phe Val Phe Asp Ser Ala Glu 35 40 45 His Ala Lys Gln Arg Phe Ala Leu Glu Asp Leu Gly Pro Val Tyr Ser 50 55 60 Arg Leu Thr Asn Pro Thr Val Glu Ala Leu Glu Asn Arg Ile Ala Ser 65 70 75 80 Leu Glu Gly Gly Val His Ala Val Ala Phe Ser Ser Gly Gln Ala Ala 85 90 95 Thr Thr Asn Ala Ile Leu Asn Leu Ala Gly Ala Gly Asp His Ile Val 100 105 110 Thr Ser Pro Arg Leu Tyr Gly Gly Thr Glu Thr Leu Phe Leu Ile Thr 115 120 125 Leu Asn Arg Leu Gly Ile Asp Val Ser Phe Val Glu Asn Pro Asp Asp 130 135 140 Pro Glu Ser Trp Gln Ala Ala Val Gln Pro Asn Thr Lys Ala Phe Phe 145 150 155 160 Gly Glu Thr Phe Ala Asn Pro Gln Ala Asp Val Leu Asp Ile Pro Ala 165 170 175 Val Ala Glu Val Ala His Arg Asn Ser Val Pro Leu Ile Ile Asp Asn 180 185 190 Thr Ile Ala Thr Ala Ala Leu Val Arg Pro Leu Glu Leu Gly Ala Asp 195 200 205 Val Val Val Ala Ser Leu Thr Lys Phe Tyr Thr Gly Asn Gly Ser Gly 210 215 220 Leu Gly Gly Val Leu Ile Asp Gly Gly Lys Phe Asp Trp Thr Val Glu 225 230 235 240 Lys Asp Gly Lys Pro Val Phe Pro Tyr Phe Val Thr Pro Asp Ala Ala 245 250 255 Tyr His Gly Leu Lys Tyr Ala Asp Leu Gly Ala Pro Ala Phe Gly Leu 260 265 270 Lys Val Arg Val Gly Leu Leu Arg Asp Thr Gly Ser Thr Leu Ser Ala 275 280 285 Phe Asn Ala Trp Ala Ala Val Gln Gly Ile Asp Thr Leu Ser Leu Arg 290 295 300 Leu Glu Arg His Asn Glu Asn Ala Ile Lys Val Ala Glu Phe Leu Asn 305 310 315 320 Asn His Glu Lys Val Glu Lys Val Asn Phe Ala Gly Leu Lys Asp Ser 325 330 335 Pro Trp Tyr Ala Thr Lys Glu Lys Leu Gly Leu Lys Tyr Thr Gly Ser 340 345 350 Val Leu Thr Phe Glu Ile Lys Gly Gly Lys Asp Glu Ala Trp Ala Phe 355 360 365 Ile Asp Ala Leu Lys Leu His Ser Asn Leu Ala Asn Ile Gly Asp Val 370 375 380 Arg Ser Leu Val Val His Pro Ala Thr Thr Thr His Ser Gln Ser Asp 385 390 395 400 Glu Ala Gly Leu Ala Arg Ala Gly Val Thr Gln Ser Thr Val Arg Leu 405 410 415 Ser Val Gly Ile Glu Thr Ile Asp Asp Ile Ile Ala Asp Leu Glu Gly 420 425 430 Gly Phe Ala Ala Ile 435 7 1033 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1006) 7 gtgcggatcg ggtatccgcg ctacacttag aggtgttaga gatcatgagt ttccacgaac 60 tgtaacgcag gattcaccaa tcaatgaaag gtcgaccgac atg agc act gaa gac 115 Met Ser Thr Glu Asp 1 5 att gtc gtc gta gca gta gat ggc tcg gac gcc tca aaa caa gct gtt 163 Ile Val Val Val Ala Val Asp Gly Ser Asp Ala Ser Lys Gln Ala Val 10 15 20 cgg tgg gct gca aat acc gcc aac aaa cgt ggc att cca ctt cgc ttg 211 Arg Trp Ala Ala Asn Thr Ala Asn Lys Arg Gly Ile Pro Leu Arg Leu 25 30 35 gct tcc agc tac acc atg cct cag ttc ctc tac gca gag gga atg gtt 259 Ala Ser Ser Tyr Thr Met Pro Gln Phe Leu Tyr Ala Glu Gly Met Val 40 45 50 cca cca caa gag ctt ttc gat gac ctc cag gcc gaa gcc ctg gaa aag 307 Pro Pro Gln Glu Leu Phe Asp Asp Leu Gln Ala Glu Ala Leu Glu Lys 55 60 65 att aac gaa gcc cgt gac atc gcc cat gag gta gcg cca gaa atc aag 355 Ile Asn Glu Ala Arg Asp Ile Ala His Glu Val Ala Pro Glu Ile Lys 70 75 80 85 atc ggg cac acc atc gct gaa ggc agt ccc atc gac atg ctg ttg gaa 403 Ile Gly His Thr Ile Ala Glu Gly Ser Pro Ile Asp Met Leu Leu Glu 90 95 100 atg tct ccc gat gcc aca atg atc gtc atg ggt tcc cgc gga ctc ggc 451 Met Ser Pro Asp Ala Thr Met Ile Val Met Gly Ser Arg Gly Leu Gly 105 110 115 gga ctc tcc gga atg gtc atg ggc tcc gtc tcc ggt gca gtg gtc agc 499 Gly Leu Ser Gly Met Val Met Gly Ser Val Ser Gly Ala Val Val Ser 120 125 130 cac gca aag tgt cca gtc gtt gtt gtc cgt gaa gac agc gca gtc aac 547 His Ala Lys Cys Pro Val Val Val Val Arg Glu Asp Ser Ala Val Asn 135 140 145 gaa gac agc aag tac ggc cca gtc gtc gtc ggt gtg gat ggc tcc gaa 595 Glu Asp Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Val Val Val Gly Val Asp Gly Ser Glu 150 155 160 165 gtc tcc caa cag gca acc gaa tac gca ttt gcg gaa gct gaa gct cgt 643 Val Ser Gln Gln Ala Thr Glu Tyr Ala Phe Ala Glu Ala Glu Ala Arg 170 175 180 ggc gcc gaa ctc gtt gca gtt cac acc tgg atg gac atg cag gta cag 691 Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Ala Val His Thr Trp Met Asp Met Gln Val Gln 185 190 195 gca tca ctt gca ggt ctt gca gct gct caa cag cag tgg gat gaa gtg 739 Ala Ser Leu Ala Gly Leu Ala Ala Ala Gln Gln Gln Trp Asp Glu Val 200 205 210 gaa cgt cag caa acc gac atg ctg atc gaa cgc ctc gca cca ctg gtg 787 Glu Arg Gln Gln Thr Asp Met Leu Ile Glu Arg Leu Ala Pro Leu Val 215 220 225 gaa aag tac cca agt gta acc gtc aag aag atc atc acc cgt gac cgc 835 Glu Lys Tyr Pro Ser Val Thr Val Lys Lys Ile Ile Thr Arg Asp Arg 230 235 240 245 cca gtt cgc gca ctt gca gaa gca tct gaa aac gcg cag ctc cta gtc 883 Pro Val Arg Ala Leu Ala Glu Ala Ser Glu Asn Ala Gln Leu Leu Val 250 255 260 gtt ggt tcc cat ggt cgt ggc gga ttt aag ggc atg ctc ctt ggc tcc 931 Val Gly Ser His Gly Arg Gly Gly Phe Lys Gly Met Leu Leu Gly Ser 265 270 275 acc tcc cgc gca ctg ctg caa tcc gca ccg tgc cca atg atg gtg gtt 979 Thr Ser Arg Ala Leu Leu Gln Ser Ala Pro Cys Pro Met Met Val Val 280 285 290 cgc cca cct gag aag att aag aag tag tttcttttaa gtttcgatgc cccggtt 1033 Arg Pro Pro Glu Lys Ile Lys Lys 295 300 8 301 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 8 Met Ser Thr Glu Asp Ile Val Val Val Ala Val Asp Gly Ser Asp Ala 1 5 10 15 Ser Lys Gln Ala Val Arg Trp Ala Ala Asn Thr Ala Asn Lys Arg Gly 20 25 30 Ile Pro Leu Arg Leu Ala Ser Ser Tyr Thr Met Pro Gln Phe Leu Tyr 35 40 45 Ala Glu Gly Met Val Pro Pro Gln Glu Leu Phe Asp Asp Leu Gln Ala 50 55 60 Glu Ala Leu Glu Lys Ile Asn Glu Ala Arg Asp Ile Ala His Glu Val 65 70 75 80 Ala Pro Glu Ile Lys Ile Gly His Thr Ile Ala Glu Gly Ser Pro Ile 85 90 95 Asp Met Leu Leu Glu Met Ser Pro Asp Ala Thr Met Ile Val Met Gly 100 105 110 Ser Arg Gly Leu Gly Gly Leu Ser Gly Met Val Met Gly Ser Val Ser 115 120 125 Gly Ala Val Val Ser His Ala Lys Cys Pro Val Val Val Val Arg Glu 130 135 140 Asp Ser Ala Val Asn Glu Asp Ser Lys Tyr Gly Pro Val Val Val Gly 145 150 155 160 Val Asp Gly Ser Glu Val Ser Gln Gln Ala Thr Glu Tyr Ala Phe Ala 165 170 175 Glu Ala Glu Ala Arg Gly Ala Glu Leu Val Ala Val His Thr Trp Met 180 185 190 Asp Met Gln Val Gln Ala Ser Leu Ala Gly Leu Ala Ala Ala Gln Gln 195 200 205 Gln Trp Asp Glu Val Glu Arg Gln Gln Thr Asp Met Leu Ile Glu Arg 210 215 220 Leu Ala Pro Leu Val Glu Lys Tyr Pro Ser Val Thr Val Lys Lys Ile 225 230 235 240 Ile Thr Arg Asp Arg Pro Val Arg Ala Leu Ala Glu Ala Ser Glu Asn 245 250 255 Ala Gln Leu Leu Val Val Gly Ser His Gly Arg Gly Gly Phe Lys Gly 260 265 270 Met Leu Leu Gly Ser Thr Ser Arg Ala Leu Leu Gln Ser Ala Pro Cys 275 280 285 Pro Met Met Val Val Arg Pro Pro Glu Lys Ile Lys Lys 290 295 300 9 1527 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1504) RXS00315 9 ctcatggcat ctgcgccgtt cgcgttcttg ccagtgttgg ttggtttcac cgcaaccaag 60 cgtttcggcg gcaatgagtt cctgggcgcc gcgtattggt atg gcg atg gtg ttc 115 Met Ala Met Val Phe 1 5 ccg agc ttg gtg aac ggc tac gac gtg gcc gcc acc atg gct gcg ggc 163 Pro Ser Leu Val Asn Gly Tyr Asp Val Ala Ala Thr Met Ala Ala Gly 10 15 20 gaa atg cca atg tgg tcc ctg ttt ggt tta gat gtt gcc caa gcc ggt 211 Glu Met Pro Met Trp Ser Leu Phe Gly Leu Asp Val Ala Gln Ala Gly 25 30 35 tac cag ggc acc gtg ctt cct gtg ctg gtg gtt tct tgg att ctg gca 259 Tyr Gln Gly Thr Val Leu Pro Val Leu Val Val Ser Trp Ile Leu Ala 40 45 50 acg atc gag aag ttc ctg cac aag cga ctc aag ggc act gca gac ttc 307 Thr Ile Glu Lys Phe Leu His Lys Arg Leu Lys Gly Thr Ala Asp Phe 55 60 65 ctg atc act cca gtg ctg acg ttg ctg ctc acc gga ttc ctt aca ttc 355 Leu Ile Thr Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Leu Leu Thr Gly Phe Leu Thr Phe 70 75 80 85 atc gcc att ggc cca gca atg cgc tgg gtg ggc gat gtg ctg gca cac 403 Ile Ala Ile Gly Pro Ala Met Arg Trp Val Gly Asp Val Leu Ala His 90 95 100 ggt cta cag gga ctt tat gat ttc ggt ggt cca gtc ggc ggt ctg ctc 451 Gly Leu Gln Gly Leu Tyr Asp Phe Gly Gly Pro Val Gly Gly Leu Leu 105 110 115 ttc ggt ctg gtc tac tca cca atc gtc atc act ggt ctg cac cag tcc 499 Phe Gly Leu Val Tyr Ser Pro Ile Val Ile Thr Gly Leu His Gln Ser 120 125 130 ttc ccg cca att gag ctg gag ctg ttt aac cag ggt gga tcc ttc atc 547 Phe Pro Pro Ile Glu Leu Glu Leu Phe Asn Gln Gly Gly Ser Phe Ile 135 140 145 ttc gca acg gca tct atg gct aat atc gcc cag ggt gcg gca tgt ttg 595 Phe Ala Thr Ala Ser Met Ala Asn Ile Ala Gln Gly Ala Ala Cys Leu 150 155 160 165 gca gtg ttc ttc ctg gcg aag agt gaa aag ctc aag ggc ctt gca ggt 643 Ala Val Phe Phe Leu Ala Lys Ser Glu Lys Leu Lys Gly Leu Ala Gly 170 175 180 gct tca ggt gtc tcc gct gtt ctt ggt att acg gag cct gcg atc ttc 691 Ala Ser Gly Val Ser Ala Val Leu Gly Ile Thr Glu Pro Ala Ile Phe 185 190 195 ggt gtg aac ctt cgc ctg cgc tgg ccg ttc ttc atc ggt atc ggt acc 739 Gly Val Asn Leu Arg Leu Arg Trp Pro Phe Phe Ile Gly Ile Gly Thr 200 205 210 gca gct atc ggt ggc gct ttg att gca ctc ttt aat atc aag gca gtt 787 Ala Ala Ile Gly Gly Ala Leu Ile Ala Leu Phe Asn Ile Lys Ala Val 215 220 225 gcg ttg ggc gct gca ggt ttc ttg ggt gtt gtt tct att gat gct cca 835 Ala Leu Gly Ala Ala Gly Phe Leu Gly Val Val Ser Ile Asp Ala Pro 230 235 240 245 gat atg gtc atg ttc ttg gtg tgt gca gtt gtt acc ttc ttc atc gca 883 Asp Met Val Met Phe Leu Val Cys Ala Val Val Thr Phe Phe Ile Ala 250 255 260 ttc ggc gca gcg att gct tat ggc ctt tac ttg gtt cgc cgc aac ggc 931 Phe Gly Ala Ala Ile Ala Tyr Gly Leu Tyr Leu Val Arg Arg Asn Gly 265 270 275 agc att gat cca gat gca acc gct gct cca gtg cct gca gga acg acc 979 Ser Ile Asp Pro Asp Ala Thr Ala Ala Pro Val Pro Ala Gly Thr Thr 280 285 290 aaa gcc gaa gca gaa gca ccc gca gaa ttt tca aac gat tcc acc atc 1027 Lys Ala Glu Ala Glu Ala Pro Ala Glu Phe Ser Asn Asp Ser Thr Ile 295 300 305 atc cag gca cct ttg acc ggt gaa gct att gca ctg agc agc gtc agc 1075 Ile Gln Ala Pro Leu Thr Gly Glu Ala Ile Ala Leu Ser Ser Val Ser 310 315 320 325 gat gcc atg ttt gcc agc gga aag ctt ggc tcg ggc gtt gcc atc gtc 1123 Asp Ala Met Phe Ala Ser Gly Lys Leu Gly Ser Gly Val Ala Ile Val 330 335 340 cca acc aag ggg cag tta gtt tct ccg gtg agt gga aag att gtg gtg 1171 Pro Thr Lys Gly Gln Leu Val Ser Pro Val Ser Gly Lys Ile Val Val 345 350 355 gca ttc cca tct ggc cat gct ttc gca gtt cgc acc aag gct gag gat 1219 Ala Phe Pro Ser Gly His Ala Phe Ala Val Arg Thr Lys Ala Glu Asp 360 365 370 ggt tcc aat gtg gat atc ttg atg cac att ggt ttc gac aca gta aac 1267 Gly Ser Asn Val Asp Ile Leu Met His Ile Gly Phe Asp Thr Val Asn 375 380 385 ctc aac ggc acg cac ttt aac ccg ctg aag aag cag ggc gat gaa gtc 1315 Leu Asn Gly Thr His Phe Asn Pro Leu Lys Lys Gln Gly Asp Glu Val 390 395 400 405 aaa gca ggg gag ctg ctg tgt gaa ttc gat att gat gcc att aag gct 1363 Lys Ala Gly Glu Leu Leu Cys Glu Phe Asp Ile Asp Ala Ile Lys Ala 410 415 420 gca ggt tat gag gta acc acg ccg att gtt gtt tcg aat tac aag aaa 1411 Ala Gly Tyr Glu Val Thr Thr Pro Ile Val Val Ser Asn Tyr Lys Lys 425 430 435 acc gga cct gta aac act tac ggt ttg ggc gaa att gaa gcg gga gcc 1459 Thr Gly Pro Val Asn Thr Tyr Gly Leu Gly Glu Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala 440 445 450 aac ctg ctc aac gtc gca aag aaa gaa gcg gtg cca gca aca cca 1504 Asn Leu Leu Asn Val Ala Lys Lys Glu Ala Val Pro Ala Thr Pro 455 460 465 taagttgaaa ccttgagtgt tcg 1527 10 468 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 10 Met Ala Met Val Phe Pro Ser Leu Val Asn Gly Tyr Asp Val Ala Ala 1 5 10 15 Thr Met Ala Ala Gly Glu Met Pro Met Trp Ser Leu Phe Gly Leu Asp 20 25 30 Val Ala Gln Ala Gly Tyr Gln Gly Thr Val Leu Pro Val Leu Val Val 35 40 45 Ser Trp Ile Leu Ala Thr Ile Glu Lys Phe Leu His Lys Arg Leu Lys 50 55 60 Gly Thr Ala Asp Phe Leu Ile Thr Pro Val Leu Thr Leu Leu Leu Thr 65 70 75 80 Gly Phe Leu Thr Phe Ile Ala Ile Gly Pro Ala Met Arg Trp Val Gly 85 90 95 Asp Val Leu Ala His Gly Leu Gln Gly Leu Tyr Asp Phe Gly Gly Pro 100 105 110 Val Gly Gly Leu Leu Phe Gly Leu Val Tyr Ser Pro Ile Val Ile Thr 115 120 125 Gly Leu His Gln Ser Phe Pro Pro Ile Glu Leu Glu Leu Phe Asn Gln 130 135 140 Gly Gly Ser Phe Ile Phe Ala Thr Ala Ser Met Ala Asn Ile Ala Gln 145 150 155 160 Gly Ala Ala Cys Leu Ala Val Phe Phe Leu Ala Lys Ser Glu Lys Leu 165 170 175 Lys Gly Leu Ala Gly Ala Ser Gly Val Ser Ala Val Leu Gly Ile Thr 180 185 190 Glu Pro Ala Ile Phe Gly Val Asn Leu Arg Leu Arg Trp Pro Phe Phe 195 200 205 Ile Gly Ile Gly Thr Ala Ala Ile Gly Gly Ala Leu Ile Ala Leu Phe 210 215 220 Asn Ile Lys Ala Val Ala Leu Gly Ala Ala Gly Phe Leu Gly Val Val 225 230 235 240 Ser Ile Asp Ala Pro Asp Met Val Met Phe Leu Val Cys Ala Val Val 245 250 255 Thr Phe Phe Ile Ala Phe Gly Ala Ala Ile Ala Tyr Gly Leu Tyr Leu 260 265 270 Val Arg Arg Asn Gly Ser Ile Asp Pro Asp Ala Thr Ala Ala Pro Val 275 280 285 Pro Ala Gly Thr Thr Lys Ala Glu Ala Glu Ala Pro Ala Glu Phe Ser 290 295 300 Asn Asp Ser Thr Ile Ile Gln Ala Pro Leu Thr Gly Glu Ala Ile Ala 305 310 315 320 Leu Ser Ser Val Ser Asp Ala Met Phe Ala Ser Gly Lys Leu Gly Ser 325 330 335 Gly Val Ala Ile Val Pro Thr Lys Gly Gln Leu Val Ser Pro Val Ser 340 345 350 Gly Lys Ile Val Val Ala Phe Pro Ser Gly His Ala Phe Ala Val Arg 355 360 365 Thr Lys Ala Glu Asp Gly Ser Asn Val Asp Ile Leu Met His Ile Gly 370 375 380 Phe Asp Thr Val Asn Leu Asn Gly Thr His Phe Asn Pro Leu Lys Lys 385 390 395 400 Gln Gly Asp Glu Val Lys Ala Gly Glu Leu Leu Cys Glu Phe Asp Ile 405 410 415 Asp Ala Ile Lys Ala Ala Gly Tyr Glu Val Thr Thr Pro Ile Val Val 420 425 430 Ser Asn Tyr Lys Lys Thr Gly Pro Val Asn Thr Tyr Gly Leu Gly Glu 435 440 445 Ile Glu Ala Gly Ala Asn Leu Leu Asn Val Ala Lys Lys Glu Ala Val 450 455 460 Pro Ala Thr Pro 465 11 2187 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(2164) RXN01299 11 cgactgcggc gtctcttcct ggcactacca ttcctcgtcc tgaccaactc gccacagctg 60 gtgcaacggt cacccaagtc aaaggattga aagaatcagc atg aat agc gta aat 115 Met Asn Ser Val Asn 1 5 aat tcc tcg ctt gtc cgg ctg gat gtc gat ttc ggc gac tcc acc acg 163 Asn Ser Ser Leu Val Arg Leu Asp Val Asp Phe Gly Asp Ser Thr Thr 10 15 20 gat gtc atc aac aac ctt gcc act gtt att ttc gac gct ggc cga gct 211 Asp Val Ile Asn Asn Leu Ala Thr Val Ile Phe Asp Ala Gly Arg Ala 25 30 35 tcc tcc gcc gac gcc ctt gcc aaa gac gcg ctg gat cgt gaa gca aag 259 Ser Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Ala Lys Asp Ala Leu Asp Arg Glu Ala Lys 40 45 50 tcc ggc acc ggc gtt cct ggt caa gtt gct atc ccc cac tgc cgt tcc 307 Ser Gly Thr Gly Val Pro Gly Gln Val Ala Ile Pro His Cys Arg Ser 55 60 65 gaa gcc gta tct gtc cct acc ttg ggc ttt gct cgc ctg agc aag ggt 355 Glu Ala Val Ser Val Pro Thr Leu Gly Phe Ala Arg Leu Ser Lys Gly 70 75 80 85 gtg gac ttc agc gga cct gat ggc gat gcc aac ttg gtg ttc ctc att 403 Val Asp Phe Ser Gly Pro Asp Gly Asp Ala Asn Leu Val Phe Leu Ile 90 95 100 gca gca cct gct ggc ggc ggc aaa gag cac ctg aag atc ctg tcc aag 451 Ala Ala Pro Ala Gly Gly Gly Lys Glu His Leu Lys Ile Leu Ser Lys 105 110 115 ctt gct cgc tcc ttg gtg aag aag gat ttc atc aag gct ctg cag gaa 499 Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Val Lys Lys Asp Phe Ile Lys Ala Leu Gln Glu 120 125 130 gcc acc acc gag cag gaa atc gtc gac gtt gtc gat gcc gtg ctc aac 547 Ala Thr Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Val Asp Val Val Asp Ala Val Leu Asn 135 140 145 cca gca cca aaa acc acc gag cca gct gca gct ccg gct gcg gcg gcg 595 Pro Ala Pro Lys Thr Thr Glu Pro Ala Ala Ala Pro Ala Ala Ala Ala 150 155 160 165 gtt gct gag agt ggg gcg gcg tcg aca agc gtt act cgt atc gtg gca 643 Val Ala Glu Ser Gly Ala Ala Ser Thr Ser Val Thr Arg Ile Val Ala 170 175 180 atc acc gca tgc cca acc ggt atc gca cac acc tac atg gct gcg gat 691 Ile Thr Ala Cys Pro Thr Gly Ile Ala His Thr Tyr Met Ala Ala Asp 185 190 195 tcc ctg acg caa aac gcg gaa ggc cgc gat gat gtg gaa ctc gtt gtg 739 Ser Leu Thr Gln Asn Ala Glu Gly Arg Asp Asp Val Glu Leu Val Val 200 205 210 gag act cag ggc tct tcc gct gtc acc cca gtc gat ccg aag atc atc 787 Glu Thr Gln Gly Ser Ser Ala Val Thr Pro Val Asp Pro Lys Ile Ile 215 220 225 gaa gct gcc gac gcc gtc atc ttc gcc acc gac gtg gga gtt aaa gac 835 Glu Ala Ala Asp Ala Val Ile Phe Ala Thr Asp Val Gly Val Lys Asp 230 235 240 245 cgc gag cgt ttc gct ggc aag cca gtc att gaa tcc ggc gtc aag cgc 883 Arg Glu Arg Phe Ala Gly Lys Pro Val Ile Glu Ser Gly Val Lys Arg 250 255 260 gcg atc aat gag cca gcc aag atg atc gac gag gcc atc gca gcc tcc 931 Ala Ile Asn Glu Pro Ala Lys Met Ile Asp Glu Ala Ile Ala Ala Ser 265 270 275 aag aac cca aac gcc cgc aag gtt tcc ggt tcc ggt gtc gcg gca tct 979 Lys Asn Pro Asn Ala Arg Lys Val Ser Gly Ser Gly Val Ala Ala Ser 280 285 290 gct gaa acc acc ggc gag aag ctc ggc tgg ggc aag cgc atc cag cag 1027 Ala Glu Thr Thr Gly Glu Lys Leu Gly Trp Gly Lys Arg Ile Gln Gln 295 300 305 gca gtc atg acc ggc gtg tcc tac atg gtt cca ttc gta gct gcc ggc 1075 Ala Val Met Thr Gly Val Ser Tyr Met Val Pro Phe Val Ala Ala Gly 310 315 320 325 ggc ctc ctg ttg gct ctc ggc ttc gca ttc ggt gga tac gac atg gcg 1123 Gly Leu Leu Leu Ala Leu Gly Phe Ala Phe Gly Gly Tyr Asp Met Ala 330 335 340 aac ggc tgg caa gca atc gcc acc cag ttc tct ctg acc aac ctg cca 1171 Asn Gly Trp Gln Ala Ile Ala Thr Gln Phe Ser Leu Thr Asn Leu Pro 345 350 355 ggc aac acc gtc gat gtt gac ggc gtg gcc atg acc ttc gag cgt tca 1219 Gly Asn Thr Val Asp Val Asp Gly Val Ala Met Thr Phe Glu Arg Ser 360 365 370 ggc ttc ctg ttg tac ttc ggc gca gtc ctg ttc gcc acc ggc caa gca 1267 Gly Phe Leu Leu Tyr Phe Gly Ala Val Leu Phe Ala Thr Gly Gln Ala 375 380 385 gcc atg ggc ttc atc gtg gca gcc ctg tct ggc tac acc gca tac gca 1315 Ala Met Gly Phe Ile Val Ala Ala Leu Ser Gly Tyr Thr Ala Tyr Ala 390 395 400 405 ctt gct gga cgc cca ggc atc gcg ccg ggc ttc gtc ggt ggc gcc atc 1363 Leu Ala Gly Arg Pro Gly Ile Ala Pro Gly Phe Val Gly Gly Ala Ile 410 415 420 tcc gtc acc atc ggc gct ggc ttc att ggt ggt ctg gtt acc ggt atc 1411 Ser Val Thr Ile Gly Ala Gly Phe Ile Gly Gly Leu Val Thr Gly Ile 425 430 435 ttg gct ggt ctc att gcc ctg tgg att ggc tcc tgg aag gtg cca cgc 1459 Leu Ala Gly Leu Ile Ala Leu Trp Ile Gly Ser Trp Lys Val Pro Arg 440 445 450 gtg gtg cag tca ctg atg cct gtg gtc atc atc ccg cta ctt acc tca 1507 Val Val Gln Ser Leu Met Pro Val Val Ile Ile Pro Leu Leu Thr Ser 455 460 465 gtg gtt gtt ggt ctc gtc atg tac ctc ctg ctg ggt cgc cca ctc gca 1555 Val Val Val Gly Leu Val Met Tyr Leu Leu Leu Gly Arg Pro Leu Ala 470 475 480 485 tcc atc atg act ggt ttg cag gac tgg cta tcg tca atg tcc gga agc 1603 Ser Ile Met Thr Gly Leu Gln Asp Trp Leu Ser Ser Met Ser Gly Ser 490 495 500 tcc gcc atc ttg ctg ggt atc atc ttg ggc ctc atg atg tgt ttc gac 1651 Ser Ala Ile Leu Leu Gly Ile Ile Leu Gly Leu Met Met Cys Phe Asp 505 510 515 ctc ggc gga cca gta aac aag gca gcc tac ctc ttt ggt acc gca ggc 1699 Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Asn Lys Ala Ala Tyr Leu Phe Gly Thr Ala Gly 520 525 530 ctg tct acc ggc gac caa gct tcc atg gaa atc atg gcc gcg atc atg 1747 Leu Ser Thr Gly Asp Gln Ala Ser Met Glu Ile Met Ala Ala Ile Met 535 540 545 gca gct ggc atg gtc cca cca atc gcg ttg tcc att gct acc ctg ctg 1795 Ala Ala Gly Met Val Pro Pro Ile Ala Leu Ser Ile Ala Thr Leu Leu 550 555 560 565 cgc aag aag ctg ttc acc cca gca gag caa gaa aac ggc aag tct tcc 1843 Arg Lys Lys Leu Phe Thr Pro Ala Glu Gln Glu Asn Gly Lys Ser Ser 570 575 580 tgg ctg ctt ggc ctg gca ttc gtc tcc gaa ggt gcc atc cca ttc gcc 1891 Trp Leu Leu Gly Leu Ala Phe Val Ser Glu Gly Ala Ile Pro Phe Ala 585 590 595 gca gct gac cca ttc cgt gtg atc cca gca atg atg gct ggc ggt gca 1939 Ala Ala Asp Pro Phe Arg Val Ile Pro Ala Met Met Ala Gly Gly Ala 600 605 610 acc act ggt gca atc tcc atg gca ctg ggc gtc ggc tct cgg gct cca 1987 Thr Thr Gly Ala Ile Ser Met Ala Leu Gly Val Gly Ser Arg Ala Pro 615 620 625 cac ggc ggt atc ttc gtg gtc tgg gca atc gaa cca tgg tgg ggc tgg 2035 His Gly Gly Ile Phe Val Val Trp Ala Ile Glu Pro Trp Trp Gly Trp 630 635 640 645 ctc atc gca ctt gca gca ggc acc atc gtg tcc acc atc gtt gtc atc 2083 Leu Ile Ala Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Ile Val Ser Thr Ile Val Val Ile 650 655 660 gca ctg aag cag ttc tgg cca aac aag gcc gtc gct gca gaa gtc gcg 2131 Ala Leu Lys Gln Phe Trp Pro Asn Lys Ala Val Ala Ala Glu Val Ala 665 670 675 aag caa gaa gca caa caa gca gct gta aac gca taatcggacc ttgacccgat 2184 Lys Gln Glu Ala Gln Gln Ala Ala Val Asn Ala 680 685 gtc 2187 12 688 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 12 Met Asn Ser Val Asn Asn Ser Ser Leu Val Arg Leu Asp Val Asp Phe 1 5 10 15 Gly Asp Ser Thr Thr Asp Val Ile Asn Asn Leu Ala Thr Val Ile Phe 20 25 30 Asp Ala Gly Arg Ala Ser Ser Ala Asp Ala Leu Ala Lys Asp Ala Leu 35 40 45 Asp Arg Glu Ala Lys Ser Gly Thr Gly Val Pro Gly Gln Val Ala Ile 50 55 60 Pro His Cys Arg Ser Glu Ala Val Ser Val Pro Thr Leu Gly Phe Ala 65 70 75 80 Arg Leu Ser Lys Gly Val Asp Phe Ser Gly Pro Asp Gly Asp Ala Asn 85 90 95 Leu Val Phe Leu Ile Ala Ala Pro Ala Gly Gly Gly Lys Glu His Leu 100 105 110 Lys Ile Leu Ser Lys Leu Ala Arg Ser Leu Val Lys Lys Asp Phe Ile 115 120 125 Lys Ala Leu Gln Glu Ala Thr Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Val Asp Val Val 130 135 140 Asp Ala Val Leu Asn Pro Ala Pro Lys Thr Thr Glu Pro Ala Ala Ala 145 150 155 160 Pro Ala Ala Ala Ala Val Ala Glu Ser Gly Ala Ala Ser Thr Ser Val 165 170 175 Thr Arg Ile Val Ala Ile Thr Ala Cys Pro Thr Gly Ile Ala His Thr 180 185 190 Tyr Met Ala Ala Asp Ser Leu Thr Gln Asn Ala Glu Gly Arg Asp Asp 195 200 205 Val Glu Leu Val Val Glu Thr Gln Gly Ser Ser Ala Val Thr Pro Val 210 215 220 Asp Pro Lys Ile Ile Glu Ala Ala Asp Ala Val Ile Phe Ala Thr Asp 225 230 235 240 Val Gly Val Lys Asp Arg Glu Arg Phe Ala Gly Lys Pro Val Ile Glu 245 250 255 Ser Gly Val Lys Arg Ala Ile Asn Glu Pro Ala Lys Met Ile Asp Glu 260 265 270 Ala Ile Ala Ala Ser Lys Asn Pro Asn Ala Arg Lys Val Ser Gly Ser 275 280 285 Gly Val Ala Ala Ser Ala Glu Thr Thr Gly Glu Lys Leu Gly Trp Gly 290 295 300 Lys Arg Ile Gln Gln Ala Val Met Thr Gly Val Ser Tyr Met Val Pro 305 310 315 320 Phe Val Ala Ala Gly Gly Leu Leu Leu Ala Leu Gly Phe Ala Phe Gly 325 330 335 Gly Tyr Asp Met Ala Asn Gly Trp Gln Ala Ile Ala Thr Gln Phe Ser 340 345 350 Leu Thr Asn Leu Pro Gly Asn Thr Val Asp Val Asp Gly Val Ala Met 355 360 365 Thr Phe Glu Arg Ser Gly Phe Leu Leu Tyr Phe Gly Ala Val Leu Phe 370 375 380 Ala Thr Gly Gln Ala Ala Met Gly Phe Ile Val Ala Ala Leu Ser Gly 385 390 395 400 Tyr Thr Ala Tyr Ala Leu Ala Gly Arg Pro Gly Ile Ala Pro Gly Phe 405 410 415 Val Gly Gly Ala Ile Ser Val Thr Ile Gly Ala Gly Phe Ile Gly Gly 420 425 430 Leu Val Thr Gly Ile Leu Ala Gly Leu Ile Ala Leu Trp Ile Gly Ser 435 440 445 Trp Lys Val Pro Arg Val Val Gln Ser Leu Met Pro Val Val Ile Ile 450 455 460 Pro Leu Leu Thr Ser Val Val Val Gly Leu Val Met Tyr Leu Leu Leu 465 470 475 480 Gly Arg Pro Leu Ala Ser Ile Met Thr Gly Leu Gln Asp Trp Leu Ser 485 490 495 Ser Met Ser Gly Ser Ser Ala Ile Leu Leu Gly Ile Ile Leu Gly Leu 500 505 510 Met Met Cys Phe Asp Leu Gly Gly Pro Val Asn Lys Ala Ala Tyr Leu 515 520 525 Phe Gly Thr Ala Gly Leu Ser Thr Gly Asp Gln Ala Ser Met Glu Ile 530 535 540 Met Ala Ala Ile Met Ala Ala Gly Met Val Pro Pro Ile Ala Leu Ser 545 550 555 560 Ile Ala Thr Leu Leu Arg Lys Lys Leu Phe Thr Pro Ala Glu Gln Glu 565 570 575 Asn Gly Lys Ser Ser Trp Leu Leu Gly Leu Ala Phe Val Ser Glu Gly 580 585 590 Ala Ile Pro Phe Ala Ala Ala Asp Pro Phe Arg Val Ile Pro Ala Met 595 600 605 Met Ala Gly Gly Ala Thr Thr Gly Ala Ile Ser Met Ala Leu Gly Val 610 615 620 Gly Ser Arg Ala Pro His Gly Gly Ile Phe Val Val Trp Ala Ile Glu 625 630 635 640 Pro Trp Trp Gly Trp Leu Ile Ala Leu Ala Ala Gly Thr Ile Val Ser 645 650 655 Thr Ile Val Val Ile Ala Leu Lys Gln Phe Trp Pro Asn Lys Ala Val 660 665 670 Ala Ala Glu Val Ala Lys Gln Glu Ala Gln Gln Ala Ala Val Asn Ala 675 680 685 13 416 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (1)..(393) RXA00951 13 atc caa gca atc tta gag aag gca gca gcg ccg gcg aag cag aag gct 48 Ile Gln Ala Ile Leu Glu Lys Ala Ala Ala Pro Ala Lys Gln Lys Ala 1 5 10 15 cct gct gtg gct cct gct gta aca ccc act gac gct cct gca gcc tca 96 Pro Ala Val Ala Pro Ala Val Thr Pro Thr Asp Ala Pro Ala Ala Ser 20 25 30 gtc caa tcc aaa acc cac gac aag atc ctc acc gtc tgt ggc aac ggc 144 Val Gln Ser Lys Thr His Asp Lys Ile Leu Thr Val Cys Gly Asn Gly 35 40 45 ttg ggt acc tcc ctc ttc ctc aaa aac acc ctt gag caa gtt ttc gac 192 Leu Gly Thr Ser Leu Phe Leu Lys Asn Thr Leu Glu Gln Val Phe Asp 50 55 60 acc tgg ggt tgg ggt cca tac atg acg gtg gag gca acc gac act atc 240 Thr Trp Gly Trp Gly Pro Tyr Met Thr Val Glu Ala Thr Asp Thr Ile 65 70 75 80 tcc gcc aag ggc aaa gcc aag gaa gct gat ctc atc atg acc tct ggt 288 Ser Ala Lys Gly Lys Ala Lys Glu Ala Asp Leu Ile Met Thr Ser Gly 85 90 95 gaa atc gcc cgc acg ttg ggt gat gtt gga atc ccg gtt cac gtg atc 336 Glu Ile Ala Arg Thr Leu Gly Asp Val Gly Ile Pro Val His Val Ile 100 105 110 aat gac ttc acg agc acc gat gaa atc gat gct gcg ctt cgt gaa cgc 384 Asn Asp Phe Thr Ser Thr Asp Glu Ile Asp Ala Ala Leu Arg Glu Arg 115 120 125 tac gac atc taactacttt aaaaggacga aaa 416 Tyr Asp Ile 130 14 131 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 14 Ile Gln Ala Ile Leu Glu Lys Ala Ala Ala Pro Ala Lys Gln Lys Ala 1 5 10 15 Pro Ala Val Ala Pro Ala Val Thr Pro Thr Asp Ala Pro Ala Ala Ser 20 25 30 Val Gln Ser Lys Thr His Asp Lys Ile Leu Thr Val Cys Gly Asn Gly 35 40 45 Leu Gly Thr Ser Leu Phe Leu Lys Asn Thr Leu Glu Gln Val Phe Asp 50 55 60 Thr Trp Gly Trp Gly Pro Tyr Met Thr Val Glu Ala Thr Asp Thr Ile 65 70 75 80 Ser Ala Lys Gly Lys Ala Lys Glu Ala Asp Leu Ile Met Thr Ser Gly 85 90 95 Glu Ile Ala Arg Thr Leu Gly Asp Val Gly Ile Pro Val His Val Ile 100 105 110 Asn Asp Phe Thr Ser Thr Asp Glu Ile Asp Ala Ala Leu Arg Glu Arg 115 120 125 Tyr Asp Ile 130 15 1827 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1804) RXN01244 15 gatatgtgtt tgtttgtcaa tatccaaatg tttgaatagt tgcacaactg ttggttttgt 60 ggtgatcttg aggaaattaa ctcaatgatt gtgaggatgg gtg gct act gtg gct 115 Val Ala Thr Val Ala 1 5 gat gtg aat caa gac act gta ctg aag ggc acc ggc gtt gtc ggt gga 163 Asp Val Asn Gln Asp Thr Val Leu Lys Gly Thr Gly Val Val Gly Gly 10 15 20 gtc cgt tat gca agc gcg gtg tgg att acc cca cgc ccc gaa cta ccc 211 Val Arg Tyr Ala Ser Ala Val Trp Ile Thr Pro Arg Pro Glu Leu Pro 25 30 35 caa gca ggc gaa gtc gtc gcc gaa gaa aac cgt gaa gca gag cag gag 259 Gln Ala Gly Glu Val Val Ala Glu Glu Asn Arg Glu Ala Glu Gln Glu 40 45 50 cgt ttc gac gcc gct gca gcc aca gtc tct tct cgt ttg ctt gag cgc 307 Arg Phe Asp Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Val Ser Ser Arg Leu Leu Glu Arg 55 60 65 tcc gaa gct gct gaa gga cca gca gct gag gtg ctt aaa gct act gct 355 Ser Glu Ala Ala Glu Gly Pro Ala Ala Glu Val Leu Lys Ala Thr Ala 70 75 80 85 ggc atg gtc aat gac cgt ggc tgg cgt aag gct gtc atc aag ggt gtc 403 Gly Met Val Asn Asp Arg Gly Trp Arg Lys Ala Val Ile Lys Gly Val 90 95 100 aag ggt ggt cac cct gcg gaa tac gcc gtg gtt gca gca aca acc aag 451 Lys Gly Gly His Pro Ala Glu Tyr Ala Val Val Ala Ala Thr Thr Lys 105 110 115 ttc atc tcc atg ttc gaa gcc gca ggc ggc ctg atc gcg gag cgc acc 499 Phe Ile Ser Met Phe Glu Ala Ala Gly Gly Leu Ile Ala Glu Arg Thr 120 125 130 aca gac ttg cgc gac atc cgc gac cgc gtc atc gca gaa ctt cgt ggc 547 Thr Asp Leu Arg Asp Ile Arg Asp Arg Val Ile Ala Glu Leu Arg Gly 135 140 145 gat gaa gag cca ggt ctg cca gct gtt tcc gga cag gtc att ctc ttt 595 Asp Glu Glu Pro Gly Leu Pro Ala Val Ser Gly Gln Val Ile Leu Phe 150 155 160 165 gca gat gac ctc tcc cca gca gac acc gcg gca cta gac aca gat ctc 643 Ala Asp Asp Leu Ser Pro Ala Asp Thr Ala Ala Leu Asp Thr Asp Leu 170 175 180 ttt gtg gga ctt gtc act gag ctg ggt ggc cca acg agc cac acc gcg 691 Phe Val Gly Leu Val Thr Glu Leu Gly Gly Pro Thr Ser His Thr Ala 185 190 195 atc atc gca cgc cag ctc aac gtg cct tgc atc gtc gca tcc ggc gcc 739 Ile Ile Ala Arg Gln Leu Asn Val Pro Cys Ile Val Ala Ser Gly Ala 200 205 210 ggc atc aag gac atc aag tcc ggc gaa aag gtg ctt atc gac ggc agc 787 Gly Ile Lys Asp Ile Lys Ser Gly Glu Lys Val Leu Ile Asp Gly Ser 215 220 225 ctc ggc acc att gac cgc aac gcg gac gaa gct gaa gca acc aag ctc 835 Leu Gly Thr Ile Asp Arg Asn Ala Asp Glu Ala Glu Ala Thr Lys Leu 230 235 240 245 gtc tcc gag tcc ctc gag cgc gct gct cgc atc gcc gag tgg aag ggt 883 Val Ser Glu Ser Leu Glu Arg Ala Ala Arg Ile Ala Glu Trp Lys Gly 250 255 260 cct gca caa acc aag gac ggc tac cgc gtt cag ctg ttg gcc aac gtc 931 Pro Ala Gln Thr Lys Asp Gly Tyr Arg Val Gln Leu Leu Ala Asn Val 265 270 275 caa gac ggc aac tct gca cag cag gct gca cag acc gaa gca gaa ggc 979 Gln Asp Gly Asn Ser Ala Gln Gln Ala Ala Gln Thr Glu Ala Glu Gly 280 285 290 atc ggc ctg ttc cgc acc gaa ctg tgc ttc ctt tcc gcc acc gaa gag 1027 Ile Gly Leu Phe Arg Thr Glu Leu Cys Phe Leu Ser Ala Thr Glu Glu 295 300 305 cca agc gtt gat gag cag gct gcg gtc tac tca aag gtg ctt gaa gca 1075 Pro Ser Val Asp Glu Gln Ala Ala Val Tyr Ser Lys Val Leu Glu Ala 310 315 320 325 ttc cca gag tcc aag gtc gtt gtc cgc tcc ctc gac gca ggt tct gac 1123 Phe Pro Glu Ser Lys Val Val Val Arg Ser Leu Asp Ala Gly Ser Asp 330 335 340 aag cca gtt cca ttc gca tcg atg gct gat gag atg aac cca gca ctg 1171 Lys Pro Val Pro Phe Ala Ser Met Ala Asp Glu Met Asn Pro Ala Leu 345 350 355 ggt gtt cgt ggc ctg cgt atc gca cgt gga cag gtt gat ctg ctg act 1219 Gly Val Arg Gly Leu Arg Ile Ala Arg Gly Gln Val Asp Leu Leu Thr 360 365 370 cgc cag ctc gac gca att gcg aag gcc agc gaa gaa ctc ggc cgt ggc 1267 Arg Gln Leu Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Ala Ser Glu Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly 375 380 385 gac gac gcc cca acc tgg gtt atg gct cca atg gtg gct acc gct tat 1315 Asp Asp Ala Pro Thr Trp Val Met Ala Pro Met Val Ala Thr Ala Tyr 390 395 400 405 gaa gca aag tgg ttt gct gac atg tgc cgt gag cgt ggc cta atc gcc 1363 Glu Ala Lys Trp Phe Ala Asp Met Cys Arg Glu Arg Gly Leu Ile Ala 410 415 420 ggc gcc atg atc gaa gtt cca gca gca tcc ctg atg gca gac aag atc 1411 Gly Ala Met Ile Glu Val Pro Ala Ala Ser Leu Met Ala Asp Lys Ile 425 430 435 atg cct cac ctg gac ttt gtt tcc atc ggt acc aac gac ctg acc cag 1459 Met Pro His Leu Asp Phe Val Ser Ile Gly Thr Asn Asp Leu Thr Gln 440 445 450 tac acc atg gca gcg gac cgc atg tct cct gag ctt gcc tac ctg acc 1507 Tyr Thr Met Ala Ala Asp Arg Met Ser Pro Glu Leu Ala Tyr Leu Thr 455 460 465 gat cct tgg cag cca gca gtc ctg cgc ctg atc aag cac acc tgt gac 1555 Asp Pro Trp Gln Pro Ala Val Leu Arg Leu Ile Lys His Thr Cys Asp 470 475 480 485 gaa ggt gct cgc ttt aac acc ccg gtc ggt gtt tgt ggt gaa gca gca 1603 Glu Gly Ala Arg Phe Asn Thr Pro Val Gly Val Cys Gly Glu Ala Ala 490 495 500 gca gac cca ctg ttg gca act gtc ctc acc ggt ctt ggc gtg aac tcc 1651 Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Ala Thr Val Leu Thr Gly Leu Gly Val Asn Ser 505 510 515 ctg tcc gca gca tcc act gct ctc gca gca gtc ggt gca aag ctg tca 1699 Leu Ser Ala Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Ala Ala Val Gly Ala Lys Leu Ser 520 525 530 gag gtc acc ctg gaa acc tgt aag aag gca gca gaa gca gca ctt gac 1747 Glu Val Thr Leu Glu Thr Cys Lys Lys Ala Ala Glu Ala Ala Leu Asp 535 540 545 gct gaa ggt gca act gaa gca cgc gat gct gta cgc gca gtg atc gac 1795 Ala Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Arg Asp Ala Val Arg Ala Val Ile Asp 550 555 560 565 gca gca gtc taaaccactg ttgagctaaa aag 1827 Ala Ala Val 16 568 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 16 Val Ala Thr Val Ala Asp Val Asn Gln Asp Thr Val Leu Lys Gly Thr 1 5 10 15 Gly Val Val Gly Gly Val Arg Tyr Ala Ser Ala Val Trp Ile Thr Pro 20 25 30 Arg Pro Glu Leu Pro Gln Ala Gly Glu Val Val Ala Glu Glu Asn Arg 35 40 45 Glu Ala Glu Gln Glu Arg Phe Asp Ala Ala Ala Ala Thr Val Ser Ser 50 55 60 Arg Leu Leu Glu Arg Ser Glu Ala Ala Glu Gly Pro Ala Ala Glu Val 65 70 75 80 Leu Lys Ala Thr Ala Gly Met Val Asn Asp Arg Gly Trp Arg Lys Ala 85 90 95 Val Ile Lys Gly Val Lys Gly Gly His Pro Ala Glu Tyr Ala Val Val 100 105 110 Ala Ala Thr Thr Lys Phe Ile Ser Met Phe Glu Ala Ala Gly Gly Leu 115 120 125 Ile Ala Glu Arg Thr Thr Asp Leu Arg Asp Ile Arg Asp Arg Val Ile 130 135 140 Ala Glu Leu Arg Gly Asp Glu Glu Pro Gly Leu Pro Ala Val Ser Gly 145 150 155 160 Gln Val Ile Leu Phe Ala Asp Asp Leu Ser Pro Ala Asp Thr Ala Ala 165 170 175 Leu Asp Thr Asp Leu Phe Val Gly Leu Val Thr Glu Leu Gly Gly Pro 180 185 190 Thr Ser His Thr Ala Ile Ile Ala Arg Gln Leu Asn Val Pro Cys Ile 195 200 205 Val Ala Ser Gly Ala Gly Ile Lys Asp Ile Lys Ser Gly Glu Lys Val 210 215 220 Leu Ile Asp Gly Ser Leu Gly Thr Ile Asp Arg Asn Ala Asp Glu Ala 225 230 235 240 Glu Ala Thr Lys Leu Val Ser Glu Ser Leu Glu Arg Ala Ala Arg Ile 245 250 255 Ala Glu Trp Lys Gly Pro Ala Gln Thr Lys Asp Gly Tyr Arg Val Gln 260 265 270 Leu Leu Ala Asn Val Gln Asp Gly Asn Ser Ala Gln Gln Ala Ala Gln 275 280 285 Thr Glu Ala Glu Gly Ile Gly Leu Phe Arg Thr Glu Leu Cys Phe Leu 290 295 300 Ser Ala Thr Glu Glu Pro Ser Val Asp Glu Gln Ala Ala Val Tyr Ser 305 310 315 320 Lys Val Leu Glu Ala Phe Pro Glu Ser Lys Val Val Val Arg Ser Leu 325 330 335 Asp Ala Gly Ser Asp Lys Pro Val Pro Phe Ala Ser Met Ala Asp Glu 340 345 350 Met Asn Pro Ala Leu Gly Val Arg Gly Leu Arg Ile Ala Arg Gly Gln 355 360 365 Val Asp Leu Leu Thr Arg Gln Leu Asp Ala Ile Ala Lys Ala Ser Glu 370 375 380 Glu Leu Gly Arg Gly Asp Asp Ala Pro Thr Trp Val Met Ala Pro Met 385 390 395 400 Val Ala Thr Ala Tyr Glu Ala Lys Trp Phe Ala Asp Met Cys Arg Glu 405 410 415 Arg Gly Leu Ile Ala Gly Ala Met Ile Glu Val Pro Ala Ala Ser Leu 420 425 430 Met Ala Asp Lys Ile Met Pro His Leu Asp Phe Val Ser Ile Gly Thr 435 440 445 Asn Asp Leu Thr Gln Tyr Thr Met Ala Ala Asp Arg Met Ser Pro Glu 450 455 460 Leu Ala Tyr Leu Thr Asp Pro Trp Gln Pro Ala Val Leu Arg Leu Ile 465 470 475 480 Lys His Thr Cys Asp Glu Gly Ala Arg Phe Asn Thr Pro Val Gly Val 485 490 495 Cys Gly Glu Ala Ala Ala Asp Pro Leu Leu Ala Thr Val Leu Thr Gly 500 505 510 Leu Gly Val Asn Ser Leu Ser Ala Ala Ser Thr Ala Leu Ala Ala Val 515 520 525 Gly Ala Lys Leu Ser Glu Val Thr Leu Glu Thr Cys Lys Lys Ala Ala 530 535 540 Glu Ala Ala Leu Asp Ala Glu Gly Ala Thr Glu Ala Arg Asp Ala Val 545 550 555 560 Arg Ala Val Ile Asp Ala Ala Val 565 17 390 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(367) RXA01300 17 gatcgacatt aaatcccctc ccttgggggg tttaactaac aaatcgctgc gccctaatcc 60 gttcggatta acggcgtagc aacacgaaag gacactttcc atg gct tcc aag act 115 Met Ala Ser Lys Thr 1 5 gta acc gtc ggt tcc tcc gtt ggc ctg cac gca cgt cca gca tcc atc 163 Val Thr Val Gly Ser Ser Val Gly Leu His Ala Arg Pro Ala Ser Ile 10 15 20 atc gct gaa gcg gct gct gag tac gac gac gaa atc ttg ctg acc ctg 211 Ile Ala Glu Ala Ala Ala Glu Tyr Asp Asp Glu Ile Leu Leu Thr Leu 25 30 35 gtt ggc tcc gat gat gac gaa gag acc gac gcg tcc tct tcc ctc atg 259 Val Gly Ser Asp Asp Asp Glu Glu Thr Asp Ala Ser Ser Ser Leu Met 40 45 50 atc atg gcg ctg ggc gca gag cac ggc aac gaa gtt acc gtc acc tcc 307 Ile Met Ala Leu Gly Ala Glu His Gly Asn Glu Val Thr Val Thr Ser 55 60 65 gac aac gct gaa gct gtt gag aag atc gct gcg ctt atc gca cag gac 355 Asp Asn Ala Glu Ala Val Glu Lys Ile Ala Ala Leu Ile Ala Gln Asp 70 75 80 85 ctt gac gct gag taaacaacgc tctgcttgtt aaa 390 Leu Asp Ala Glu 18 89 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 18 Met Ala Ser Lys Thr Val Thr Val Gly Ser Ser Val Gly Leu His Ala 1 5 10 15 Arg Pro Ala Ser Ile Ile Ala Glu Ala Ala Ala Glu Tyr Asp Asp Glu 20 25 30 Ile Leu Leu Thr Leu Val Gly Ser Asp Asp Asp Glu Glu Thr Asp Ala 35 40 45 Ser Ser Ser Leu Met Ile Met Ala Leu Gly Ala Glu His Gly Asn Glu 50 55 60 Val Thr Val Thr Ser Asp Asn Ala Glu Ala Val Glu Lys Ile Ala Ala 65 70 75 80 Leu Ile Ala Gln Asp Leu Asp Ala Glu 85 19 508 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(508) RXN03002 19 ggaacttcga ggtgtcttcg tggggcgtac ggagatctag caagtgtggc tttatgtttg 60 accctatccg aatcaacatg cagtgaatta acatctactt atg ttt gta ctc aaa 115 Met Phe Val Leu Lys 1 5 gat ctg cta aag gca gaa cgc ata gaa ctc gac cgc acg gtc acc gat 163 Asp Leu Leu Lys Ala Glu Arg Ile Glu Leu Asp Arg Thr Val Thr Asp 10 15 20 tgg cgt gaa ggc atc cgc gcc gca ggt gta ctc cta gaa aag aca aac 211 Trp Arg Glu Gly Ile Arg Ala Ala Gly Val Leu Leu Glu Lys Thr Asn 25 30 35 agc att gat tcc gcc tac acc gat gcc atg atc gcc agc gtg gaa gaa 259 Ser Ile Asp Ser Ala Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Ile Ala Ser Val Glu Glu 40 45 50 aaa ggc ccc tac att gtg gtc gct cca ggt ttc gct ttc gcg cac gcc 307 Lys Gly Pro Tyr Ile Val Val Ala Pro Gly Phe Ala Phe Ala His Ala 55 60 65 cgc ccc agc aga gca gtc cgc gag acc gct atg tcg tgg gtg cgc ctg 355 Arg Pro Ser Arg Ala Val Arg Glu Thr Ala Met Ser Trp Val Arg Leu 70 75 80 85 gcc tcc cct gtt tcc ttc ggt cac agt aag aat gat ccc ctc aat ctc 403 Ala Ser Pro Val Ser Phe Gly His Ser Lys Asn Asp Pro Leu Asn Leu 90 95 100 atc gtt gct ctc gct gcc aaa gat gcc acc gca cat acc caa gcg atg 451 Ile Val Ala Leu Ala Ala Lys Asp Ala Thr Ala His Thr Gln Ala Met 105 110 115 gcg gca ttg gct aaa gct tta gga aaa tac cga aag gat ctc gac gag 499 Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Ala Leu Gly Lys Tyr Arg Lys Asp Leu Asp Glu 120 125 130 gca caa agt 508 Ala Gln Ser 135 20 136 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 20 Met Phe Val Leu Lys Asp Leu Leu Lys Ala Glu Arg Ile Glu Leu Asp 1 5 10 15 Arg Thr Val Thr Asp Trp Arg Glu Gly Ile Arg Ala Ala Gly Val Leu 20 25 30 Leu Glu Lys Thr Asn Ser Ile Asp Ser Ala Tyr Thr Asp Ala Met Ile 35 40 45 Ala Ser Val Glu Glu Lys Gly Pro Tyr Ile Val Val Ala Pro Gly Phe 50 55 60 Ala Phe Ala His Ala Arg Pro Ser Arg Ala Val Arg Glu Thr Ala Met 65 70 75 80 Ser Trp Val Arg Leu Ala Ser Pro Val Ser Phe Gly His Ser Lys Asn 85 90 95 Asp Pro Leu Asn Leu Ile Val Ala Leu Ala Ala Lys Asp Ala Thr Ala 100 105 110 His Thr Gln Ala Met Ala Ala Leu Ala Lys Ala Leu Gly Lys Tyr Arg 115 120 125 Lys Asp Leu Asp Glu Ala Gln Ser 130 135 21 789 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (14)..(766) 21 cttgcattcc cca atg gcg cca cca acg gta ggc aac tac atc atg cag tcc 52 Met Ala Pro Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Tyr Ile Met Gln Ser 1 5 10 ttc act caa ggt ctg cag ttc ggc gtt gca gtt gcc gtg att ctc ttt 100 Phe Thr Gln Gly Leu Gln Phe Gly Val Ala Val Ala Val Ile Leu Phe 15 20 25 ggt gtc cgc acc att ctt ggt gaa ctg gtc ccc gca ttc caa ggt att 148 Gly Val Arg Thr Ile Leu Gly Glu Leu Val Pro Ala Phe Gln Gly Ile 30 35 40 45 gct gcg aag gtt gtt ccc gga gct atc ccc gca ttg gat gca ccg atc 196 Ala Ala Lys Val Val Pro Gly Ala Ile Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Pro Ile 50 55 60 gtg ttc ccc tac gcg cag aac gcc gtt ctc att ggt ttc ttg tct tcc 244 Val Phe Pro Tyr Ala Gln Asn Ala Val Leu Ile Gly Phe Leu Ser Ser 65 70 75 ttc gtc ggt ggc ttg gtt ggc ctg act gtt ctt gca tcg tgg ctg aac 292 Phe Val Gly Gly Leu Val Gly Leu Thr Val Leu Ala Ser Trp Leu Asn 80 85 90 cca gct ttt ggt gtc gcg ttg att ctg cct ggt ttg gtc ccc cac ttc 340 Pro Ala Phe Gly Val Ala Leu Ile Leu Pro Gly Leu Val Pro His Phe 95 100 105 ttc act ggt ggc gcg gcg ggc gtt tac ggt aat gcc acg ggt ggt cgt 388 Phe Thr Gly Gly Ala Ala Gly Val Tyr Gly Asn Ala Thr Gly Gly Arg 110 115 120 125 cga gga gca gta ttt ggc gcc ttt gcc aac ggt ctt ctg att acc ttc 436 Arg Gly Ala Val Phe Gly Ala Phe Ala Asn Gly Leu Leu Ile Thr Phe 130 135 140 ctc cct gct ttc ctg ctt ggt gtg ctt ggt tcc ttc ggg tca gag aac 484 Leu Pro Ala Phe Leu Leu Gly Val Leu Gly Ser Phe Gly Ser Glu Asn 145 150 155 acc act ttc ggt gat gcg gac ttt ggt tgg ttc gga atc gtt gtt ggt 532 Thr Thr Phe Gly Asp Ala Asp Phe Gly Trp Phe Gly Ile Val Val Gly 160 165 170 tct gca gcc aag gtg gaa ggt gct ggc ggg ctc atc ttg ttg ctc atc 580 Ser Ala Ala Lys Val Glu Gly Ala Gly Gly Leu Ile Leu Leu Leu Ile 175 180 185 atc gca gcg gtt ctt ctg ggt ggc gcg atg gtc ttc cag aag cgc gtc 628 Ile Ala Ala Val Leu Leu Gly Gly Ala Met Val Phe Gln Lys Arg Val 190 195 200 205 gtg aat ggg cac tgg gat cca gct ccc aac cgt gag cgc gtg gag aag 676 Val Asn Gly His Trp Asp Pro Ala Pro Asn Arg Glu Arg Val Glu Lys 210 215 220 gcg gaa gct gat gcc act cca acg gct ggg gct cgg acc tac cct aag 724 Ala Glu Ala Asp Ala Thr Pro Thr Ala Gly Ala Arg Thr Tyr Pro Lys 225 230 235 att gct cct ccg gcg ggc gct cct acc cca ccg gct cga agc taagatc 773 Ile Ala Pro Pro Ala Gly Ala Pro Thr Pro Pro Ala Arg Ser 240 245 250 tccaaaaccc tgagat 789 22 251 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 22 Met Ala Pro Pro Thr Val Gly Asn Tyr Ile Met Gln Ser Phe Thr Gln 1 5 10 15 Gly Leu Gln Phe Gly Val Ala Val Ala Val Ile Leu Phe Gly Val Arg 20 25 30 Thr Ile Leu Gly Glu Leu Val Pro Ala Phe Gln Gly Ile Ala Ala Lys 35 40 45 Val Val Pro Gly Ala Ile Pro Ala Leu Asp Ala Pro Ile Val Phe Pro 50 55 60 Tyr Ala Gln Asn Ala Val Leu Ile Gly Phe Leu Ser Ser Phe Val Gly 65 70 75 80 Gly Leu Val Gly Leu Thr Val Leu Ala Ser Trp Leu Asn Pro Ala Phe 85 90 95 Gly Val Ala Leu Ile Leu Pro Gly Leu Val Pro His Phe Phe Thr Gly 100 105 110 Gly Ala Ala Gly Val Tyr Gly Asn Ala Thr Gly Gly Arg Arg Gly Ala 115 120 125 Val Phe Gly Ala Phe Ala Asn Gly Leu Leu Ile Thr Phe Leu Pro Ala 130 135 140 Phe Leu Leu Gly Val Leu Gly Ser Phe Gly Ser Glu Asn Thr Thr Phe 145 150 155 160 Gly Asp Ala Asp Phe Gly Trp Phe Gly Ile Val Val Gly Ser Ala Ala 165 170 175 Lys Val Glu Gly Ala Gly Gly Leu Ile Leu Leu Leu Ile Ile Ala Ala 180 185 190 Val Leu Leu Gly Gly Ala Met Val Phe Gln Lys Arg Val Val Asn Gly 195 200 205 His Trp Asp Pro Ala Pro Asn Arg Glu Arg Val Glu Lys Ala Glu Ala 210 215 220 Asp Ala Thr Pro Thr Ala Gly Ala Arg Thr Tyr Pro Lys Ile Ala Pro 225 230 235 240 Pro Ala Gly Ala Pro Thr Pro Pro Ala Arg Ser 245 250 23 553 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(553) RXC03001 23 cccggttcac gtgatcaatg acttcacgag caccgatgaa atcgatgctg cgcttcgtga 60 acgctacgac atctaactac tttaaaagga cgaaaatatt atg gac tgg tta acc 115 Met Asp Trp Leu Thr 1 5 att cct ctt ttc ctc gtt aat gaa atc ctt gcg gtt ccg gct ttc ctc 163 Ile Pro Leu Phe Leu Val Asn Glu Ile Leu Ala Val Pro Ala Phe Leu 10 15 20 atc ggt atc atc acc gcc gtg gga ttg ggt gcc atg ggg cgt tcc gtc 211 Ile Gly Ile Ile Thr Ala Val Gly Leu Gly Ala Met Gly Arg Ser Val 25 30 35 ggt cag gtt atc ggt gga gca atc aaa gca acg ttg ggc ttt ttg ctc 259 Gly Gln Val Ile Gly Gly Ala Ile Lys Ala Thr Leu Gly Phe Leu Leu 40 45 50 att ggt gcg ggt gcc acg ttg gtc act gcc tcc ctg gag cca ctg ggt 307 Ile Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Leu Val Thr Ala Ser Leu Glu Pro Leu Gly 55 60 65 gcg atg atc atg ggt gcc aca ggc atg cgt ggt gtt gtc cca acg aat 355 Ala Met Ile Met Gly Ala Thr Gly Met Arg Gly Val Val Pro Thr Asn 70 75 80 85 gaa gcc atc gcc gga atc gca cag gct gaa tac ggc gcg cag gtg gcg 403 Glu Ala Ile Ala Gly Ile Ala Gln Ala Glu Tyr Gly Ala Gln Val Ala 90 95 100 tgg ctg atg att ctg ggc ttc gcc atc tct ttg gtg ttg gct cgt ttc 451 Trp Leu Met Ile Leu Gly Phe Ala Ile Ser Leu Val Leu Ala Arg Phe 105 110 115 acc aac ctg cgt tat gtc ttg ctc aac gga cac cac gtg ctg ttg atg 499 Thr Asn Leu Arg Tyr Val Leu Leu Asn Gly His His Val Leu Leu Met 120 125 130 tgc acc atg ctc acc atg gtc ttg gcc acc gga aga gtt gat gcg tgg 547 Cys Thr Met Leu Thr Met Val Leu Ala Thr Gly Arg Val Asp Ala Trp 135 140 145 atc ttc 553 Ile Phe 150 24 151 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 24 Met Asp Trp Leu Thr Ile Pro Leu Phe Leu Val Asn Glu Ile Leu Ala 1 5 10 15 Val Pro Ala Phe Leu Ile Gly Ile Ile Thr Ala Val Gly Leu Gly Ala 20 25 30 Met Gly Arg Ser Val Gly Gln Val Ile Gly Gly Ala Ile Lys Ala Thr 35 40 45 Leu Gly Phe Leu Leu Ile Gly Ala Gly Ala Thr Leu Val Thr Ala Ser 50 55 60 Leu Glu Pro Leu Gly Ala Met Ile Met Gly Ala Thr Gly Met Arg Gly 65 70 75 80 Val Val Pro Thr Asn Glu Ala Ile Ala Gly Ile Ala Gln Ala Glu Tyr 85 90 95 Gly Ala Gln Val Ala Trp Leu Met Ile Leu Gly Phe Ala Ile Ser Leu 100 105 110 Val Leu Ala Arg Phe Thr Asn Leu Arg Tyr Val Leu Leu Asn Gly His 115 120 125 His Val Leu Leu Met Cys Thr Met Leu Thr Met Val Leu Ala Thr Gly 130 135 140 Arg Val Asp Ala Trp Ile Phe 145 150 25 2172 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(2149) RXN01943 25 ccgattcttt ttcggcccaa ttcgtaacgg cgatcctctt aagtggacaa gaaagtctct 60 tgcccgcggg agacagaccc tacgtttaga aaggtttgac atg gcg tcc aaa ctg 115 Met Ala Ser Lys Leu 1 5 acg acg aca tcg caa cat att ctg gaa aac ctt ggt gga cca gac aat 163 Thr Thr Thr Ser Gln His Ile Leu Glu Asn Leu Gly Gly Pro Asp Asn 10 15 20 att act tcg atg act cac tgt gcg act cgc ctt cgc ttc caa gtg aag 211 Ile Thr Ser Met Thr His Cys Ala Thr Arg Leu Arg Phe Gln Val Lys 25 30 35 gat caa tcc att gtt gat caa caa gaa att gac tcc gac cca tca gtt 259 Asp Gln Ser Ile Val Asp Gln Gln Glu Ile Asp Ser Asp Pro Ser Val 40 45 50 ctt ggc gta gta ccc caa gga tcc acc ggt atg cag gtg gtg atg ggt 307 Leu Gly Val Val Pro Gln Gly Ser Thr Gly Met Gln Val Val Met Gly 55 60 65 gga tct gtt gca aac tat tac caa gaa atc ctc aaa ctt gat gga atg 355 Gly Ser Val Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gln Glu Ile Leu Lys Leu Asp Gly Met 70 75 80 85 aag cac ttc gcc gac ggt gaa gct aca gag agt tca tcc aag aag gaa 403 Lys His Phe Ala Asp Gly Glu Ala Thr Glu Ser Ser Ser Lys Lys Glu 90 95 100 tac ggc gga gtc cgt ggc aag tac tcg tgg att gac tac gcc ttc gag 451 Tyr Gly Gly Val Arg Gly Lys Tyr Ser Trp Ile Asp Tyr Ala Phe Glu 105 110 115 ttc ttg tct gat act ttc cga cca atc ctg tgg gcc ctg ctt ggt gcc 499 Phe Leu Ser Asp Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Leu Trp Ala Leu Leu Gly Ala 120 125 130 tca ctg att att acc ttg ttg gtt ctt gcg gat act ttc ggt ttg caa 547 Ser Leu Ile Ile Thr Leu Leu Val Leu Ala Asp Thr Phe Gly Leu Gln 135 140 145 gac ttc cgc gct cca atg gat gag cag cct gat act tat gta ttc ctg 595 Asp Phe Arg Ala Pro Met Asp Glu Gln Pro Asp Thr Tyr Val Phe Leu 150 155 160 165 cac tcc atg tgg cgc tcg gtc ttc tac ttc ctg cca att atg gtt ggt 643 His Ser Met Trp Arg Ser Val Phe Tyr Phe Leu Pro Ile Met Val Gly 170 175 180 gcc acc gca gct cga aag ctc ggc gca aac gag tgg att ggt gca gct 691 Ala Thr Ala Ala Arg Lys Leu Gly Ala Asn Glu Trp Ile Gly Ala Ala 185 190 195 att cca gcc gca ctt ctt act cca gaa ttc ttg gca ctg ggt tct gcc 739 Ile Pro Ala Ala Leu Leu Thr Pro Glu Phe Leu Ala Leu Gly Ser Ala 200 205 210 ggc gat acc gtc aca gtc ttt ggc ctg cca atg gtt ctg aat gac tac 787 Gly Asp Thr Val Thr Val Phe Gly Leu Pro Met Val Leu Asn Asp Tyr 215 220 225 tcc gga cag gta ttc cca ccg ctg att gca gca att ggt ctg tac tgg 835 Ser Gly Gln Val Phe Pro Pro Leu Ile Ala Ala Ile Gly Leu Tyr Trp 230 235 240 245 gtg gaa aag gga ctg aag aag atc atc cct gaa gca gtc caa atg gtg 883 Val Glu Lys Gly Leu Lys Lys Ile Ile Pro Glu Ala Val Gln Met Val 250 255 260 ttc gtc cca ttc ttc tcc ctg ctg att atg atc cca gcg acc gca ttc 931 Phe Val Pro Phe Phe Ser Leu Leu Ile Met Ile Pro Ala Thr Ala Phe 265 270 275 ctg ctt gga cct ttc ggc atc ggt gtt ggt aac gga att tcc aac ctg 979 Leu Leu Gly Pro Phe Gly Ile Gly Val Gly Asn Gly Ile Ser Asn Leu 280 285 290 ctt gaa gcg att aac aac ttc agc cca ttt att ctt tcc atc gtt atc 1027 Leu Glu Ala Ile Asn Asn Phe Ser Pro Phe Ile Leu Ser Ile Val Ile 295 300 305 cca ttg ctc tac cca ttc ttg gtt cca ctt gga ttg cac tgg cca cta 1075 Pro Leu Leu Tyr Pro Phe Leu Val Pro Leu Gly Leu His Trp Pro Leu 310 315 320 325 aac gcc atc atg atc cag aac atc aac acc ctg ggt tac gac ttc att 1123 Asn Ala Ile Met Ile Gln Asn Ile Asn Thr Leu Gly Tyr Asp Phe Ile 330 335 340 cag gga cca atg ggt gcc tgg aac ttc gcc tgc ttc ggc ctg gtc acc 1171 Gln Gly Pro Met Gly Ala Trp Asn Phe Ala Cys Phe Gly Leu Val Thr 345 350 355 ggc gtg ttc ttg ctc tcc att aag gaa cga aac aag gcc atg cgt cag 1219 Gly Val Phe Leu Leu Ser Ile Lys Glu Arg Asn Lys Ala Met Arg Gln 360 365 370 gtt tcc ctg ggt ggc atg ttg gct ggt ttg ctc ggc ggc att tcc gag 1267 Val Ser Leu Gly Gly Met Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu Gly Gly Ile Ser Glu 375 380 385 cct tcc ctc tac ggt gtt ctg ctc cga ttc aag aag acc tac ttc cgc 1315 Pro Ser Leu Tyr Gly Val Leu Leu Arg Phe Lys Lys Thr Tyr Phe Arg 390 395 400 405 ctc ctg ccg ggt tgt ttg gca ggc ggt atc gtg atg ggc atc ttc gac 1363 Leu Leu Pro Gly Cys Leu Ala Gly Gly Ile Val Met Gly Ile Phe Asp 410 415 420 atc aag gcg tac gct ttc gtg ttc acc tcc ttg ctt acc atc cca gca 1411 Ile Lys Ala Tyr Ala Phe Val Phe Thr Ser Leu Leu Thr Ile Pro Ala 425 430 435 atg gac cca tgg ttg ggc tac acc att ggt atc gca gtt gca ttc ttc 1459 Met Asp Pro Trp Leu Gly Tyr Thr Ile Gly Ile Ala Val Ala Phe Phe 440 445 450 gtt tcc atg ttc ctt gtt ctc gca ctg gac tac cgt tcc aac gaa gag 1507 Val Ser Met Phe Leu Val Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr Arg Ser Asn Glu Glu 455 460 465 cgc gat gag gca cgt gca aag gtt gct gct gac aag cag gca gaa gaa 1555 Arg Asp Glu Ala Arg Ala Lys Val Ala Ala Asp Lys Gln Ala Glu Glu 470 475 480 485 gat ctg aag gca gaa gct aat gca act cct gca gct cca gta gct gct 1603 Asp Leu Lys Ala Glu Ala Asn Ala Thr Pro Ala Ala Pro Val Ala Ala 490 495 500 gca ggt gcg gga gcc ggt gca ggt gca gga gcc gct gct ggc gct gca 1651 Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala 505 510 515 acc gcc gtg gca gct aag ccg aag ctg gcc gct ggg gaa gta gtg gac 1699 Thr Ala Val Ala Ala Lys Pro Lys Leu Ala Ala Gly Glu Val Val Asp 520 525 530 att gtt tcc cca ctc gaa ggc aag gca att cca ctt tct gaa gta cct 1747 Ile Val Ser Pro Leu Glu Gly Lys Ala Ile Pro Leu Ser Glu Val Pro 535 540 545 gac cca atc ttt gca gca ggc aag ctt gga cca ggc att gca atc caa 1795 Asp Pro Ile Phe Ala Ala Gly Lys Leu Gly Pro Gly Ile Ala Ile Gln 550 555 560 565 cca act gga aac acc gtt gtt gct cca gca gac gct act gtc atc ctt 1843 Pro Thr Gly Asn Thr Val Val Ala Pro Ala Asp Ala Thr Val Ile Leu 570 575 580 gtc cag aaa tct gga cac gca gtg gca ttg cgc tta gat agc gga gtt 1891 Val Gln Lys Ser Gly His Ala Val Ala Leu Arg Leu Asp Ser Gly Val 585 590 595 gaa atc ctt gtc cac gtt gga ttg gac acc gtg caa ttg ggc ggc gaa 1939 Glu Ile Leu Val His Val Gly Leu Asp Thr Val Gln Leu Gly Gly Glu 600 605 610 ggc ttc acc gtt cac gtt gag cgc agg cag caa gtc aag gcg ggg gat 1987 Gly Phe Thr Val His Val Glu Arg Arg Gln Gln Val Lys Ala Gly Asp 615 620 625 cca ctg atc act ttt gac gct gac ttc att cga tcc aag gat cta cct 2035 Pro Leu Ile Thr Phe Asp Ala Asp Phe Ile Arg Ser Lys Asp Leu Pro 630 635 640 645 ttg atc acc cca gtt gtg gtg tct aac gcc gcg aaa ttc ggt gaa att 2083 Leu Ile Thr Pro Val Val Val Ser Asn Ala Ala Lys Phe Gly Glu Ile 650 655 660 gaa ggt att cct gca gat cag gca aat tct tcc acg act gtg atc aag 2131 Glu Gly Ile Pro Ala Asp Gln Ala Asn Ser Ser Thr Thr Val Ile Lys 665 670 675 gtc aac ggc aag aac gag taacctggga tccatgttgc gca 2172 Val Asn Gly Lys Asn Glu 680 26 683 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 26 Met Ala Ser Lys Leu Thr Thr Thr Ser Gln His Ile Leu Glu Asn Leu 1 5 10 15 Gly Gly Pro Asp Asn Ile Thr Ser Met Thr His Cys Ala Thr Arg Leu 20 25 30 Arg Phe Gln Val Lys Asp Gln Ser Ile Val Asp Gln Gln Glu Ile Asp 35 40 45 Ser Asp Pro Ser Val Leu Gly Val Val Pro Gln Gly Ser Thr Gly Met 50 55 60 Gln Val Val Met Gly Gly Ser Val Ala Asn Tyr Tyr Gln Glu Ile Leu 65 70 75 80 Lys Leu Asp Gly Met Lys His Phe Ala Asp Gly Glu Ala Thr Glu Ser 85 90 95 Ser Ser Lys Lys Glu Tyr Gly Gly Val Arg Gly Lys Tyr Ser Trp Ile 100 105 110 Asp Tyr Ala Phe Glu Phe Leu Ser Asp Thr Phe Arg Pro Ile Leu Trp 115 120 125 Ala Leu Leu Gly Ala Ser Leu Ile Ile Thr Leu Leu Val Leu Ala Asp 130 135 140 Thr Phe Gly Leu Gln Asp Phe Arg Ala Pro Met Asp Glu Gln Pro Asp 145 150 155 160 Thr Tyr Val Phe Leu His Ser Met Trp Arg Ser Val Phe Tyr Phe Leu 165 170 175 Pro Ile Met Val Gly Ala Thr Ala Ala Arg Lys Leu Gly Ala Asn Glu 180 185 190 Trp Ile Gly Ala Ala Ile Pro Ala Ala Leu Leu Thr Pro Glu Phe Leu 195 200 205 Ala Leu Gly Ser Ala Gly Asp Thr Val Thr Val Phe Gly Leu Pro Met 210 215 220 Val Leu Asn Asp Tyr Ser Gly Gln Val Phe Pro Pro Leu Ile Ala Ala 225 230 235 240 Ile Gly Leu Tyr Trp Val Glu Lys Gly Leu Lys Lys Ile Ile Pro Glu 245 250 255 Ala Val Gln Met Val Phe Val Pro Phe Phe Ser Leu Leu Ile Met Ile 260 265 270 Pro Ala Thr Ala Phe Leu Leu Gly Pro Phe Gly Ile Gly Val Gly Asn 275 280 285 Gly Ile Ser Asn Leu Leu Glu Ala Ile Asn Asn Phe Ser Pro Phe Ile 290 295 300 Leu Ser Ile Val Ile Pro Leu Leu Tyr Pro Phe Leu Val Pro Leu Gly 305 310 315 320 Leu His Trp Pro Leu Asn Ala Ile Met Ile Gln Asn Ile Asn Thr Leu 325 330 335 Gly Tyr Asp Phe Ile Gln Gly Pro Met Gly Ala Trp Asn Phe Ala Cys 340 345 350 Phe Gly Leu Val Thr Gly Val Phe Leu Leu Ser Ile Lys Glu Arg Asn 355 360 365 Lys Ala Met Arg Gln Val Ser Leu Gly Gly Met Leu Ala Gly Leu Leu 370 375 380 Gly Gly Ile Ser Glu Pro Ser Leu Tyr Gly Val Leu Leu Arg Phe Lys 385 390 395 400 Lys Thr Tyr Phe Arg Leu Leu Pro Gly Cys Leu Ala Gly Gly Ile Val 405 410 415 Met Gly Ile Phe Asp Ile Lys Ala Tyr Ala Phe Val Phe Thr Ser Leu 420 425 430 Leu Thr Ile Pro Ala Met Asp Pro Trp Leu Gly Tyr Thr Ile Gly Ile 435 440 445 Ala Val Ala Phe Phe Val Ser Met Phe Leu Val Leu Ala Leu Asp Tyr 450 455 460 Arg Ser Asn Glu Glu Arg Asp Glu Ala Arg Ala Lys Val Ala Ala Asp 465 470 475 480 Lys Gln Ala Glu Glu Asp Leu Lys Ala Glu Ala Asn Ala Thr Pro Ala 485 490 495 Ala Pro Val Ala Ala Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala Gly Ala 500 505 510 Ala Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Ala Val Ala Ala Lys Pro Lys Leu Ala Ala 515 520 525 Gly Glu Val Val Asp Ile Val Ser Pro Leu Glu Gly Lys Ala Ile Pro 530 535 540 Leu Ser Glu Val Pro Asp Pro Ile Phe Ala Ala Gly Lys Leu Gly Pro 545 550 555 560 Gly Ile Ala Ile Gln Pro Thr Gly Asn Thr Val Val Ala Pro Ala Asp 565 570 575 Ala Thr Val Ile Leu Val Gln Lys Ser Gly His Ala Val Ala Leu Arg 580 585 590 Leu Asp Ser Gly Val Glu Ile Leu Val His Val Gly Leu Asp Thr Val 595 600 605 Gln Leu Gly Gly Glu Gly Phe Thr Val His Val Glu Arg Arg Gln Gln 610 615 620 Val Lys Ala Gly Asp Pro Leu Ile Thr Phe Asp Ala Asp Phe Ile Arg 625 630 635 640 Ser Lys Asp Leu Pro Leu Ile Thr Pro Val Val Val Ser Asn Ala Ala 645 650 655 Lys Phe Gly Glu Ile Glu Gly Ile Pro Ala Asp Gln Ala Asn Ser Ser 660 665 670 Thr Thr Val Ile Lys Val Asn Gly Lys Asn Glu 675 680 27 372 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(349) RXA01503 27 gtatcctcaa aggccttcta gctgttgcag ctgcagcgca ctcggtggat acgacatcca 60 cgacctatca aattctttat gctgcaggcg atgccttttc atg ttc ttg gca gtc 115 Met Phe Leu Ala Val 1 5 att ttg gcg att act gcg gct cgt aaa ttc ggt gcc aat gtc ttt aca 163 Ile Leu Ala Ile Thr Ala Ala Arg Lys Phe Gly Ala Asn Val Phe Thr 10 15 20 tca gtc gca ctc gct ggt gca ttg ctg cac aca cag ctt cag gca gta 211 Ser Val Ala Leu Ala Gly Ala Leu Leu His Thr Gln Leu Gln Ala Val 25 30 35 acc gtg ttg gtt gac ggt gaa ctc cag tcg atg act ctg gtg gct ttc 259 Thr Val Leu Val Asp Gly Glu Leu Gln Ser Met Thr Leu Val Ala Phe 40 45 50 caa aag gct ggt aat gac gtc acc ttc ctg ggc att cca gtg gtg ctg 307 Gln Lys Ala Gly Asn Asp Val Thr Phe Leu Gly Ile Pro Val Val Leu 55 60 65 cag ttg gcg ttg cat gta gcg agt ttg atg aag ttg tcg cga 349 Gln Leu Ala Leu His Val Ala Ser Leu Met Lys Leu Ser Arg 70 75 80 taagaggagg ggcgtgtcgg tct 372 28 83 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 28 Met Phe Leu Ala Val Ile Leu Ala Ile Thr Ala Ala Arg Lys Phe Gly 1 5 10 15 Ala Asn Val Phe Thr Ser Val Ala Leu Ala Gly Ala Leu Leu His Thr 20 25 30 Gln Leu Gln Ala Val Thr Val Leu Val Asp Gly Glu Leu Gln Ser Met 35 40 45 Thr Leu Val Ala Phe Gln Lys Ala Gly Asn Asp Val Thr Phe Leu Gly 50 55 60 Ile Pro Val Val Leu Gln Leu Ala Leu His Val Ala Ser Leu Met Lys 65 70 75 80 Leu Ser Arg 29 1578 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1555) RXN00351 29 gaaggctgct gctaagaaaa cgaccaagaa gaccactaag aaaactacta aaaagaccac 60 cgcaaagaag accacaaaga agtcttaagc cggatcttat atg gat gat tcc aat 115 Met Asp Asp Ser Asn 1 5 agc ttt gta gtt gtt gct aac cgt ctg cca gtg gat atg act gtc cac 163 Ser Phe Val Val Val Ala Asn Arg Leu Pro Val Asp Met Thr Val His 10 15 20 cca gat ggt agc tat agc atc tcc ccc agc ccc ggt ggc ctt gtc acg 211 Pro Asp Gly Ser Tyr Ser Ile Ser Pro Ser Pro Gly Gly Leu Val Thr 25 30 35 ggg ctt tcc ccc gtt ctg gaa caa cat cgt gga tgt tgg gtc gga tgg 259 Gly Leu Ser Pro Val Leu Glu Gln His Arg Gly Cys Trp Val Gly Trp 40 45 50 cct gga act gta gat gtt gca ccc gaa cca ttt cga aca gat acg ggt 307 Pro Gly Thr Val Asp Val Ala Pro Glu Pro Phe Arg Thr Asp Thr Gly 55 60 65 gtt ttg ctg cac cct gtt gtc ctc act gca agt gac tat gaa ggc ttc 355 Val Leu Leu His Pro Val Val Leu Thr Ala Ser Asp Tyr Glu Gly Phe 70 75 80 85 tac gag ggc ttt tca aac gca acg ctg tgg cct ctt ttc cac gat ctg 403 Tyr Glu Gly Phe Ser Asn Ala Thr Leu Trp Pro Leu Phe His Asp Leu 90 95 100 att gtt act ccg gtg tac aac acc gat tgg tgg cat gcg ttt cgg gag 451 Ile Val Thr Pro Val Tyr Asn Thr Asp Trp Trp His Ala Phe Arg Glu 105 110 115 gta aac ctc aag ttc gct gaa gcc gtg agc caa gtg gcg gca cac ggt 499 Val Asn Leu Lys Phe Ala Glu Ala Val Ser Gln Val Ala Ala His Gly 120 125 130 gcc act gtg tgg gtg cag gac tat cag ctg ttg ctg gtt cct ggc att 547 Ala Thr Val Trp Val Gln Asp Tyr Gln Leu Leu Leu Val Pro Gly Ile 135 140 145 ttg cgc cag atg cgc cct gat ttg aag atc ggt ttc ttc ctc cac att 595 Leu Arg Gln Met Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Ile Gly Phe Phe Leu His Ile 150 155 160 165 ccc ttc cct tcc cct gat ctg ttc cgt cag ctg ccg tgg cgt gaa gag 643 Pro Phe Pro Ser Pro Asp Leu Phe Arg Gln Leu Pro Trp Arg Glu Glu 170 175 180 att gtt cga ggc atg ctg ggc gca gat ttg gtg gga ttc cat ttg gtt 691 Ile Val Arg Gly Met Leu Gly Ala Asp Leu Val Gly Phe His Leu Val 185 190 195 caa aac gca gaa aac ttc ctt gcg tta acc cag cag gtt gcc ggc act 739 Gln Asn Ala Glu Asn Phe Leu Ala Leu Thr Gln Gln Val Ala Gly Thr 200 205 210 gcc ggg tct cat gtg ggt cag ccg gac acc ttg cag gtc agt ggt gaa 787 Ala Gly Ser His Val Gly Gln Pro Asp Thr Leu Gln Val Ser Gly Glu 215 220 225 gca ttg gtg cgt gag att ggc gct cat gtt gaa acc gct gac gga agg 835 Ala Leu Val Arg Glu Ile Gly Ala His Val Glu Thr Ala Asp Gly Arg 230 235 240 245 cga gtt agc gtc ggg gcg ttc ccg atc tcg att gat gtt gaa atg ttt 883 Arg Val Ser Val Gly Ala Phe Pro Ile Ser Ile Asp Val Glu Met Phe 250 255 260 ggg gag gcg tcg aaa agc gcc gtt ctt gat ctt tta aaa acg ctc gac 931 Gly Glu Ala Ser Lys Ser Ala Val Leu Asp Leu Leu Lys Thr Leu Asp 265 270 275 gag ccg gaa acc gta ttc ctg ggc gtt gac cga ctg gac tac acc aag 979 Glu Pro Glu Thr Val Phe Leu Gly Val Asp Arg Leu Asp Tyr Thr Lys 280 285 290 ggc att ttg cag cgc ctg ctt gcg ttt gag gaa ctg ctg gaa tcc ggc 1027 Gly Ile Leu Gln Arg Leu Leu Ala Phe Glu Glu Leu Leu Glu Ser Gly 295 300 305 gcg ttg gag gcc gac aaa gct gtg ttg ctg cag gtc gcg acg cct tcg 1075 Ala Leu Glu Ala Asp Lys Ala Val Leu Leu Gln Val Ala Thr Pro Ser 310 315 320 325 cgt gag cgc att gat cac tat cgt gtg tcg cgt tcg cag gtc gag gaa 1123 Arg Glu Arg Ile Asp His Tyr Arg Val Ser Arg Ser Gln Val Glu Glu 330 335 340 gcc gtc ggc cgt atc aat ggt cgt ttc ggt cgc atg ggg cgt ccc gtg 1171 Ala Val Gly Arg Ile Asn Gly Arg Phe Gly Arg Met Gly Arg Pro Val 345 350 355 gtg cat tat cta cac agg tca ttg agc aaa aat gat ctc cag gtg ctg 1219 Val His Tyr Leu His Arg Ser Leu Ser Lys Asn Asp Leu Gln Val Leu 360 365 370 tat acc gca gcc gat gtc atg ctg gtt acg cct ttt aaa gac ggt atg 1267 Tyr Thr Ala Ala Asp Val Met Leu Val Thr Pro Phe Lys Asp Gly Met 375 380 385 aac ttg gtg gct aaa gaa ttc gtg gcc aac cac cgc gac ggc act ggt 1315 Asn Leu Val Ala Lys Glu Phe Val Ala Asn His Arg Asp Gly Thr Gly 390 395 400 405 gct ttg gtg ctg tcc gaa ttt gcc ggc gcg gcc act gag ctg acc ggt 1363 Ala Leu Val Leu Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ala Ala Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly 410 415 420 gcg tat tta tgc aac cca ttt gat gtg gaa tcc atc aaa cgg caa atg 1411 Ala Tyr Leu Cys Asn Pro Phe Asp Val Glu Ser Ile Lys Arg Gln Met 425 430 435 gtg gca gct gtc cat gat ttg aag cac aat ccg gaa tct gcg gca acg 1459 Val Ala Ala Val His Asp Leu Lys His Asn Pro Glu Ser Ala Ala Thr 440 445 450 cga atg aaa acg aac agc gag cag gtc tat acc cac gac gtc aac gtg 1507 Arg Met Lys Thr Asn Ser Glu Gln Val Tyr Thr His Asp Val Asn Val 455 460 465 tgg gct aat agt ttc ctg gat tgt ttg gca cag tcg gga gaa aac tca 1555 Trp Ala Asn Ser Phe Leu Asp Cys Leu Ala Gln Ser Gly Glu Asn Ser 470 475 480 485 tgaaccgcgc acgaatcgcg acc 1578 30 485 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 30 Met Asp Asp Ser Asn Ser Phe Val Val Val Ala Asn Arg Leu Pro Val 1 5 10 15 Asp Met Thr Val His Pro Asp Gly Ser Tyr Ser Ile Ser Pro Ser Pro 20 25 30 Gly Gly Leu Val Thr Gly Leu Ser Pro Val Leu Glu Gln His Arg Gly 35 40 45 Cys Trp Val Gly Trp Pro Gly Thr Val Asp Val Ala Pro Glu Pro Phe 50 55 60 Arg Thr Asp Thr Gly Val Leu Leu His Pro Val Val Leu Thr Ala Ser 65 70 75 80 Asp Tyr Glu Gly Phe Tyr Glu Gly Phe Ser Asn Ala Thr Leu Trp Pro 85 90 95 Leu Phe His Asp Leu Ile Val Thr Pro Val Tyr Asn Thr Asp Trp Trp 100 105 110 His Ala Phe Arg Glu Val Asn Leu Lys Phe Ala Glu Ala Val Ser Gln 115 120 125 Val Ala Ala His Gly Ala Thr Val Trp Val Gln Asp Tyr Gln Leu Leu 130 135 140 Leu Val Pro Gly Ile Leu Arg Gln Met Arg Pro Asp Leu Lys Ile Gly 145 150 155 160 Phe Phe Leu His Ile Pro Phe Pro Ser Pro Asp Leu Phe Arg Gln Leu 165 170 175 Pro Trp Arg Glu Glu Ile Val Arg Gly Met Leu Gly Ala Asp Leu Val 180 185 190 Gly Phe His Leu Val Gln Asn Ala Glu Asn Phe Leu Ala Leu Thr Gln 195 200 205 Gln Val Ala Gly Thr Ala Gly Ser His Val Gly Gln Pro Asp Thr Leu 210 215 220 Gln Val Ser Gly Glu Ala Leu Val Arg Glu Ile Gly Ala His Val Glu 225 230 235 240 Thr Ala Asp Gly Arg Arg Val Ser Val Gly Ala Phe Pro Ile Ser Ile 245 250 255 Asp Val Glu Met Phe Gly Glu Ala Ser Lys Ser Ala Val Leu Asp Leu 260 265 270 Leu Lys Thr Leu Asp Glu Pro Glu Thr Val Phe Leu Gly Val Asp Arg 275 280 285 Leu Asp Tyr Thr Lys Gly Ile Leu Gln Arg Leu Leu Ala Phe Glu Glu 290 295 300 Leu Leu Glu Ser Gly Ala Leu Glu Ala Asp Lys Ala Val Leu Leu Gln 305 310 315 320 Val Ala Thr Pro Ser Arg Glu Arg Ile Asp His Tyr Arg Val Ser Arg 325 330 335 Ser Gln Val Glu Glu Ala Val Gly Arg Ile Asn Gly Arg Phe Gly Arg 340 345 350 Met Gly Arg Pro Val Val His Tyr Leu His Arg Ser Leu Ser Lys Asn 355 360 365 Asp Leu Gln Val Leu Tyr Thr Ala Ala Asp Val Met Leu Val Thr Pro 370 375 380 Phe Lys Asp Gly Met Asn Leu Val Ala Lys Glu Phe Val Ala Asn His 385 390 395 400 Arg Asp Gly Thr Gly Ala Leu Val Leu Ser Glu Phe Ala Gly Ala Ala 405 410 415 Thr Glu Leu Thr Gly Ala Tyr Leu Cys Asn Pro Phe Asp Val Glu Ser 420 425 430 Ile Lys Arg Gln Met Val Ala Ala Val His Asp Leu Lys His Asn Pro 435 440 445 Glu Ser Ala Ala Thr Arg Met Lys Thr Asn Ser Glu Gln Val Tyr Thr 450 455 460 His Asp Val Asn Val Trp Ala Asn Ser Phe Leu Asp Cys Leu Ala Gln 465 470 475 480 Ser Gly Glu Asn Ser 485 31 891 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(868) RXA00347 31 tcggccagca atccgcttgg tgtcctggat cgcgccgaca tcttaaggtg ccagggcttt 60 aaagtgccag gggttctgtg ggatccgtac actggttccc atg act ttg act att 115 Met Thr Leu Thr Ile 1 5 gag gaa atc gcc aag acc aaa aag ctt ttg gtt gtg tcc gat ttt gat 163 Glu Glu Ile Ala Lys Thr Lys Lys Leu Leu Val Val Ser Asp Phe Asp 10 15 20 gga acc atc gca gga ttt agc aag gac gct tac aac gtt cct atc aac 211 Gly Thr Ile Ala Gly Phe Ser Lys Asp Ala Tyr Asn Val Pro Ile Asn 25 30 35 cag aaa tcc ctc aag gcg gta aaa gac ctc tcc caa caa gca gac act 259 Gln Lys Ser Leu Lys Ala Val Lys Asp Leu Ser Gln Gln Ala Asp Thr 40 45 50 gat gtt gtc att ttg tcg gga cgt cac ctg gag gga ttg aag acg gtt 307 Asp Val Val Ile Leu Ser Gly Arg His Leu Glu Gly Leu Lys Thr Val 55 60 65 ctt gat ctt ggt cag tac gac atc acc atg gtg ggt tca cac ggt tct 355 Leu Asp Leu Gly Gln Tyr Asp Ile Thr Met Val Gly Ser His Gly Ser 70 75 80 85 gag gat tcc tcc cgc ccg cgt acc ctc act cct gaa gag gta gct cgc 403 Glu Asp Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Thr Leu Thr Pro Glu Glu Val Ala Arg 90 95 100 ctc gcc aag att gaa gca gat ctg gaa aag atc gtc gac ggc atc gaa 451 Leu Ala Lys Ile Glu Ala Asp Leu Glu Lys Ile Val Asp Gly Ile Glu 105 110 115 ggc gca ttc gtg gag atc aag cct ttc cac cgc gtg ctg cac ttc atc 499 Gly Ala Phe Val Glu Ile Lys Pro Phe His Arg Val Leu His Phe Ile 120 125 130 cgt gtt tcc gac aag gac aaa gtc caa gga atc ctc gcc caa gca gca 547 Arg Val Ser Asp Lys Asp Lys Val Gln Gly Ile Leu Ala Gln Ala Ala 135 140 145 cac gta gac tct tcc ggc ctg aag gtt act aac ggc aag agc atc atc 595 His Val Asp Ser Ser Gly Leu Lys Val Thr Asn Gly Lys Ser Ile Ile 150 155 160 165 gaa tac tcc atc agc tcc acc acc aag ggc acc tgg ctg aag gaa tac 643 Glu Tyr Ser Ile Ser Ser Thr Thr Lys Gly Thr Trp Leu Lys Glu Tyr 170 175 180 gtt gac cgc acc gag ccc act ggt gtg att ttc ctc ggc gat gac acc 691 Val Asp Arg Thr Glu Pro Thr Gly Val Ile Phe Leu Gly Asp Asp Thr 185 190 195 acc gat gag cac ggt ttc aaa gct tta gaa aac gat gat cgt gcc cta 739 Thr Asp Glu His Gly Phe Lys Ala Leu Glu Asn Asp Asp Arg Ala Leu 200 205 210 acc gtc aag gtt ggc gaa gga gac act gca gcc aaa acc cgc gtc gac 787 Thr Val Lys Val Gly Glu Gly Asp Thr Ala Ala Lys Thr Arg Val Asp 215 220 225 gat gtt gat aat gtg gga att ttc cta gag aaa ctc gcc tac cac cgc 835 Asp Val Asp Asn Val Gly Ile Phe Leu Glu Lys Leu Ala Tyr His Arg 230 235 240 245 atg cag tat gcg gaa agc gtg cga ttg ggg att taagagagcc taaacgcacg 888 Met Gln Tyr Ala Glu Ser Val Arg Leu Gly Ile 250 255 aaa 891 32 256 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 32 Met Thr Leu Thr Ile Glu Glu Ile Ala Lys Thr Lys Lys Leu Leu Val 1 5 10 15 Val Ser Asp Phe Asp Gly Thr Ile Ala Gly Phe Ser Lys Asp Ala Tyr 20 25 30 Asn Val Pro Ile Asn Gln Lys Ser Leu Lys Ala Val Lys Asp Leu Ser 35 40 45 Gln Gln Ala Asp Thr Asp Val Val Ile Leu Ser Gly Arg His Leu Glu 50 55 60 Gly Leu Lys Thr Val Leu Asp Leu Gly Gln Tyr Asp Ile Thr Met Val 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser His Gly Ser Glu Asp Ser Ser Arg Pro Arg Thr Leu Thr Pro 85 90 95 Glu Glu Val Ala Arg Leu Ala Lys Ile Glu Ala Asp Leu Glu Lys Ile 100 105 110 Val Asp Gly Ile Glu Gly Ala Phe Val Glu Ile Lys Pro Phe His Arg 115 120 125 Val Leu His Phe Ile Arg Val Ser Asp Lys Asp Lys Val Gln Gly Ile 130 135 140 Leu Ala Gln Ala Ala His Val Asp Ser Ser Gly Leu Lys Val Thr Asn 145 150 155 160 Gly Lys Ser Ile Ile Glu Tyr Ser Ile Ser Ser Thr Thr Lys Gly Thr 165 170 175 Trp Leu Lys Glu Tyr Val Asp Arg Thr Glu Pro Thr Gly Val Ile Phe 180 185 190 Leu Gly Asp Asp Thr Thr Asp Glu His Gly Phe Lys Ala Leu Glu Asn 195 200 205 Asp Asp Arg Ala Leu Thr Val Lys Val Gly Glu Gly Asp Thr Ala Ala 210 215 220 Lys Thr Arg Val Asp Asp Val Asp Asn Val Gly Ile Phe Leu Glu Lys 225 230 235 240 Leu Ala Tyr His Arg Met Gln Tyr Ala Glu Ser Val Arg Leu Gly Ile 245 250 255 33 2556 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(2533) RXN01239 33 gcacttgctg cgtaaatctt tttcccacgc cgggaatgcg tgaacactaa gatcgaggac 60 gtaccgcacg attttgccta acttttaagg gtgtttcatc atg gca cgt cca att 115 Met Ala Arg Pro Ile 1 5 tcc gca acg tac agg ctt caa atg cga gga cct caa gca gat agc gcc 163 Ser Ala Thr Tyr Arg Leu Gln Met Arg Gly Pro Gln Ala Asp Ser Ala 10 15 20 ggg cgt tca ttt ggt ttt gcg cag gcc aaa gcc cag ctt ccc tat ctg 211 Gly Arg Ser Phe Gly Phe Ala Gln Ala Lys Ala Gln Leu Pro Tyr Leu 25 30 35 aag aag cta ggc atc agc cac ctg tac ctc tcc cct att ttt acg gcc 259 Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser His Leu Tyr Leu Ser Pro Ile Phe Thr Ala 40 45 50 atg cca gat tcc aat cat ggc tac gat gtc att gat ccc acc acc atc 307 Met Pro Asp Ser Asn His Gly Tyr Asp Val Ile Asp Pro Thr Thr Ile 55 60 65 aat gaa gag ctc ggt ggc atg gag ggt ctt cga gat ctt gcc gca gct 355 Asn Glu Glu Leu Gly Gly Met Glu Gly Leu Arg Asp Leu Ala Ala Ala 70 75 80 85 aca cac gag ttg ggc atg ggc atc atc att gat att gtt ccc aac cat 403 Thr His Glu Leu Gly Met Gly Ile Ile Ile Asp Ile Val Pro Asn His 90 95 100 tta ggt gtt gcc gtt cca cat ttg aat cct tgg tgg tgg gat gtt cta 451 Leu Gly Val Ala Val Pro His Leu Asn Pro Trp Trp Trp Asp Val Leu 105 110 115 aaa aac ggc aaa gat tcc gct ttt gag ttc tat ttc gat att gac tgg 499 Lys Asn Gly Lys Asp Ser Ala Phe Glu Phe Tyr Phe Asp Ile Asp Trp 120 125 130 cac gaa gac aac ggt tct ggt ggc aag ctg ggc atg ccg att ctg ggt 547 His Glu Asp Asn Gly Ser Gly Gly Lys Leu Gly Met Pro Ile Leu Gly 135 140 145 gct gaa ggc gat gaa gac aag ctg gaa ttc gcg gag ctt gat gga gag 595 Ala Glu Gly Asp Glu Asp Lys Leu Glu Phe Ala Glu Leu Asp Gly Glu 150 155 160 165 aaa gtg ctc aaa tat ttt gac cac ctc ttc cca atc gcg cct ggt acc 643 Lys Val Leu Lys Tyr Phe Asp His Leu Phe Pro Ile Ala Pro Gly Thr 170 175 180 gaa gaa ggg aca ccg caa gaa gtc tac aag cgc cag cat tac cgc ctg 691 Glu Glu Gly Thr Pro Gln Glu Val Tyr Lys Arg Gln His Tyr Arg Leu 185 190 195 cag ttc tgg cgc gat ggc gtg atc aac ttc cgt cgc ttc ttt tcc gtg 739 Gln Phe Trp Arg Asp Gly Val Ile Asn Phe Arg Arg Phe Phe Ser Val 200 205 210 aat acg ttg gct ggc atc agg caa gaa gat ccc tta gtg ttt gaa cat 787 Asn Thr Leu Ala Gly Ile Arg Gln Glu Asp Pro Leu Val Phe Glu His 215 220 225 act cat cgt ctg ctg cgc gaa ttg gtg gcg gaa gac ctc att gac ggc 835 Thr His Arg Leu Leu Arg Glu Leu Val Ala Glu Asp Leu Ile Asp Gly 230 235 240 245 gtg cgc gtc gat cac ccc gac ggg ctt tcc gat cct ttt gga tat ctg 883 Val Arg Val Asp His Pro Asp Gly Leu Ser Asp Pro Phe Gly Tyr Leu 250 255 260 cac aga ctc cgc gac ctc att gga cct gac cgc tgg ctg atc atc gaa 931 His Arg Leu Arg Asp Leu Ile Gly Pro Asp Arg Trp Leu Ile Ile Glu 265 270 275 aag atc ttg agc gtt gat gaa cca ctc gat ccc cgc ctg gcc gtt gat 979 Lys Ile Leu Ser Val Asp Glu Pro Leu Asp Pro Arg Leu Ala Val Asp 280 285 290 ggc acc act ggc tac gac gcc ctc cgt gaa ctc gac ggc gtg ttt atc 1027 Gly Thr Thr Gly Tyr Asp Ala Leu Arg Glu Leu Asp Gly Val Phe Ile 295 300 305 tcc cga gaa tct gag gac aaa ttc tcc atg ctg gcg ctg acc cac agt 1075 Ser Arg Glu Ser Glu Asp Lys Phe Ser Met Leu Ala Leu Thr His Ser 310 315 320 325 gga tcc acc tgg gat gaa cgc gcc ctc aaa tcc acg gag gaa agc ctc 1123 Gly Ser Thr Trp Asp Glu Arg Ala Leu Lys Ser Thr Glu Glu Ser Leu 330 335 340 aaa cga gtc gtc gcc caa caa gaa ctc gca gcc gaa atc tta agg ctc 1171 Lys Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gln Glu Leu Ala Ala Glu Ile Leu Arg Leu 345 350 355 gcc cgc gcc atg cgc cgc gat aac ttc tcc acc gca ggc acc aac gtc 1219 Ala Arg Ala Met Arg Arg Asp Asn Phe Ser Thr Ala Gly Thr Asn Val 360 365 370 acc gaa gac aaa ctt agc gaa acc atc atc gaa tta gtc gcc gcc atg 1267 Thr Glu Asp Lys Leu Ser Glu Thr Ile Ile Glu Leu Val Ala Ala Met 375 380 385 ccc gtc tac cgc gcc gac tac atc tcc ctc tca cgc acc acc gcc acc 1315 Pro Val Tyr Arg Ala Asp Tyr Ile Ser Leu Ser Arg Thr Thr Ala Thr 390 395 400 405 gtc atc gcg gag atg tcc aaa cgc ttc ccc tcc cgg cgt gac gca ctc 1363 Val Ile Ala Glu Met Ser Lys Arg Phe Pro Ser Arg Arg Asp Ala Leu 410 415 420 gac ctc atc gcg gcc gcc cta ctt ggc aat ggc gag gcc aaa atc cgc 1411 Asp Leu Ile Ala Ala Ala Leu Leu Gly Asn Gly Glu Ala Lys Ile Arg 425 430 435 ttc gct caa gtc tgc ggc gcc gtc atg gct aaa ggt gtg gaa gac acc 1459 Phe Ala Gln Val Cys Gly Ala Val Met Ala Lys Gly Val Glu Asp Thr 440 445 450 acc ttc tac cgc gca tct agg ctc gtt gca ttg caa gaa gtc ggt ggc 1507 Thr Phe Tyr Arg Ala Ser Arg Leu Val Ala Leu Gln Glu Val Gly Gly 455 460 465 gcg ccg ggg aga ttc ggc gtc tcc gct gca gaa ttc cac ttg ctg cag 1555 Ala Pro Gly Arg Phe Gly Val Ser Ala Ala Glu Phe His Leu Leu Gln 470 475 480 485 gaa gaa cgc agc ctg ctg tgg cca cgc acc atg acc acc ttg tcc acg 1603 Glu Glu Arg Ser Leu Leu Trp Pro Arg Thr Met Thr Thr Leu Ser Thr 490 495 500 cat gac acc aaa cgt ggc gaa gat acc cgc gcc cgc atc atc tcc ctg 1651 His Asp Thr Lys Arg Gly Glu Asp Thr Arg Ala Arg Ile Ile Ser Leu 505 510 515 tct gaa gtc ccc gat atg tac tcc gag ctg gtc aat cgt gtt ttc gcg 1699 Ser Glu Val Pro Asp Met Tyr Ser Glu Leu Val Asn Arg Val Phe Ala 520 525 530 gtg ctc ccc gcg cca gac ggc gca acg ggc agt ttc ctc cta caa aac 1747 Val Leu Pro Ala Pro Asp Gly Ala Thr Gly Ser Phe Leu Leu Gln Asn 535 540 545 ctg ctg ggc gta tgg ccc gcc gac ggc gtg atc acc gat gcg ctg cgc 1795 Leu Leu Gly Val Trp Pro Ala Asp Gly Val Ile Thr Asp Ala Leu Arg 550 555 560 565 gat cga ttc agg gaa tac gcc cta aaa gct atc cgc gaa gca tcc aca 1843 Asp Arg Phe Arg Glu Tyr Ala Leu Lys Ala Ile Arg Glu Ala Ser Thr 570 575 580 aaa acc acg tgg gtg gac ccc aac gag tcc ttc gag gct gcg gtc tgc 1891 Lys Thr Thr Trp Val Asp Pro Asn Glu Ser Phe Glu Ala Ala Val Cys 585 590 595 gat tgg gtg gaa gcg ctt ttc gac gga ccc tcc acc tca cta atc acc 1939 Asp Trp Val Glu Ala Leu Phe Asp Gly Pro Ser Thr Ser Leu Ile Thr 600 605 610 gaa ttt gtc tcc cac atc aac cgt ggc tct gtg caa atc tcc tta ggc 1987 Glu Phe Val Ser His Ile Asn Arg Gly Ser Val Gln Ile Ser Leu Gly 615 620 625 agg aaa ctg ctg caa atg gtg ggc gct gga atc ccc gac act tac caa 2035 Arg Lys Leu Leu Gln Met Val Gly Ala Gly Ile Pro Asp Thr Tyr Gln 630 635 640 645 gga act gag ttt tta gaa gac tcc ctg gta gat ccc gat aac cga cgc 2083 Gly Thr Glu Phe Leu Glu Asp Ser Leu Val Asp Pro Asp Asn Arg Arg 650 655 660 ttt gtt gat tac acc gcc aga gaa caa gtc ctg gag cgc ctg caa acc 2131 Phe Val Asp Tyr Thr Ala Arg Glu Gln Val Leu Glu Arg Leu Gln Thr 665 670 675 tgg gct tgg acg cag gtt aat tcg gta gaa gac ttg gtg gat aac gcc 2179 Trp Ala Trp Thr Gln Val Asn Ser Val Glu Asp Leu Val Asp Asn Ala 680 685 690 gac atc gcc aaa atg gcc gtg gtc cat aaa tcc ctc gag ttg cgt gct 2227 Asp Ile Ala Lys Met Ala Val Val His Lys Ser Leu Glu Leu Arg Ala 695 700 705 gaa ttt cgt gca agc ttt gtt ggt gga gat cat cag gca gta ttt ggc 2275 Glu Phe Arg Ala Ser Phe Val Gly Gly Asp His Gln Ala Val Phe Gly 710 715 720 725 gaa ggt cgc gca gaa tcc cac atc atg ggc atc gcc cgc ggt aca gac 2323 Glu Gly Arg Ala Glu Ser His Ile Met Gly Ile Ala Arg Gly Thr Asp 730 735 740 cga aac cac ctc aac atc att gct ctt gct acc cgt cga cca ctg atc 2371 Arg Asn His Leu Asn Ile Ile Ala Leu Ala Thr Arg Arg Pro Leu Ile 745 750 755 ttg gaa gac cgt ggc gga tgg tat gac acc acc gtc acg ctt cct ggt 2419 Leu Glu Asp Arg Gly Gly Trp Tyr Asp Thr Thr Val Thr Leu Pro Gly 760 765 770 gga caa tgg gaa gac agg ctc acc ggg caa cgc ttc agt ggt gtt gtc 2467 Gly Gln Trp Glu Asp Arg Leu Thr Gly Gln Arg Phe Ser Gly Val Val 775 780 785 cca gcc acc gat ttg ttc tca cat cta ccc gta tct ttg ttg gtt tta 2515 Pro Ala Thr Asp Leu Phe Ser His Leu Pro Val Ser Leu Leu Val Leu 790 795 800 805 gta ccc gat agt gag ttt tgatccctgc acaggaaagt tag 2556 Val Pro Asp Ser Glu Phe 810 34 811 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 34 Met Ala Arg Pro Ile Ser Ala Thr Tyr Arg Leu Gln Met Arg Gly Pro 1 5 10 15 Gln Ala Asp Ser Ala Gly Arg Ser Phe Gly Phe Ala Gln Ala Lys Ala 20 25 30 Gln Leu Pro Tyr Leu Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Ser His Leu Tyr Leu Ser 35 40 45 Pro Ile Phe Thr Ala Met Pro Asp Ser Asn His Gly Tyr Asp Val Ile 50 55 60 Asp Pro Thr Thr Ile Asn Glu Glu Leu Gly Gly Met Glu Gly Leu Arg 65 70 75 80 Asp Leu Ala Ala Ala Thr His Glu Leu Gly Met Gly Ile Ile Ile Asp 85 90 95 Ile Val Pro Asn His Leu Gly Val Ala Val Pro His Leu Asn Pro Trp 100 105 110 Trp Trp Asp Val Leu Lys Asn Gly Lys Asp Ser Ala Phe Glu Phe Tyr 115 120 125 Phe Asp Ile Asp Trp His Glu Asp Asn Gly Ser Gly Gly Lys Leu Gly 130 135 140 Met Pro Ile Leu Gly Ala Glu Gly Asp Glu Asp Lys Leu Glu Phe Ala 145 150 155 160 Glu Leu Asp Gly Glu Lys Val Leu Lys Tyr Phe Asp His Leu Phe Pro 165 170 175 Ile Ala Pro Gly Thr Glu Glu Gly Thr Pro Gln Glu Val Tyr Lys Arg 180 185 190 Gln His Tyr Arg Leu Gln Phe Trp Arg Asp Gly Val Ile Asn Phe Arg 195 200 205 Arg Phe Phe Ser Val Asn Thr Leu Ala Gly Ile Arg Gln Glu Asp Pro 210 215 220 Leu Val Phe Glu His Thr His Arg Leu Leu Arg Glu Leu Val Ala Glu 225 230 235 240 Asp Leu Ile Asp Gly Val Arg Val Asp His Pro Asp Gly Leu Ser Asp 245 250 255 Pro Phe Gly Tyr Leu His Arg Leu Arg Asp Leu Ile Gly Pro Asp Arg 260 265 270 Trp Leu Ile Ile Glu Lys Ile Leu Ser Val Asp Glu Pro Leu Asp Pro 275 280 285 Arg Leu Ala Val Asp Gly Thr Thr Gly Tyr Asp Ala Leu Arg Glu Leu 290 295 300 Asp Gly Val Phe Ile Ser Arg Glu Ser Glu Asp Lys Phe Ser Met Leu 305 310 315 320 Ala Leu Thr His Ser Gly Ser Thr Trp Asp Glu Arg Ala Leu Lys Ser 325 330 335 Thr Glu Glu Ser Leu Lys Arg Val Val Ala Gln Gln Glu Leu Ala Ala 340 345 350 Glu Ile Leu Arg Leu Ala Arg Ala Met Arg Arg Asp Asn Phe Ser Thr 355 360 365 Ala Gly Thr Asn Val Thr Glu Asp Lys Leu Ser Glu Thr Ile Ile Glu 370 375 380 Leu Val Ala Ala Met Pro Val Tyr Arg Ala Asp Tyr Ile Ser Leu Ser 385 390 395 400 Arg Thr Thr Ala Thr Val Ile Ala Glu Met Ser Lys Arg Phe Pro Ser 405 410 415 Arg Arg Asp Ala Leu Asp Leu Ile Ala Ala Ala Leu Leu Gly Asn Gly 420 425 430 Glu Ala Lys Ile Arg Phe Ala Gln Val Cys Gly Ala Val Met Ala Lys 435 440 445 Gly Val Glu Asp Thr Thr Phe Tyr Arg Ala Ser Arg Leu Val Ala Leu 450 455 460 Gln Glu Val Gly Gly Ala Pro Gly Arg Phe Gly Val Ser Ala Ala Glu 465 470 475 480 Phe His Leu Leu Gln Glu Glu Arg Ser Leu Leu Trp Pro Arg Thr Met 485 490 495 Thr Thr Leu Ser Thr His Asp Thr Lys Arg Gly Glu Asp Thr Arg Ala 500 505 510 Arg Ile Ile Ser Leu Ser Glu Val Pro Asp Met Tyr Ser Glu Leu Val 515 520 525 Asn Arg Val Phe Ala Val Leu Pro Ala Pro Asp Gly Ala Thr Gly Ser 530 535 540 Phe Leu Leu Gln Asn Leu Leu Gly Val Trp Pro Ala Asp Gly Val Ile 545 550 555 560 Thr Asp Ala Leu Arg Asp Arg Phe Arg Glu Tyr Ala Leu Lys Ala Ile 565 570 575 Arg Glu Ala Ser Thr Lys Thr Thr Trp Val Asp Pro Asn Glu Ser Phe 580 585 590 Glu Ala Ala Val Cys Asp Trp Val Glu Ala Leu Phe Asp Gly Pro Ser 595 600 605 Thr Ser Leu Ile Thr Glu Phe Val Ser His Ile Asn Arg Gly Ser Val 610 615 620 Gln Ile Ser Leu Gly Arg Lys Leu Leu Gln Met Val Gly Ala Gly Ile 625 630 635 640 Pro Asp Thr Tyr Gln Gly Thr Glu Phe Leu Glu Asp Ser Leu Val Asp 645 650 655 Pro Asp Asn Arg Arg Phe Val Asp Tyr Thr Ala Arg Glu Gln Val Leu 660 665 670 Glu Arg Leu Gln Thr Trp Ala Trp Thr Gln Val Asn Ser Val Glu Asp 675 680 685 Leu Val Asp Asn Ala Asp Ile Ala Lys Met Ala Val Val His Lys Ser 690 695 700 Leu Glu Leu Arg Ala Glu Phe Arg Ala Ser Phe Val Gly Gly Asp His 705 710 715 720 Gln Ala Val Phe Gly Glu Gly Arg Ala Glu Ser His Ile Met Gly Ile 725 730 735 Ala Arg Gly Thr Asp Arg Asn His Leu Asn Ile Ile Ala Leu Ala Thr 740 745 750 Arg Arg Pro Leu Ile Leu Glu Asp Arg Gly Gly Trp Tyr Asp Thr Thr 755 760 765 Val Thr Leu Pro Gly Gly Gln Trp Glu Asp Arg Leu Thr Gly Gln Arg 770 775 780 Phe Ser Gly Val Val Pro Ala Thr Asp Leu Phe Ser His Leu Pro Val 785 790 795 800 Ser Leu Leu Val Leu Val Pro Asp Ser Glu Phe 805 810 35 1953 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1930) RXA02645 35 gatacagctc cttgatggag tgaataaatt cgcgagcctg ctcctgatct tgcacacgcg 60 tgatataggt cagaaatcgc gagcgcttga tctctagttc atg ctc aaa gac ttg 115 Met Leu Lys Asp Leu 1 5 acc ggc ctg agg gag ttg gta ttg cgt gag atg tgc cat agc atc tca 163 Thr Gly Leu Arg Glu Leu Val Leu Arg Glu Met Cys His Ser Ile Ser 10 15 20 cat ctt agc tcg cca acc ggc agc att ttc act agc ctg gtg gcc atg 211 His Leu Ser Ser Pro Thr Gly Ser Ile Phe Thr Ser Leu Val Ala Met 25 30 35 ttg acc tcg caa agc ttt tca gtg tgg gct cca ctt ccc cac gat gta 259 Leu Thr Ser Gln Ser Phe Ser Val Trp Ala Pro Leu Pro His Asp Val 40 45 50 cat ctg atc ctc aac ggc gaa acc ctc ccc atg cac aaa acg gag ggc 307 His Leu Ile Leu Asn Gly Glu Thr Leu Pro Met His Lys Thr Glu Gly 55 60 65 agc tgg tgg cgc gcc gag atc gcg ccc aag gcc ggc gat cgt tac ggt 355 Ser Trp Trp Arg Ala Glu Ile Ala Pro Lys Ala Gly Asp Arg Tyr Gly 70 75 80 85 ttt tcg ctt ttc gac ggc tcc tcc tgg tca aaa acc ctc ccc gat ccc 403 Phe Ser Leu Phe Asp Gly Ser Ser Trp Ser Lys Thr Leu Pro Asp Pro 90 95 100 cgc tcc aca tct caa cca gac ggg gtt cat ggt tta agt gaa gtc tcc 451 Arg Ser Thr Ser Gln Pro Asp Gly Val His Gly Leu Ser Glu Val Ser 105 110 115 gat gat tcc tat ctg tgg ggt gac cag cag tgg act ggc cga att ctc 499 Asp Asp Ser Tyr Leu Trp Gly Asp Gln Gln Trp Thr Gly Arg Ile Leu 120 125 130 cct ggc tcg gtg tta tat gag ctg cat gtg ggc acc ttt agt gaa gat 547 Pro Gly Ser Val Leu Tyr Glu Leu His Val Gly Thr Phe Ser Glu Asp 135 140 145 gga acg ttt gag gga gtc gtc gac aag ctt cct tat ctg cgc gac ctc 595 Gly Thr Phe Glu Gly Val Val Asp Lys Leu Pro Tyr Leu Arg Asp Leu 150 155 160 165 ggc gtg acc gcc atc gaa ctt tta ccc gtg cag ccc ttt ggc ggc aac 643 Gly Val Thr Ala Ile Glu Leu Leu Pro Val Gln Pro Phe Gly Gly Asn 170 175 180 cgc aat tgg ggc tac gac ggg gtg ctg tgg cac gcc gtc cat gca ggc 691 Arg Asn Trp Gly Tyr Asp Gly Val Leu Trp His Ala Val His Ala Gly 185 190 195 tac ggc ggt ccg gcg ggc ttg aaa aag ctt atc gac gcc tcc cac cag 739 Tyr Gly Gly Pro Ala Gly Leu Lys Lys Leu Ile Asp Ala Ser His Gln 200 205 210 gcc ggc atc gcc gtc tac tta gac gtc gtg tac aac cac ttc ggc ccc 787 Ala Gly Ile Ala Val Tyr Leu Asp Val Val Tyr Asn His Phe Gly Pro 215 220 225 gac ggc aac tac aac ggg caa ttt ggc ccc tac acc tct ggc ggc agc 835 Asp Gly Asn Tyr Asn Gly Gln Phe Gly Pro Tyr Thr Ser Gly Gly Ser 230 235 240 245 acc ggc tgg ggc gac gtg gtc aac atc aac ggc cat gat tca gat gaa 883 Thr Gly Trp Gly Asp Val Val Asn Ile Asn Gly His Asp Ser Asp Glu 250 255 260 gtc cgc aat tat att ctc gac gcc gca cgc cag tgg ttc gaa gat ttt 931 Val Arg Asn Tyr Ile Leu Asp Ala Ala Arg Gln Trp Phe Glu Asp Phe 265 270 275 cac gtt gat ggg ctc cgc ctc gat gcg gtg cat tct ctc gat gat cgc 979 His Val Asp Gly Leu Arg Leu Asp Ala Val His Ser Leu Asp Asp Arg 280 285 290 ggc gcc tat tcc cta ctt gcg cag ctg acc atg gtg gcc gag gat gtc 1027 Gly Ala Tyr Ser Leu Leu Ala Gln Leu Thr Met Val Ala Glu Asp Val 295 300 305 tcc gca caa aca ggc atc cca cgc tca ttg att gca gaa tct gaa ctc 1075 Ser Ala Gln Thr Gly Ile Pro Arg Ser Leu Ile Ala Glu Ser Glu Leu 310 315 320 325 aat gac ccc aag ttc gtt acc tcc cgc gag gcc ggc ggt ttt ggc ctg 1123 Asn Asp Pro Lys Phe Val Thr Ser Arg Glu Ala Gly Gly Phe Gly Leu 330 335 340 gat gca cag tgg gtt gac gat atc cac cac gcc ctc cat gcc ctc gtt 1171 Asp Ala Gln Trp Val Asp Asp Ile His His Ala Leu His Ala Leu Val 345 350 355 tct ggc gaa cgc aat ggt tat tac agc gat ttc gga tct gtc gac aca 1219 Ser Gly Glu Arg Asn Gly Tyr Tyr Ser Asp Phe Gly Ser Val Asp Thr 360 365 370 tta gcc aaa acc ctg cgt gaa gta ttt gaa cac acc gga aac tac tcc 1267 Leu Ala Lys Thr Leu Arg Glu Val Phe Glu His Thr Gly Asn Tyr Ser 375 380 385 acg tac cgc gga cgc aac cac ggc cgc cct gtg cac ccc gat atc acc 1315 Thr Tyr Arg Gly Arg Asn His Gly Arg Pro Val His Pro Asp Ile Thr 390 395 400 405 cct gcc tcg cgc ttt gtc acc tac acc acc acc cat gat cag acc ggc 1363 Pro Ala Ser Arg Phe Val Thr Tyr Thr Thr Thr His Asp Gln Thr Gly 410 415 420 aac cgc gca atc ggc gac cgt cct tcc acg act ctc acc ccg gaa cag 1411 Asn Arg Ala Ile Gly Asp Arg Pro Ser Thr Thr Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln 425 430 435 cag gtg ttg aag gca gcc att atc tac agc tcg ccg tat acc ccg atg 1459 Gln Val Leu Lys Ala Ala Ile Ile Tyr Ser Ser Pro Tyr Thr Pro Met 440 445 450 ttg ttt atg ggt gaa gaa ttc gga gcc acc acc cca ttc gcc ttc ttt 1507 Leu Phe Met Gly Glu Glu Phe Gly Ala Thr Thr Pro Phe Ala Phe Phe 455 460 465 tgc tcc cac acc gac ccc gag ctc aac cgg cta acc tcc gag ggc cgc 1555 Cys Ser His Thr Asp Pro Glu Leu Asn Arg Leu Thr Ser Glu Gly Arg 470 475 480 485 aaa cgg gaa ttc gca cgc ctt ggc tgg aac gcc gac gac atc ccc tcc 1603 Lys Arg Glu Phe Ala Arg Leu Gly Trp Asn Ala Asp Asp Ile Pro Ser 490 495 500 ccc gag ctg gaa tcc acc ttc acc tcc tcc aaa ctc gat tgg gag ttc 1651 Pro Glu Leu Glu Ser Thr Phe Thr Ser Ser Lys Leu Asp Trp Glu Phe 505 510 515 act gcg gag cag cgc cgc atc aac gac gct tac aag cag ctg ttg cac 1699 Thr Ala Glu Gln Arg Arg Ile Asn Asp Ala Tyr Lys Gln Leu Leu His 520 525 530 ctg cgg cac acc ttg ggc ttc tcc caa cca aac ttg ctc aca ctc gag 1747 Leu Arg His Thr Leu Gly Phe Ser Gln Pro Asn Leu Leu Thr Leu Glu 535 540 545 gtt gag cac ggc gag aac tgg cta tcg atg gcc aat ggt cgc ggc cga 1795 Val Glu His Gly Glu Asn Trp Leu Ser Met Ala Asn Gly Arg Gly Arg 550 555 560 565 att ctg gcg aat ttc tcc gac gac acc atc acc gtc ccg ctt ggc ggc 1843 Ile Leu Ala Asn Phe Ser Asp Asp Thr Ile Thr Val Pro Leu Gly Gly 570 575 580 gag ctg att tac agc ttc act tcc ccc acc gtc acc gac acc tcc aca 1891 Glu Leu Ile Tyr Ser Phe Thr Ser Pro Thr Val Thr Asp Thr Ser Thr 585 590 595 acc ctt cag ccg tgg ggc ttt gcg atc ctg acc cga aac tagaaaaagg 1940 Thr Leu Gln Pro Trp Gly Phe Ala Ile Leu Thr Arg Asn 600 605 610 ccacctcgat tga 1953 36 610 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 36 Met Leu Lys Asp Leu Thr Gly Leu Arg Glu Leu Val Leu Arg Glu Met 1 5 10 15 Cys His Ser Ile Ser His Leu Ser Ser Pro Thr Gly Ser Ile Phe Thr 20 25 30 Ser Leu Val Ala Met Leu Thr Ser Gln Ser Phe Ser Val Trp Ala Pro 35 40 45 Leu Pro His Asp Val His Leu Ile Leu Asn Gly Glu Thr Leu Pro Met 50 55 60 His Lys Thr Glu Gly Ser Trp Trp Arg Ala Glu Ile Ala Pro Lys Ala 65 70 75 80 Gly Asp Arg Tyr Gly Phe Ser Leu Phe Asp Gly Ser Ser Trp Ser Lys 85 90 95 Thr Leu Pro Asp Pro Arg Ser Thr Ser Gln Pro Asp Gly Val His Gly 100 105 110 Leu Ser Glu Val Ser Asp Asp Ser Tyr Leu Trp Gly Asp Gln Gln Trp 115 120 125 Thr Gly Arg Ile Leu Pro Gly Ser Val Leu Tyr Glu Leu His Val Gly 130 135 140 Thr Phe Ser Glu Asp Gly Thr Phe Glu Gly Val Val Asp Lys Leu Pro 145 150 155 160 Tyr Leu Arg Asp Leu Gly Val Thr Ala Ile Glu Leu Leu Pro Val Gln 165 170 175 Pro Phe Gly Gly Asn Arg Asn Trp Gly Tyr Asp Gly Val Leu Trp His 180 185 190 Ala Val His Ala Gly Tyr Gly Gly Pro Ala Gly Leu Lys Lys Leu Ile 195 200 205 Asp Ala Ser His Gln Ala Gly Ile Ala Val Tyr Leu Asp Val Val Tyr 210 215 220 Asn His Phe Gly Pro Asp Gly Asn Tyr Asn Gly Gln Phe Gly Pro Tyr 225 230 235 240 Thr Ser Gly Gly Ser Thr Gly Trp Gly Asp Val Val Asn Ile Asn Gly 245 250 255 His Asp Ser Asp Glu Val Arg Asn Tyr Ile Leu Asp Ala Ala Arg Gln 260 265 270 Trp Phe Glu Asp Phe His Val Asp Gly Leu Arg Leu Asp Ala Val His 275 280 285 Ser Leu Asp Asp Arg Gly Ala Tyr Ser Leu Leu Ala Gln Leu Thr Met 290 295 300 Val Ala Glu Asp Val Ser Ala Gln Thr Gly Ile Pro Arg Ser Leu Ile 305 310 315 320 Ala Glu Ser Glu Leu Asn Asp Pro Lys Phe Val Thr Ser Arg Glu Ala 325 330 335 Gly Gly Phe Gly Leu Asp Ala Gln Trp Val Asp Asp Ile His His Ala 340 345 350 Leu His Ala Leu Val Ser Gly Glu Arg Asn Gly Tyr Tyr Ser Asp Phe 355 360 365 Gly Ser Val Asp Thr Leu Ala Lys Thr Leu Arg Glu Val Phe Glu His 370 375 380 Thr Gly Asn Tyr Ser Thr Tyr Arg Gly Arg Asn His Gly Arg Pro Val 385 390 395 400 His Pro Asp Ile Thr Pro Ala Ser Arg Phe Val Thr Tyr Thr Thr Thr 405 410 415 His Asp Gln Thr Gly Asn Arg Ala Ile Gly Asp Arg Pro Ser Thr Thr 420 425 430 Leu Thr Pro Glu Gln Gln Val Leu Lys Ala Ala Ile Ile Tyr Ser Ser 435 440 445 Pro Tyr Thr Pro Met Leu Phe Met Gly Glu Glu Phe Gly Ala Thr Thr 450 455 460 Pro Phe Ala Phe Phe Cys Ser His Thr Asp Pro Glu Leu Asn Arg Leu 465 470 475 480 Thr Ser Glu Gly Arg Lys Arg Glu Phe Ala Arg Leu Gly Trp Asn Ala 485 490 495 Asp Asp Ile Pro Ser Pro Glu Leu Glu Ser Thr Phe Thr Ser Ser Lys 500 505 510 Leu Asp Trp Glu Phe Thr Ala Glu Gln Arg Arg Ile Asn Asp Ala Tyr 515 520 525 Lys Gln Leu Leu His Leu Arg His Thr Leu Gly Phe Ser Gln Pro Asn 530 535 540 Leu Leu Thr Leu Glu Val Glu His Gly Glu Asn Trp Leu Ser Met Ala 545 550 555 560 Asn Gly Arg Gly Arg Ile Leu Ala Asn Phe Ser Asp Asp Thr Ile Thr 565 570 575 Val Pro Leu Gly Gly Glu Leu Ile Tyr Ser Phe Thr Ser Pro Thr Val 580 585 590 Thr Asp Thr Ser Thr Thr Leu Gln Pro Trp Gly Phe Ala Ile Leu Thr 595 600 605 Arg Asn 610 37 832 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(832) RXN02355 37 atttttgacc ctccgggggt gatttaacct aaaattccac acaaacgtgt tcgaggtcat 60 tagattgata agcatctgtt gttaagaaag gtgacttcct atg tcc tcg att tcc 115 Met Ser Ser Ile Ser 1 5 cgc aag acc ggc gcg tca ctt gca gcc acc aca ctg ttg gca gcg atc 163 Arg Lys Thr Gly Ala Ser Leu Ala Ala Thr Thr Leu Leu Ala Ala Ile 10 15 20 gca ctg gcc ggt tgt agt tca gac tca agc tcc gac tcc aca gat tcc 211 Ala Leu Ala Gly Cys Ser Ser Asp Ser Ser Ser Asp Ser Thr Asp Ser 25 30 35 acc gct agc gaa ggc gca gac agc cgc ggc ccc atc acc ttt gcg atg 259 Thr Ala Ser Glu Gly Ala Asp Ser Arg Gly Pro Ile Thr Phe Ala Met 40 45 50 ggc aaa aac gac acc gac aaa gtc att ccg atc atc gac cgc tgg aac 307 Gly Lys Asn Asp Thr Asp Lys Val Ile Pro Ile Ile Asp Arg Trp Asn 55 60 65 gaa gcc cac ccc gat gag cag gta acg ctc aac gaa ctc gcc ggt gaa 355 Glu Ala His Pro Asp Glu Gln Val Thr Leu Asn Glu Leu Ala Gly Glu 70 75 80 85 gcc gac gcg cag cgc gaa acc ctc gtg caa tcc ctg cag gcc ggc aac 403 Ala Asp Ala Gln Arg Glu Thr Leu Val Gln Ser Leu Gln Ala Gly Asn 90 95 100 tct gac tac gac gtc atg gcg ctc gac gtc atc tgg acc gca gac ttc 451 Ser Asp Tyr Asp Val Met Ala Leu Asp Val Ile Trp Thr Ala Asp Phe 105 110 115 gcg gca aac caa tgg ctc gca cca ctt gaa ggc gac ctc gag gta gac 499 Ala Ala Asn Gln Trp Leu Ala Pro Leu Glu Gly Asp Leu Glu Val Asp 120 125 130 acc tcc gga ctg ctg caa tcc acc gtg gat tcc gca acc tac aac ggc 547 Thr Ser Gly Leu Leu Gln Ser Thr Val Asp Ser Ala Thr Tyr Asn Gly 135 140 145 acc ctc tac gca ctg cca cag aac acc aac ggc cag cta ctg ttc cgc 595 Thr Leu Tyr Ala Leu Pro Gln Asn Thr Asn Gly Gln Leu Leu Phe Arg 150 155 160 165 aac acc gaa atc atc cca gaa gca cca gca aac tgg gct gac ctc gtg 643 Asn Thr Glu Ile Ile Pro Glu Ala Pro Ala Asn Trp Ala Asp Leu Val 170 175 180 gaa tcc tgc acg ctt gct gaa gaa gca ggc gtt gat tgc ctg acc act 691 Glu Ser Cys Thr Leu Ala Glu Glu Ala Gly Val Asp Cys Leu Thr Thr 185 190 195 cag ctc aag cag tac gaa ggc ctt tca gtg aac acc atc ggc ttc atc 739 Gln Leu Lys Gln Tyr Glu Gly Leu Ser Val Asn Thr Ile Gly Phe Ile 200 205 210 gaa ggt tgg gga ggc agc gtc cta gac gat gac ggc aaa cgt cac cgt 787 Glu Gly Trp Gly Gly Ser Val Leu Asp Asp Asp Gly Lys Arg His Arg 215 220 225 aga cag cac gac ggc aag gca ggc ctt caa gcg ctt gtc gac ggc 832 Arg Gln His Asp Gly Lys Ala Gly Leu Gln Ala Leu Val Asp Gly 230 235 240 38 244 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 38 Met Ser Ser Ile Ser Arg Lys Thr Gly Ala Ser Leu Ala Ala Thr Thr 1 5 10 15 Leu Leu Ala Ala Ile Ala Leu Ala Gly Cys Ser Ser Asp Ser Ser Ser 20 25 30 Asp Ser Thr Asp Ser Thr Ala Ser Glu Gly Ala Asp Ser Arg Gly Pro 35 40 45 Ile Thr Phe Ala Met Gly Lys Asn Asp Thr Asp Lys Val Ile Pro Ile 50 55 60 Ile Asp Arg Trp Asn Glu Ala His Pro Asp Glu Gln Val Thr Leu Asn 65 70 75 80 Glu Leu Ala Gly Glu Ala Asp Ala Gln Arg Glu Thr Leu Val Gln Ser 85 90 95 Leu Gln Ala Gly Asn Ser Asp Tyr Asp Val Met Ala Leu Asp Val Ile 100 105 110 Trp Thr Ala Asp Phe Ala Ala Asn Gln Trp Leu Ala Pro Leu Glu Gly 115 120 125 Asp Leu Glu Val Asp Thr Ser Gly Leu Leu Gln Ser Thr Val Asp Ser 130 135 140 Ala Thr Tyr Asn Gly Thr Leu Tyr Ala Leu Pro Gln Asn Thr Asn Gly 145 150 155 160 Gln Leu Leu Phe Arg Asn Thr Glu Ile Ile Pro Glu Ala Pro Ala Asn 165 170 175 Trp Ala Asp Leu Val Glu Ser Cys Thr Leu Ala Glu Glu Ala Gly Val 180 185 190 Asp Cys Leu Thr Thr Gln Leu Lys Gln Tyr Glu Gly Leu Ser Val Asn 195 200 205 Thr Ile Gly Phe Ile Glu Gly Trp Gly Gly Ser Val Leu Asp Asp Asp 210 215 220 Gly Lys Arg His Arg Arg Gln His Asp Gly Lys Ala Gly Leu Gln Ala 225 230 235 240 Leu Val Asp Gly 39 609 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(586) RXN02909 39 caacgcgaat gaaaacgaac agcgagcagg tctataccca cgacgtcaac gtgtgggcta 60 atagtttcct ggattgtttg gcacagtcgg gagaaaactc atg aac cgc gca cga 115 Met Asn Arg Ala Arg 1 5 atc gcg acc ata ggc gtt ctt ccg ctt gct tta ctg ctg gcg tcc tgt 163 Ile Ala Thr Ile Gly Val Leu Pro Leu Ala Leu Leu Leu Ala Ser Cys 10 15 20 ggt tca gac acc gtg gaa atg aca gat tcc acc tgg ttg gtg acc aat 211 Gly Ser Asp Thr Val Glu Met Thr Asp Ser Thr Trp Leu Val Thr Asn 25 30 35 att tac acc gat cca gat gag tcg aat tcg atc agt aat ctt gtc att 259 Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Asp Glu Ser Asn Ser Ile Ser Asn Leu Val Ile 40 45 50 tcc cag ccc agc tta gat ttt ggc aat tct tcc ctg tct ggt ttc act 307 Ser Gln Pro Ser Leu Asp Phe Gly Asn Ser Ser Leu Ser Gly Phe Thr 55 60 65 ggc tgt gtg cct ttt acg ggg cgt gcg gaa ttc ttc caa aat ggt gag 355 Gly Cys Val Pro Phe Thr Gly Arg Ala Glu Phe Phe Gln Asn Gly Glu 70 75 80 85 caa agc tct gtt ctg gat gcc gat tat gtg acc ttg tct tcc ctg gat 403 Gln Ser Ser Val Leu Asp Ala Asp Tyr Val Thr Leu Ser Ser Leu Asp 90 95 100 ttc gat aaa ctt ccc gat gat tgc caa gga caa gaa ctc aaa gtt cat 451 Phe Asp Lys Leu Pro Asp Asp Cys Gln Gly Gln Glu Leu Lys Val His 105 110 115 aac gag ctg gtt gat ctt ctg cct ggt tct ttt gaa atc tcc agg act 499 Asn Glu Leu Val Asp Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Phe Glu Ile Ser Arg Thr 120 125 130 tct ggt tca gaa atc ttg ctg act agc gat gtc gat gaa ctc gat cgg 547 Ser Gly Ser Glu Ile Leu Leu Thr Ser Asp Val Asp Glu Leu Asp Arg 135 140 145 cca gca atc cgc ttg gtg tcc tgg atc gcg ccg aca tct taaggtgcca 596 Pro Ala Ile Arg Leu Val Ser Trp Ile Ala Pro Thr Ser 150 155 160 gggctttaaa gtg 609 40 162 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 40 Met Asn Arg Ala Arg Ile Ala Thr Ile Gly Val Leu Pro Leu Ala Leu 1 5 10 15 Leu Leu Ala Ser Cys Gly Ser Asp Thr Val Glu Met Thr Asp Ser Thr 20 25 30 Trp Leu Val Thr Asn Ile Tyr Thr Asp Pro Asp Glu Ser Asn Ser Ile 35 40 45 Ser Asn Leu Val Ile Ser Gln Pro Ser Leu Asp Phe Gly Asn Ser Ser 50 55 60 Leu Ser Gly Phe Thr Gly Cys Val Pro Phe Thr Gly Arg Ala Glu Phe 65 70 75 80 Phe Gln Asn Gly Glu Gln Ser Ser Val Leu Asp Ala Asp Tyr Val Thr 85 90 95 Leu Ser Ser Leu Asp Phe Asp Lys Leu Pro Asp Asp Cys Gln Gly Gln 100 105 110 Glu Leu Lys Val His Asn Glu Leu Val Asp Leu Leu Pro Gly Ser Phe 115 120 125 Glu Ile Ser Arg Thr Ser Gly Ser Glu Ile Leu Leu Thr Ser Asp Val 130 135 140 Asp Glu Leu Asp Arg Pro Ala Ile Arg Leu Val Ser Trp Ile Ala Pro 145 150 155 160 Thr Ser 41 1590 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1567) RXS00349 41 tgtgtacatc acaatggaat tcggggctag agtatctggt gaaccgtgca taaacgacct 60 gtgattggac tctttttcct tgcaaaatgt tttccagcgg atg ttg agt ttt gcg 115 Met Leu Ser Phe Ala 1 5 acc ctt cgt ggc cgc att tca aca gtt gac gct gca aaa gcc gca cct 163 Thr Leu Arg Gly Arg Ile Ser Thr Val Asp Ala Ala Lys Ala Ala Pro 10 15 20 ccg cca tcg cca cta gcc ccg att gat ctc act gac cat agt caa gtg 211 Pro Pro Ser Pro Leu Ala Pro Ile Asp Leu Thr Asp His Ser Gln Val 25 30 35 gcc ggt gtg atg aat ttg gct gcg aga att ggc gat att ttg ctt tct 259 Ala Gly Val Met Asn Leu Ala Ala Arg Ile Gly Asp Ile Leu Leu Ser 40 45 50 tca ggt acg tca aat agt gac acc aag gta caa gtt cga gca gtg acc 307 Ser Gly Thr Ser Asn Ser Asp Thr Lys Val Gln Val Arg Ala Val Thr 55 60 65 tct gcg tac ggt ttg tac tac acg cac gtg gat atc acg ttg aat acg 355 Ser Ala Tyr Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Thr His Val Asp Ile Thr Leu Asn Thr 70 75 80 85 atc acc atc ttc acc aac atc ggt gtg gag agg aag atg ccg gtc aac 403 Ile Thr Ile Phe Thr Asn Ile Gly Val Glu Arg Lys Met Pro Val Asn 90 95 100 gtg ttt cat gtt gta ggc aag ttg gac acc aac ttc tcc aaa ctg tct 451 Val Phe His Val Val Gly Lys Leu Asp Thr Asn Phe Ser Lys Leu Ser 105 110 115 gag gtt gac cgt ttg atc cgt tcc att cag gct ggt gcg acc ccg cct 499 Glu Val Asp Arg Leu Ile Arg Ser Ile Gln Ala Gly Ala Thr Pro Pro 120 125 130 gag gtt gcc gag aaa atc ctg gac gag ttg gag caa tcc cct gcg tct 547 Glu Val Ala Glu Lys Ile Leu Asp Glu Leu Glu Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser 135 140 145 tat ggt ttc cct gtt gcg ttg ctt ggc tgg gca atg atg ggt ggt gct 595 Tyr Gly Phe Pro Val Ala Leu Leu Gly Trp Ala Met Met Gly Gly Ala 150 155 160 165 gtt gct gtg ctg ttg ggt ggt gga tgg cag gtt tcc cta att gct ttt 643 Val Ala Val Leu Leu Gly Gly Gly Trp Gln Val Ser Leu Ile Ala Phe 170 175 180 att acc gcg ttc acg atc att gcc acg acg tca ttt ttg gga aag aag 691 Ile Thr Ala Phe Thr Ile Ile Ala Thr Thr Ser Phe Leu Gly Lys Lys 185 190 195 ggt ttg cct act ttc ttc caa aat gtt gtt ggt ggt ttt att gcc acg 739 Gly Leu Pro Thr Phe Phe Gln Asn Val Val Gly Gly Phe Ile Ala Thr 200 205 210 ctg cct gca tcg att gct tat tct ttg gcg ttg caa ttt ggt ctt gag 787 Leu Pro Ala Ser Ile Ala Tyr Ser Leu Ala Leu Gln Phe Gly Leu Glu 215 220 225 atc aaa ccg agc cag atc atc gca tct gga att gtt gtg ctg ttg gca 835 Ile Lys Pro Ser Gln Ile Ile Ala Ser Gly Ile Val Val Leu Leu Ala 230 235 240 245 ggt ttg aca ctc gtg caa tct ctg cag gac ggc atc acg ggc gct ccg 883 Gly Leu Thr Leu Val Gln Ser Leu Gln Asp Gly Ile Thr Gly Ala Pro 250 255 260 gtg aca gca agt gca cga ttt ttc gaa aca ctc ctg ttt acc ggc ggc 931 Val Thr Ala Ser Ala Arg Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu Leu Phe Thr Gly Gly 265 270 275 att gtt gct ggc gtg ggt ttg ggc att cag ctt tct gaa atc ttg cat 979 Ile Val Ala Gly Val Gly Leu Gly Ile Gln Leu Ser Glu Ile Leu His 280 285 290 gtc atg ttg cct gcc atg gag tcc gct gca gca cct aat tat tcg tct 1027 Val Met Leu Pro Ala Met Glu Ser Ala Ala Ala Pro Asn Tyr Ser Ser 295 300 305 aca ttc gcc cgc att atc gct ggt ggc gtc acc gca gcg gcc ttc gca 1075 Thr Phe Ala Arg Ile Ile Ala Gly Gly Val Thr Ala Ala Ala Phe Ala 310 315 320 325 gtg ggt tgt tac gcg gag tgg tcc tcg gtg att att gcg ggg ctt act 1123 Val Gly Cys Tyr Ala Glu Trp Ser Ser Val Ile Ile Ala Gly Leu Thr 330 335 340 gcg ctg atg ggt tct gcg ttt tat tac ctc ttc gtt gtt tat tta ggc 1171 Ala Leu Met Gly Ser Ala Phe Tyr Tyr Leu Phe Val Val Tyr Leu Gly 345 350 355 ccc gtc tct gcc gct gcg att gct gca aca gca gtt ggt ttc act ggt 1219 Pro Val Ser Ala Ala Ala Ile Ala Ala Thr Ala Val Gly Phe Thr Gly 360 365 370 ggt ttg ctt gcc cgt cga ttc ttg att cca ccg ttg att gtg gcg att 1267 Gly Leu Leu Ala Arg Arg Phe Leu Ile Pro Pro Leu Ile Val Ala Ile 375 380 385 gcc ggc atc aca cca atg ctt cca ggt cta gca att tac cgc gga atg 1315 Ala Gly Ile Thr Pro Met Leu Pro Gly Leu Ala Ile Tyr Arg Gly Met 390 395 400 405 tac gcc acc ctg aat gat caa aca ctc atg ggt ttc acc aac att gcg 1363 Tyr Ala Thr Leu Asn Asp Gln Thr Leu Met Gly Phe Thr Asn Ile Ala 410 415 420 gtt gct tta gcc act gct tca tca ctt gcc gct ggc gtg gtt ttg ggt 1411 Val Ala Leu Ala Thr Ala Ser Ser Leu Ala Ala Gly Val Val Leu Gly 425 430 435 gag tgg att gcc cgc agg cta cgt cgt cca cca cgc ttc aac cca tac 1459 Glu Trp Ile Ala Arg Arg Leu Arg Arg Pro Pro Arg Phe Asn Pro Tyr 440 445 450 cgt gca ttt acc aag gcg aat gag ttc tcc ttc cag gag gaa gct gag 1507 Arg Ala Phe Thr Lys Ala Asn Glu Phe Ser Phe Gln Glu Glu Ala Glu 455 460 465 cag aat cag cgc cgg cag aga aaa cgt cca aag act aat cag aga ttc 1555 Gln Asn Gln Arg Arg Gln Arg Lys Arg Pro Lys Thr Asn Gln Arg Phe 470 475 480 485 ggt aat aaa agg taaaaatcaa cctgcttagg cgt 1590 Gly Asn Lys Arg 42 489 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 42 Met Leu Ser Phe Ala Thr Leu Arg Gly Arg Ile Ser Thr Val Asp Ala 1 5 10 15 Ala Lys Ala Ala Pro Pro Pro Ser Pro Leu Ala Pro Ile Asp Leu Thr 20 25 30 Asp His Ser Gln Val Ala Gly Val Met Asn Leu Ala Ala Arg Ile Gly 35 40 45 Asp Ile Leu Leu Ser Ser Gly Thr Ser Asn Ser Asp Thr Lys Val Gln 50 55 60 Val Arg Ala Val Thr Ser Ala Tyr Gly Leu Tyr Tyr Thr His Val Asp 65 70 75 80 Ile Thr Leu Asn Thr Ile Thr Ile Phe Thr Asn Ile Gly Val Glu Arg 85 90 95 Lys Met Pro Val Asn Val Phe His Val Val Gly Lys Leu Asp Thr Asn 100 105 110 Phe Ser Lys Leu Ser Glu Val Asp Arg Leu Ile Arg Ser Ile Gln Ala 115 120 125 Gly Ala Thr Pro Pro Glu Val Ala Glu Lys Ile Leu Asp Glu Leu Glu 130 135 140 Gln Ser Pro Ala Ser Tyr Gly Phe Pro Val Ala Leu Leu Gly Trp Ala 145 150 155 160 Met Met Gly Gly Ala Val Ala Val Leu Leu Gly Gly Gly Trp Gln Val 165 170 175 Ser Leu Ile Ala Phe Ile Thr Ala Phe Thr Ile Ile Ala Thr Thr Ser 180 185 190 Phe Leu Gly Lys Lys Gly Leu Pro Thr Phe Phe Gln Asn Val Val Gly 195 200 205 Gly Phe Ile Ala Thr Leu Pro Ala Ser Ile Ala Tyr Ser Leu Ala Leu 210 215 220 Gln Phe Gly Leu Glu Ile Lys Pro Ser Gln Ile Ile Ala Ser Gly Ile 225 230 235 240 Val Val Leu Leu Ala Gly Leu Thr Leu Val Gln Ser Leu Gln Asp Gly 245 250 255 Ile Thr Gly Ala Pro Val Thr Ala Ser Ala Arg Phe Phe Glu Thr Leu 260 265 270 Leu Phe Thr Gly Gly Ile Val Ala Gly Val Gly Leu Gly Ile Gln Leu 275 280 285 Ser Glu Ile Leu His Val Met Leu Pro Ala Met Glu Ser Ala Ala Ala 290 295 300 Pro Asn Tyr Ser Ser Thr Phe Ala Arg Ile Ile Ala Gly Gly Val Thr 305 310 315 320 Ala Ala Ala Phe Ala Val Gly Cys Tyr Ala Glu Trp Ser Ser Val Ile 325 330 335 Ile Ala Gly Leu Thr Ala Leu Met Gly Ser Ala Phe Tyr Tyr Leu Phe 340 345 350 Val Val Tyr Leu Gly Pro Val Ser Ala Ala Ala Ile Ala Ala Thr Ala 355 360 365 Val Gly Phe Thr Gly Gly Leu Leu Ala Arg Arg Phe Leu Ile Pro Pro 370 375 380 Leu Ile Val Ala Ile Ala Gly Ile Thr Pro Met Leu Pro Gly Leu Ala 385 390 395 400 Ile Tyr Arg Gly Met Tyr Ala Thr Leu Asn Asp Gln Thr Leu Met Gly 405 410 415 Phe Thr Asn Ile Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Thr Ala Ser Ser Leu Ala Ala 420 425 430 Gly Val Val Leu Gly Glu Trp Ile Ala Arg Arg Leu Arg Arg Pro Pro 435 440 445 Arg Phe Asn Pro Tyr Arg Ala Phe Thr Lys Ala Asn Glu Phe Ser Phe 450 455 460 Gln Glu Glu Ala Glu Gln Asn Gln Arg Arg Gln Arg Lys Arg Pro Lys 465 470 475 480 Thr Asn Gln Arg Phe Gly Asn Lys Arg 485 43 440 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (1)..(417) RXS03183 43 gaa gcc gaa gca acc gca ggc aaa ttc gaa gta cag ccc ctc gta ggt 48 Glu Ala Glu Ala Thr Ala Gly Lys Phe Glu Val Gln Pro Leu Val Gly 1 5 10 15 aaa gac ggc gtc ggc gta tcc acc ctt ggt ggc tac aac aac ggc atc 96 Lys Asp Gly Val Gly Val Ser Thr Leu Gly Gly Tyr Asn Asn Gly Ile 20 25 30 aac gtc aac tcc gaa aac aag gca acc gcc cgc gac ttc atc gaa ttc 144 Asn Val Asn Ser Glu Asn Lys Ala Thr Ala Arg Asp Phe Ile Glu Phe 35 40 45 atc atc aac gaa gag aac caa acc tgg ttc gcg gac aac tcc ttc cca 192 Ile Ile Asn Glu Glu Asn Gln Thr Trp Phe Ala Asp Asn Ser Phe Pro 50 55 60 cca gtt ctg gca tcc atc tac gat gat gag tcc ctt gtt gag cag tac 240 Pro Val Leu Ala Ser Ile Tyr Asp Asp Glu Ser Leu Val Glu Gln Tyr 65 70 75 80 cca tac ctg cca gca ctg aag gaa tcc ctg gaa aac gca gca cca cgc 288 Pro Tyr Leu Pro Ala Leu Lys Glu Ser Leu Glu Asn Ala Ala Pro Arg 85 90 95 cca gtg tct cct ttc tac cca gcc atc tcc aag gca atc cag gac aac 336 Pro Val Ser Pro Phe Tyr Pro Ala Ile Ser Lys Ala Ile Gln Asp Asn 100 105 110 gcc tac gca gcg ctt aac ggc aac gtc gac gtt gac cag gca acc acc 384 Ala Tyr Ala Ala Leu Asn Gly Asn Val Asp Val Asp Gln Ala Thr Thr 115 120 125 gat atg aag gca gcg atc gaa aac gct tcc agc tagttcggta atttagttca 437 Asp Met Lys Ala Ala Ile Glu Asn Ala Ser Ser 130 135 ttc 440 44 139 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 44 Glu Ala Glu Ala Thr Ala Gly Lys Phe Glu Val Gln Pro Leu Val Gly 1 5 10 15 Lys Asp Gly Val Gly Val Ser Thr Leu Gly Gly Tyr Asn Asn Gly Ile 20 25 30 Asn Val Asn Ser Glu Asn Lys Ala Thr Ala Arg Asp Phe Ile Glu Phe 35 40 45 Ile Ile Asn Glu Glu Asn Gln Thr Trp Phe Ala Asp Asn Ser Phe Pro 50 55 60 Pro Val Leu Ala Ser Ile Tyr Asp Asp Glu Ser Leu Val Glu Gln Tyr 65 70 75 80 Pro Tyr Leu Pro Ala Leu Lys Glu Ser Leu Glu Asn Ala Ala Pro Arg 85 90 95 Pro Val Ser Pro Phe Tyr Pro Ala Ile Ser Lys Ala Ile Gln Asp Asn 100 105 110 Ala Tyr Ala Ala Leu Asn Gly Asn Val Asp Val Asp Gln Ala Thr Thr 115 120 125 Asp Met Lys Ala Ala Ile Glu Asn Ala Ser Ser 130 135 45 1212 DNA Corynebacterium glutamicum CDS (101)..(1189) RXC00874 45 agctgttccc taccattgct gaacgggagt ggattgtcac tttagcccct cacggattct 60 tctggtttga tctcaccgcc gatgaaaagg acgatatgga atg agc att ggc caa 115 Met Ser Ile Gly Gln 1 5 cac atc atc acc gag cgt ttc tac ggc gcc aag tcc cac acc atc gac 163 His Ile Ile Thr Glu Arg Phe Tyr Gly Ala Lys Ser His Thr Ile Asp 10 15 20 aac gta gat att gtg ttg tcc cgc gaa tgt ggc gag aac act ttg gct 211 Asn Val Asp Ile Val Leu Ser Arg Glu Cys Gly Glu Asn Thr Leu Ala 25 30 35 gta gtg cgc atc aac aat gcg ctg tat cag ttg ttg gtc aat gat gat 259 Val Val Arg Ile Asn Asn Ala Leu Tyr Gln Leu Leu Val Asn Asp Asp 40 45 50 ggc aaa gat gtt ctc aac gac cac gta gaa gag gtc ggt gcg agt ttc 307 Gly Lys Asp Val Leu Asn Asp His Val Glu Glu Val Gly Ala Ser Phe 55 60 65 gga gca tgg act ggc agc tct gct ttt ccc att ggc cct ttc act cca 355 Gly Ala Trp Thr Gly Ser Ser Ala Phe Pro Ile Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro 70 75 80 85 ctc ggc aca gaa caa tcc aat agc tct ttc atc acc gcc gac aat aaa 403 Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Ser Asn Ser Ser Phe Ile Thr Ala Asp Asn Lys 90 95 100 gcg atc gtg aaa tac ttc cgc aaa tta gaa tcc ggg caa aac ccc gat 451 Ala Ile Val Lys Tyr Phe Arg Lys Leu Glu Ser Gly Gln Asn Pro Asp 105 110 115 gtg gag cta att tct aaa att tcc tcc tgc ccc aac atc gcg ccc atc 499 Val Glu Leu Ile Ser Lys Ile Ser Ser Cys Pro Asn Ile Ala Pro Ile 120 125 130 ctg ggt ttt tcc tcc gct gag atc tcc ggg gct aac tac acc ctg gtc 547 Leu Gly Phe Ser Ser Ala Glu Ile Ser Gly Ala Asn Tyr Thr Leu Val 135 140 145 atg gcg cag cag tac gtt cca ggt ttg gat ggc tgg tca cac gcg ctg 595 Met Ala Gln Gln Tyr Val Pro Gly Leu Asp Gly Trp Ser His Ala Leu 150 155 160 165 act act acc tct ggc agc ttt gca gag gat gca gaa aag atc ggc gaa 643 Thr Thr Thr Ser Gly Ser Phe Ala Glu Asp Ala Glu Lys Ile Gly Glu 170 175 180 gcc acc cgc aat gtt cac act gct ctt gca tcg gcc ttc cct act cgg 691 Ala Thr Arg Asn Val His Thr Ala Leu Ala Ser Ala Phe Pro Thr Arg 185 190 195 gta gtt ccc gta gaa gca ctc gcc gat gcg ctc act acc cgc ctt aat 739 Val Val Pro Val Glu Ala Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu Thr Thr Arg Leu Asn 200 205 210 gaa cta atc tcc caa gca ccc gaa atc gcc cgc ttc aaa gaa gca gcc 787 Glu Leu Ile Ser Gln Ala Pro Glu Ile Ala Arg Phe Lys Glu Ala Ala 215 220 225 atc gac ctc tac caa tcg ttg gaa ggc gaa gcc cac atc caa cgc atc 835 Ile Asp Leu Tyr Gln Ser Leu Glu Gly Glu Ala His Ile Gln Arg Ile 230 235 240 245 cac ggt gac ctc cac ttg ggg cag ctc atc aaa acc ccc gaa cgc tac 883 His Gly Asp Leu His Leu Gly Gln Leu Ile Lys Thr Pro Glu Arg Tyr 250 255 260 atc ctc atc gat ttc gaa ggc gaa cct gcc cgc cca ctt aat caa cga 931 Ile Leu Ile Asp Phe Glu Gly Glu Pro Ala Arg Pro Leu Asn Gln Arg 265 270 275 cgc ctc ccc gac tct ccc ctg aaa gat ctc gcc ggc atc atc aga tcc 979 Arg Leu Pro Asp Ser Pro Leu Lys Asp Leu Ala Gly Ile Ile Arg Ser 280 285 290 atc gac tac gca gcc tac ttc gac ggc gaa cac acc caa tgg gcc aac 1027 Ile Asp Tyr Ala Ala Tyr Phe Asp Gly Glu His Thr Gln Trp Ala Asn 295 300 305 gaa gcc acc gcg cta ttc ctc gac ggc tac gga tca att gaa gac caa 1075 Glu Ala Thr Ala Leu Phe Leu Asp Gly Tyr Gly Ser Ile Glu Asp Gln 310 315 320 325 gaa ctc ctc aat gcc tac att ctg gac aag gcg ttg tac gag gtt gcc 1123 Glu Leu Leu Asn Ala Tyr Ile Leu Asp Lys Ala Leu Tyr Glu Val Ala 330 335 340 tat gaa ata aac aac cgc ccc gac tgg gtg aaa atc cca ctc gag gcg 1171 Tyr Glu Ile Asn Asn Arg Pro Asp Trp Val Lys Ile Pro Leu Glu Ala 345 350 355 gtc gaa agg ctt cta gac tagttagtta ctctgcgtca aac 1212 Val Glu Arg Leu Leu Asp 360 46 363 PRT Corynebacterium glutamicum 46 Met Ser Ile Gly Gln His Ile Ile Thr Glu Arg Phe Tyr Gly Ala Lys 1 5 10 15 Ser His Thr Ile Asp Asn Val Asp Ile Val Leu Ser Arg Glu Cys Gly 20 25 30 Glu Asn Thr Leu Ala Val Val Arg Ile Asn Asn Ala Leu Tyr Gln Leu 35 40 45 Leu Val Asn Asp Asp Gly Lys Asp Val Leu Asn Asp His Val Glu Glu 50 55 60 Val Gly Ala Ser Phe Gly Ala Trp Thr Gly Ser Ser Ala Phe Pro Ile 65 70 75 80 Gly Pro Phe Thr Pro Leu Gly Thr Glu Gln Ser Asn Ser Ser Phe Ile 85 90 95 Thr Ala Asp Asn Lys Ala Ile Val Lys Tyr Phe Arg Lys Leu Glu Ser 100 105 110 Gly Gln Asn Pro Asp Val Glu Leu Ile Ser Lys Ile Ser Ser Cys Pro 115 120 125 Asn Ile Ala Pro Ile Leu Gly Phe Ser Ser Ala Glu Ile Ser Gly Ala 130 135 140 Asn Tyr Thr Leu Val Met Ala Gln Gln Tyr Val Pro Gly Leu Asp Gly 145 150 155 160 Trp Ser His Ala Leu Thr Thr Thr Ser Gly Ser Phe Ala Glu Asp Ala 165 170 175 Glu Lys Ile Gly Glu Ala Thr Arg Asn Val His Thr Ala Leu Ala Ser 180 185 190 Ala Phe Pro Thr Arg Val Val Pro Val Glu Ala Leu Ala Asp Ala Leu 195 200 205 Thr Thr Arg Leu Asn Glu Leu Ile Ser Gln Ala Pro Glu Ile Ala Arg 210 215 220 Phe Lys Glu Ala Ala Ile Asp Leu Tyr Gln Ser Leu Glu Gly Glu Ala 225 230 235 240 His Ile Gln Arg Ile His Gly Asp Leu His Leu Gly Gln Leu Ile Lys 245 250 255 Thr Pro Glu Arg Tyr Ile Leu Ile Asp Phe Glu Gly Glu Pro Ala Arg 260 265 270 Pro Leu Asn Gln Arg Arg Leu Pro Asp Ser Pro Leu Lys Asp Leu Ala 275 280 285 Gly Ile Ile Arg Ser Ile Asp Tyr Ala Ala Tyr Phe Asp Gly Glu His 290 295 300 Thr Gln Trp Ala Asn Glu Ala Thr Ala Leu Phe Leu Asp Gly Tyr Gly 305 310 315 320 Ser Ile Glu Asp Gln Glu Leu Leu Asn Ala Tyr Ile Leu Asp Lys Ala 325 330 335 Leu Tyr Glu Val Ala Tyr Glu Ile Asn Asn Arg Pro Asp Trp Val Lys 340 345 350 Ile Pro Leu Glu Ala Val Glu Arg Leu Leu Asp 355 360 

1. An isolated Corynebacterium glutamicum nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, or a portion thereof, as set forth in Table
 1. 2. An isolated nucleic acid molecule which encodes a polypeptide sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 3. An isolated nucleic acid molecule which encodes a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide selected from the group of amino acid sequences consisting of those sequences set forth as even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 4. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence which is at least 63% homologous on basis of its amino acid sequence to a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences which encode for an amino acid sequence as set forth as SEQ ID NO 2 of the Sequence Listing, or a portion thereof, or sequence which is at least 71% homologous on basis of its amino acid sequence to a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences which encode for an amino acid sequence as set forth as SEQ ID NO 4 of the Sequence Listing, or a portion thereof.
 5. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a fragment of at least 15 nucleotides of a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 6. An isolated nucleic acid molecule which hybridizes to the nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-5 under stringent conditions.
 7. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising the nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-6 or a portion thereof and a nucleotide sequence encoding a heterologous polypeptide.
 8. A DNA-construct comprising the nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-7 and a regulatory sequence.
 9. A vector comprising the nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-7.
 10. A vector of claim 9 comprising in addition one ore more copies of the same or different nucleic acid molecule of table 4 provided the nucleic acid molecule pertains methionine or of table 5 provided the nucleic acid molecule pertains trehalose.
 11. The vector of any one of the claims 9 or 10, which is an expression vector.
 12. A host cell transfected with the expression vector of claim
 11. 13. The host cell of claim 12, wherein said cell is a microorganism.
 14. The host cell of claim 13, wherein said cell belongs to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium.
 15. The host cell of claim 12, wherein the expression of said nucleic acid molecule results in the modulation in production of a fine chemical from said cell.
 16. The host cell of claim 15, wherein said fine chemical is selected from the group consisting of: organic acids, non-proteinogenic amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, lipids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, diols, carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, vitamins, cofactors, polyketides, and enzymes.
 17. A method of producing a polypeptide comprising culturing the host cell of claim 12 in an appropriate culture medium to, thereby, produce the polypeptide.
 18. An isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 19. An isolated polypeptide comprising a naturally occurring allelic variant of a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, or a portion thereof, as set forth in Table
 1. 20. The isolated polypeptide of any of claims 18 or 19, further comprising heterologous amino acid sequences.
 21. An isolated polypeptide which is encoded by a nucleic acid molecule comprising a nucleotide sequence which is at least 63% homologous to a nucleic acid selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 22. An isolated polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence which is at least 63% homologous to an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of those sequences set forth as even-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, as set forth in Table
 1. 23. A method for producing a fine chemical, comprising culturing a cell containing a vector of claim 11 such that the fine chemical is produced.
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein said method further comprises the step of recovering the fine chemical from said culture.
 25. The method of claim 23, wherein said method further comprises the step of transfecting said cell with the vector of claim 11 to result in a cell containing said vector.
 26. The method of claim 23, wherein said cell belongs to the genus Corynebacterium or Brevibacterium.
 27. The method of claim 23, wherein said cell is selected from the group consisting of: Corynebacterium glutamicum, Corynebacterium herculis, Corynebacterium, lilium, Corynebacterium acetoacidophilum, Corynebacterium acetoglutamicum, Corynebacterium acetophilum, Corynebacterium ammoniagenes, Corynebacterium fujiokense, Corynebacterium nitrilophilus, Brevibacterium ammoniagenes, Brevibacterium butanicum, Brevibacterium divaricatum, Brevibacterium flavum, Brevibacterium healii, Brevibacterium ketoglutamicum, Brevibacterium ketosoreductum, Brevibacterium lactofermentum, Brevibacterium linens, Brevibacterium paraffinolyticum, and those strains set forth in Table
 2. 28. The method of claim 23, wherein expression of the nucleic acid molecule from said vector results in modulation of production of said fine chemical.
 29. The method of claim 23, wherein said fine chemical is selected from the group consisting of: organic acids, non-proteinogenic amino acids, purine and pyrimidine bases, nucleosides, nucleotides, lipids, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, diols, carbohydrates, aromatic compounds, vitamins, cofactors, polyketides, and enzymes.
 30. The method of claim 23, wherein said fine chemical is an amino acid or a carbohydrate.
 31. The method of claim 30, wherein said amino acid carbohydrate is drawn from the group consisting of: methionine or trehalose.
 32. A method for producing a fine chemical, comprising culturing a cell whose genomic DNA has been altered by the inclusion of a nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-7.
 33. A method for producing a fine chemical of claim 32 comprising in addition one ore more copies of the same or different nucleic acid molecule of table 4 provided the nucleic acid molecule pertains methionine or of table 5 provided the nucleic acid molecule pertains trehalose.
 34. A method for diagnosing the presence or activity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in a subject, comprising detecting the presence of one or more of SEQ ID NOs 1 through 4 of the Sequence Listing in the subject, thereby diagnosing the presence or activity of Corynebacterium diphtheriae in the subject.
 35. A host cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule selected-from the group consisting of the nucleic acid molecules set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, wherein the nucleic acid molecule is disrupted.
 36. A host cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of the nucleic acid molecules set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs in the Sequence Listing, wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises one or more nucleic acid modifications from the sequence set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing.
 37. A host cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule selected from the group consisting of the nucleic acid molecules set forth as odd-numbered SEQ ID NOs of the Sequence Listing, wherein the regulatory region of the nucleic acid molecule is modified relative to the wild-type regulatory region of the molecule. 